Treatment Heterogeneity and Individual Qualitative Interaction

REFERENCES

• Balaam , L. N. 1968 . A Two-Period Design With t 2 Experimental Units . Biometrics , 24 : 61 – 73 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown , B. W. 1980 . The Crossover Experiment for Clinical Trials . Biometrics , 36 : 69 – 79 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byar , D. P. and Corle , D. K. 1977 . Selecting Optimal Treatment in Clinical Trials Using Covariate Information . Journal of Chronic Diseases , 30 : 445 – 459 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Darwin , C. 1871 . On the Origin of Species () , 5th ed. , New York : D. Appleton and Company .
   Google Scholar
• Endrenyi , L. and Tothfalusi , L. 1999 . Subject-by-Formulation Interaction in Determinations of Individual Bioequivalence: Bias and Prevalence . Pharmaceutical Research , 16 : 186 – 190 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fan , Y. and Park , S. S. 2009 . “ Partial Identification of the Distribution of Treatment Effects and its Confidence Sets ” . In Nonparametric Econometric Methods (Advances in Econometrics, Volume 25) , Edited by: Li , Qi and Racine , Jeffrey . 3 – 70 . Bingley, UK : Emerald .
   Google Scholar
• Fan , Y. 2010 . Sharp Bounds on the Distribution of Treatment Effects and Their Statistical Inference . Econometric Theory , 26 : 931 – 951 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gadbury , G. 2001 . Randomization Inference and Bias of Standard Errors . The American Statistician , 55 : 310 – 313 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gadbury , G. 2010 . “ Subject-Treatment Interaction ” . In Encyclopedia of Biopharmaceutical Statistics, Third Edition, Revised and Expanded , Edited by: Chow , Shein-Chung . 1316 – 1321 . London : Informa Healthcare .
   Google Scholar
• Gadbury , G. L. and Iyer , H. K. 2000 . Unit-Treatment Interaction and Its Practical Consequences . Biometrics , 56 : 882 – 885 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gadbury , G. L. , Iyer , H. K. and Allison , D. B. 2001 . Evaluating Subject-Treatment Interaction When Comparing Two Treatments . Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics , 11 : 313 – 333 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gail , M. and Simon , R. 1985 . Testing for Qualitative Interactions Between Treatment Effects and Patient Subsets . Biometrics , 41 : 361 – 372 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gastwirth , J. L. 1975 . Statistical Measures of Earnings Differentials . The American Statistician , 29 : 32 – 35 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hauck , W. W. , Hyslop , T. , Mei-Ling , C. , Patnaik , R. and Williams , R. L. 2000 . Subject-by-Formulation Interaction in Bioequivalence: Conceptual and Statistical Issues . Pharmaceutical Research , 17 : 375 – 380 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holland , P. W. 1986 . Statistics and Causal Inference . Journal of the American Statistical Association , 81 : 945 – 960 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu , J. , Redden , D. T. , Berrettini , W. H. , Shields , P. G. , Restine , S. L. , Pinto , A. , Lerman , C. and Allison , D. B. 2006 . No Evidence for a Major Role of Polymorphisms During Bupropion Treatment . Obesity (Silver Spring) , 14 : 1863 – 1867 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Inman , H. F. and Bradley , E. L. 1989 . The Overlapping Coefficient as a Measure of Agreement Between Probability Distributions and Point Estimation of the Overlap of Two Normal Densities . Communications in Statistics: Theory and Methods , 18 : 3851 – 3874 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inoue , J. , Hoshino , R. , Nojima , H. , Ishida , W. and Okamoto , N. 2010 . Investigation of Responders and Non-Responders to Long-Term Donepezil Treatment . Psychogeriatrics , 10 ( 2 ) : 53 – 61 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Li , J. and Chan , I. S. F. 2006 . Detecting Qualitative Interactions in Clinical Trials: An Extension of Range Test . Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics , 16 : 831 – 841 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Longford , N. T. 1999 . Selection Bias and Treatment Heterogeneity in Clinical Trials . Statistics in Medicine , 18 : 1467 – 1474 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lucretius . “On the Nature of Things,” . Available at http://classics.mit.edu/Carus/nature_things.4.iv.html.
   Google Scholar
• Maki , K. C. , Rains , T. M. , Kaden , V. N. , Raneri , K. R. and Davidson , M. H. 2007 . Effects of a Reduced-Glycemic-Load Diet on Body Weight, Body Composition, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Markers in Overweight and Obese Adults . American Journal of Clinical Nutrition , 85 : 724 – 734 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marchant , G. E. 2001 . Genetics and Toxic Torts . Seton Hall Law Review , 31 : 949
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Marchant , G. E. 2010 . “Genetics and Toxic Torts,” . Available at http://www.law.asu.edu/files/Programs/Sci-Tech/Commentaries/Marchant%20Formatted.rev.doc.
   Google Scholar
• Marshall , A. 1997 . Laying the Foundations for Personalized Medicines,” . Nature Biotechnology , 15 : 954 – 957 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayor , S. 2010 . NICE Recommends Widening Choice of Biological Drugs for Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis . BMJ , 340 : 3477
   Google Scholar
• Peto , R. 1982 . Statistical Aspects of Cancer Trials , London : Chapman and Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Rom , D. M. and Hwang , E. 1996 . Testing for Individual and Population Equivalence Based on the Proportion of Similar Responses . Statistics in Medicine , 15 : 1489 – 1505 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roses , A. D. 2000 . Pharmacokinetics and the Practice of Medicine . Nature , 405 : 857 – 865 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubin , D. B. 1974 . Estimating Causal Effects for Treatments in Randomized and Nonrandomized Studies . Journal of Educational Psychology , 66 : 688 – 701 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senn , S. 1997 . Letter to the Editor on “Testing for Individual and Population Equivalence Based on the Proportion of Similar Responses . Statistics in Medicine , 16 : 1301 – 1306 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Senn , S. 2001 . Individual Therapy: New Dawn or False Dawn? . Drug Information Journal , 35 : 1479 – 1494 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senn , S. 2006a . Cross-Over Trials in Statistics in Medicine: The First ‘25’ Years . Statistics in Medicine , 25 : 3430 – 3442 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senn , S. 2006b . Letter to the Editor on “Probability Index: An Intuitive Non-Parametric Approach to Measuring the Size of Treatment Effects . Statistics in Medicine , 25 : 3944 – 3948 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silvapulle , M. J. 2001 . Tests for Qualitative Interaction: Exact Critical Values and Robust Tests . Biometrics , 57 : 1157 – 1165 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simon , R. 1982 . Patient Subsets and Variation in Therapeutic Efficacy . British Journal of Pharmacology , 14 : 473 – 482 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , C. M. 2005 . Origin and Uses of Primum Non Nocere—Above All, Do No Harm! . Journal of Clinical Pharmacology , 45 : 371 – 377 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stine , R. A. and Heyse , J. F. 2001 . Non-Parametric Estimates of Overlap . Statistics in Medicine , 20 : 215 – 236 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang , M. and Stufken , J. 2008 . Optimal and Efficient Crossover Designs for Comparing Test Treatments to a Control Treatment Under Various Models . Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference , 138 : 278 – 285 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar