263
Views
20
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY

Determination of Cd, Cu, Ni, and Pb in Black Tea from Saudi Arabia using Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry after Microwave-Assisted Acid Digestion

, , &
Pages 2089-2100 | Received 28 Dec 2012, Accepted 26 Feb 2013, Published online: 26 Aug 2013

REFERENCES

  • Achudume , A. C. , and D. Owoeye . 2010 . Quantitative assessment of heavy metals in some tea marketed in Nigeria . Health 2 : 1097 – 1100 .
  • Al-Oud , S. S. 2003 . Heavy metal contents in tea and herb leaves . Pakistan J. Boil. Sci. 6 : 208 – 212 .
  • Ashraf , W. , and A. A. Mian . 2008. Levels of selected heavy metals in black tea varieties consumed in Saudi Arabia. Bull. Environ. Toxicol. 81: 101–104.
  • Becker-Ross , H. , S. Florek , U. Heitmann , M. D. Huang , M. Okruss , and B. Radziuk . 2006 . Continuum source atomic absorption spectrometry and detector technology: A historical perspective . Spectrochim. Acta B 61 : 1015 – 1030 .
  • Citak , D. , and M. Tuzen . 2010 . A novel preconcentration procedure using cloud point extraction for determination of lead, cobalt and copper in water and food samples using flame atomic absorption spectrometry . Food Chem. Toxicol. 48 : 1399 – 1404 .
  • Desideri , D. , M. A. Meli , C. Roselli , and L. Feduzi . 2011 . Polarized X ray fluorescence spectrometer (EDPXRF) for the determination of essential and non essential elements in tea . Microchem. J. 98 : 186 – 189 .
  • Fernandez-Caceres , P. , M. J. Martin , M. Pablos , and A. G. Gonzalez . 2001 . Differentiation of tea (Camellia sinensis) varieties and their geographical origin according to their metal content . J. Agr. Food Chem. 49 : 4775 – 4779 .
  • Fernández , P. L. , F. Pablos , M. J. Martín , and A. G. González . 2002 . Multi-element analysis of tea beverages by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry . Food Chem. 76 : 483 – 489 .
  • Filgueiras , A. V. , J. L. Capelo , I. Lavilla , and C. Bendicho . 2000 . Comparison of ultrasound-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted digestion for determination of magnesium, manganese and zinc in plant samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry . Talanta 53 : 433 – 441 .
  • Heitmann , U. , M. Schütz , H. Becker-Ross , and S. Florek . 1996 . Measurements of the Zeeman-splitting of analytical lines by means of a continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer with a linear charge coupled device array . Spectrochim. Acta Part B 51 : 1095 – 1105 .
  • Kendüzler , E. , and A. R. Türker . 2003 . Atomic absorption spectrophotometric determination of trace copper in waters, aluminium foil and tea samples after preconcentration with 1-nitroso-2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid on Ambersorb 572 . Anal. Chim. Acta 480 : 259 – 266 .
  • Kumar , A. , A. G. C. Nair , A. V. R. Reddy , and A. N. Garg . 2005 . Availability of essential elements in Indian and US tea brands . Food Chem. 89 : 441 – 448 .
  • Lemos , V. A. , E. M. Gama , and A. S. Lima . 2006 . On-line preconcentration and determination of cadmium, cobalt and nickel in food samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry using a new functionalized resin . Microchim. Acta 153 : 179 – 186 .
  • Mandiwana , K. L. , N. Panichev , and S. Pancheva . 2011 . Determination of chromium(VI) in black, green and herbal teas . Food Chem. 129 : 1839 – 1843 .
  • Marcos , A. , A. Fisher , G. Rea , and S. J. Hill . 1998 . Preliminary study using trace element concentrations and a chemometrics approach to determine the geographical origin of tea . J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 13 : 521 – 525 .
  • Matsuura , H. , A. Hokura , F. Katsuki , and A. Itoh . 2001 . Multielement determination and speciation of major-to-trace elements in black tea leaves by ICP-AES and ICP-MS with the aid of size exclusion chromatography . Anal. Sci. 17 : 391 – 398 .
  • Mehra , A. , P. Lynch , S. Saikat , and L. Chan . 2013 . Trace elements in tea (Camellia sinensis) and their bioavailability. In Tea in Health and Disease Prevention, ed. V. R. Preedy . Elsevier, 257 – 274 .
  • Morés , S. , G. C. Monteiro , F. S. Santos , E. Carasek , and B. Welz . 2011 . Determination of fluorine in tea using high-resolution molecular absorption spectrometry with electrothermal vaporization of the calcium mono-fluoride CaF . Talanta 85 : 2681 – 2685 .
  • Narin , I. , H. Colak , O. Turkoglu , M. Soylak , and M. Dogan . 2004 . Heavy metals in black tea samples produced in Turkey . Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 72 : 844 – 849 .
  • Narin , I. , and M. Soylak . 2003. Enrichment and determinations of nickel(II), cadmium(II), copper(II), cobalt(II) and lead(II) ions in natural waters, table salts, tea and urine samples as pyrrolydine dithiocarbamate chelates by membrane filtration–flame atomic absorption spectrometry combination. Anal. Chim. Acta 493: 205–212.
  • Powell , J. J. , T. J. Burden , and R. P. H. Thompson . 1998 . In vitro mineral availability from digested tea: A rich dietary source of manganese . Analyst. 123 : 1721 – 1724 .
  • Rao , R. N. , and M. V. N. K. Talluri . 2007 . An overview of recent applications of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in determination of inorganic impurities in drugs and pharmaceuticals . J. Pharmaceut. Biomed. Anal. 43 : 1 – 13 .
  • Seenivasan , S. , N. Manikandan , N. N. Muraleedharan , and R. Selvasundaram . 2008 . Heavy metal content of black teas from south India . Food Control. 19 : 746 – 749 .
  • Shaltout , A. A. , B. Welz , and M. Ibrahim . 2011 . Influence of the grain size on the quality of standardless WDXRF analysis of river Nile sediments . Microchem. J. 99 : 356 – 363 .
  • Shaltout , A. A. , M. M. Gomma , and M. Wahbe . 2012/1 . Utilization of standardless analysis algorithms using WDXRF and XRD for Egyptian iron ores identification . X-Ray Spectrom. 14 : 355 – 362 .
  • Shaltout , A. A. , M. A. Moharram , and N. Y. Mostafa . 2012/2 . WDXRF analysis using fundamental parameter approach of Catha edulis and other related plant leaves having high content of hyrdroxyapatite . Spectrochim. Acta B 67 : 74 – 78 .
  • Sofuoglu , S. C. , and P. Kavcar . 2008 . An exposure and risk assessment for fluoride and trace metals in black tea . J. Hazard. Mater. 158 : 392 – 400 .
  • Soylak , M. , M. Tuzen , A. S. Souza , M. G. A. Korn , and S. L. C. Ferreira . 2007 . Optimization of microwave assisted digestion procedure for the determination of zinc, copper and nickel in tea samples employing flame atomic absorption spectrometry . J. Hazard. Mater. 149 : 264 – 268 .
  • Szymczycha-Madeja , A. , M. Welna , and P. Pohl . 2012 . Elemental analysis of teas and their infusions by spectrometric methods . TrAC-Trend Anal. Chem. 35 : 165 – 181 .
  • The Commission of the European Communities, Commission regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 of 19 December 2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs, http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/food_safety/contamination_environmental_factors/l21290_en.htm (accessed in 27 January 2013) .
  • Welz , B. , H. Becker-Ross , S. Florek , and U. Heitmann . 2005 . High-Resolution Continuum Source AAS . Weinheim : Wiley-VCH .
  • Welz , B. , and M. Sperling . 1999 . Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, , 3rd edn. Weinheim , Germany : Wiley-VCH .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.