Growth sites and growth mechanisms at risk in cleft lip and palate

References

• Dahl E. Factors determining facial growth in cleft lip and palate patients. Tandlaegebladet 1991;95:862–6.
   Google Scholar
• Noback CR, Moss ML. The topology of the human premaxillary bone. J Phys Anthropol 1953;11:181–7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mooney MP, Siegel MI. Developmental relationship between premaxillary-maxillary suture patency and anterior nasal spine morphology. Cleft Palate J 1986;23:101–7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Friede H. A histological and enzyme-histochemical study of growth sites of the premaxilla in human foetuses and neonates. Arch Oral Biol 1975;20:809–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Behrents RG, Harris EF. The premaxillary-maxillary suture and orthodontic mechanotherapy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1991;99:1–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sejrsen B, Kjaer I, Jakobsen J. The human incisal suture and premaxillary area studied on archaeologic material. Acta Odontol Scand 1993;51:143–51.
   Google Scholar
• Jacobson A. Embryological evidence for the non-existence of the premaxilla in man. J Dent Assoc S Mr 1955;10:189–210.
   Google Scholar
• Wood NK, Wragg LE, Stuteville OH, Oglesby RJ. Osteogenesis of the human upper jaw: proof of the non existence of a separate premaxillary centre. Arch Oral Biol 1969;14:1331–41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Njio BJ, Kjaer I. The development and morphology of the incisive fissure and the transverse palatine suture in the human fetal palate. J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol 1993;13:24–34.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Delaire J. Betrachtungen über die Wachstumszunahme der Prärnaxilla beim Menschen. Fortschr Kieferorthop 1976;37:167–83.
   Google Scholar
• Haskell BS, Farman AG. Exploitation of the residual premaxil-lary-maxillary suture site in maxillary protraction. An hypothesis. Angle Orthod 1985;55:108–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Markus AF, Delaire J, Smith WP. Facial balance in cleft lip and palate. I. Normal development and cleft palate. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1992;30:287–95.
   Google Scholar
• Smith WP, Markus AF, Delaire J. Primary closure of the cleft alveolus: a functional approach. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1995;33:156–65.
   Google Scholar
• Ross RB, Johnston MC. Cleft lip and palate. Baltimore (MD): Williams & Wilkins; 1972. p. 99–205.
   Google Scholar
• Melsen B, Melsen F. The postnatal development of the palatomaxillary region studied on human autopsy material. Am J Orthod 1982;82:329–42.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sejrsen B, Kjaer I, Jakobsen J. Human palatal growth evaluated on medieval crania using nerve canal openings as references. Am J Phys Anthropol 1996;99:603–11.
   Google Scholar
• Björk A, Skieller V. Growth of the maxilla in three dimensions as revealed radiographically by the implant method. Br J Orthod 1977;4:53–64.
   Google Scholar
• Enlow DH. Handbook of facial growth. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 1982. p. 157.
   Google Scholar
• Melsen B. Palatal growth studied on human autopsy material. A histologic microradiographic study. Am J Orthod 1975;68:42–54.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Skieller V. Expansion of the midpalatal suture by removable plates analysed by the implant method. Trans Eur Othod Soc 1964:143–57.
   Google Scholar
• Björk A, Skieller V. Growth in width of the maxilla studied by the implant method. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg 1974;8:26–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friede H. The vomero-premaxillary suture-a neglected growth site in mid-facial development of unilateral cleft lip and palate patients. Cleft Palate J 1978;15:398–404.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Friede H. Studies on facial morphology and growth in bilateral cleft lip and palate [thesis]. Goteborg: Goteborg University; 1977. p. 16.
   Google Scholar
• Latham RA. Maxillary development and growth: the septo-premaxillary ligament. J Anat 1970;107:471–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Markus AF, Smith WP, Delaire J. Primary closure of cleft palate: a functional approach. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1993;31:71–7.
   Google Scholar
• Graber TM. The congenital cleft palate deformity. J Am Dent Assoc 1954;48:375•95.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brophy TW. Cleft lip and palate. J Am Dent Assoc 1927;14: 1108–15.
   Google Scholar
• Slaughter WB, Brodie AG. Facial clefts and their surgical management in view of recent research. Plast Reconstr Surg 1949; 4:311–32.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jolleys A. A review of the results of operations on cleft palates with reference to maxillary growth and speech function. Br J Plast Surg 1954;7:229–41.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Markus AF, Delaire J, Smith WP. Facial balance in cleft lip and palate. II. Cleft lip and palate and secondary deformities. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1992;30:296–304.
   Google Scholar
• Precious DS, Delaire J. Clinical observations of cleft lip and palate. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1993;75:141–51.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Joos U. Skeletal growth after muscular reconstruction for cleft lip, alveolus, and palate. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1995;33:139–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capelozza Filho L, Correa Normando AD, Da Silva Filho OG. Isolated influences of cleft lip and palate surgery on facial growth: comparison of operated and unoperated male adults with UCLP. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 1996;33:51–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ross RB. Treatment variables affecting facial growth in unilateral cleft lip and palate. 4. Repair of the cleft lip. Cleft Plate J 1987;24:45–53.
   Google Scholar
• Narula JK, Ross RB. Facial growth in children with bilateral cleft lip and palate. Cleft Palate J 1970;7:239–48.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Friede H, Pruzansky S. Longitudinal study of growth in bilateral cleft lip and palate, from infancy to adolescence. Plast Reconstr Surg 1972;49:392–403.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Handelman CS, Pruzansky S. Occlusion and dental profile with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate. Angle Orthod 1968;38:
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heidbu�chel KLWM, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM, Freihofer HPM. Facial growth in patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate: a cephalometric study. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 1994;31:210–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pruzansky S. The growth of the premaxillary-vomerine complex in bilateral cleft lip and palate. Tandlaegebladet 1971;75:1157–69
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Friede H, Morgan P. Growth of the vomero-premaxillary suture in children with bilateral deft lip and palate. Scand J Plast
   Google Scholar
• Friede H, Pruzansky S. Long-term effects of premaxillary setback on facial skeletal profile in complete bilateral cleft lip and palate. Cleft Palate J 1985;22:97–105.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Millard DR Jr, Latham RA. Improved primary surgical and dental treatment of clefts. Plast Reconstr Surg 1990;86:856–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berkowitz S. A comparison of treatment results in complete bilateral cleft lip and palate using a conservative approach versus Millard-Latham PSOT procedure. Semin Orthod 1996;2:169–84.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Friede H, Johanson B. Adolescent facial morphology of early bone-grafted deft lip and palate patients. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg 1982;16:41–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brattström V, McWilliam J, Larson 0, Semb G. Craniofacial development in children with unilateral clefts of the lip, alveolus, and palate treated according to four different regimes. Scand J Plast Reconstr Hand Surg 1991;25:259–67.
   Google Scholar
• Ross RB. Treatment variables affecting facial growth in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate. 3. Alveolus repair and bone graft-ing. Cleft Palate J 1987;24:33–53.
   Google Scholar
• Friede H, Johanson B. A follow-up study of children treated with primary bone grafting. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg 1974;8:88–103.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PrydsO U, Holm PCA, Dahl E, Fogh-Andersen P. Bone forma-tion in palatal clefts subsequent to palato-vomer plasty. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg 1974;8:73–8.
   Google Scholar
• Molsted K, Palmberg A, Dahl E, Fogh-Andersen P. Malocclu-sion in complete unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate. The results of a change in the surgical procedure. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg 1987;21:81–5.
   Google Scholar
• Ross RB. The clinical implications of facial growth in deft lip and palate. Cleft Palate J 1970;7:37–47.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Owman-Moll P, Katsaros C, Friede H. Development of the residual cleft in the hard palate after velar repair in a two-stage palatal repair regimen. J Orofac Orthop 1998;59:286–300.
   Google Scholar
• Friede H, Persson E-C, Lilja J, Elander A, Lohmander-Agerskov A, Söderpalm E. Maxillary dental arch and occlusion in patients with repaired clefts of the secondary palate. Scand J Plast Reconstr Hand Surg 1993;27:297-305. 0
   Google Scholar
• Friede H, Enemark H, Semb G, Paulin G, Abyholm F, Bolund S, et al. Craniofacial and occlusal characteristics in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients from four Scandinavian centres. Scand J Plast Reconstr Hand Surg 1991;25:269–76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perko MA. Two-stage closure of cleft palate. J Maxillofac Surg 1979;7:76–80.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leenstra TS, Kohama G-I, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM, Freihofer HPM. Supraperiosteal flap technique versus mucoperiosteal flap technique in cleft palate surgery. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 1996; 33:501–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stenström S, Thilander B. Management of cleft palate cases using a modified Dunn procedure with skin graft to vomer flaps. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg 1974;8:67–72.
   Google Scholar
• Tanino R, Akamatsu T, Nishimura M, Miyasaka M, Osada M. The influence of different types of hard-palate closure in two-stage palatoplasty on maxillary growth: cephalometric analyses and long-term follow-up. Ann Plast Surg 1997;39:245–53.
   Google Scholar
• Lilja J, Friede H, Johanson B. Changing philosophy of surgery of the cleft lip and palate in Goteborg, Sweden. In: Berkowitz S, editor. Cleft lip and palate. Vol II. San Diego (CA): Singular Publishing Group; 1996. p. 155–70.
   Google Scholar