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The American Statistician Volume 23, 1969 - Issue 4
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Original Articles

Approximate Formulae for Bias and Variance of Ratios

H. Fairfield Smith University of Connecticut, USA
Pages 29-31 | Published online: 05 Apr 2012

References

  • Cochran , W. G. 1963 . Sampling Techniques , 2nd ed. , Wiley . Sec. 6.4
  • Hartley , H. O. and Ross , A. 1954 . Unbiased ratio estimates . Nature , 174 : 270 – 1 .
  • Koop , J. C. 1968 . An exercise in ratio estimation . Am. Stat. , 22 ( 1 ) : 21 – 30 .
  • Smith , H. F. 1969 . Class limits and midpoints Submitted to Am. Stat.
  • Sukhatme , P. V. 1954 . Sampling theory of surveys , Iowa State Coll. Press . Chap. IV

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