358
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
NANOTECHNOLOGY

The Influence of Deposition Rate on the Structure and Morphology of Gold/Silicon(111) Growth by Molecular Beam Epitaxy

, &
Pages 400-410 | Received 01 Sep 2014, Accepted 09 Feb 2015, Published online: 15 Dec 2015

References

  • Arthur, J. R. 2002. Molecular beam epitaxy. Surface Science 500: 189–217. doi:10.1016/s0039-6028(01)01525-4
  • Bokhonov, B., and M. Korchagin. 2000. In situ investigation of stage of the formation of eutectic alloys in Si–Au and Si–Al systems. Journal of Alloys Compounds 312: 238–50. doi:10.1016/s0925-8388(00)01173-7
  • Campbell, C. T. 1997. Ultrathin metal films and particles on oxide surfaces: Structural, electronic and chemisorptive properties. Surface Science Reports 27: 1–111. doi:10.1016/s0167-5729(96)00011-8
  • Cho, A. Y., and J. R. Arthur. 1975. Molecular beam epitaxy. Progress in Solid State Chemistry 10: 157–91. doi:10.1016/0079-6786(75)90005-9
  • Cullity, B. D. 1978. Elements of X-ray diffraction. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley Publishing.
  • Frank, F. C., and J. H. van der Merwe. 1949. One-dimensional dislocations. I. Static theory. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 198: 205–16. doi:10.1098/rspa.1949.0095
  • Hasegawa, S., Y. Nagai, T. Oonishi, and S. Ino. 1993. Hysteresis in phase transitions at clean and Au-covered Si(111) surfaces. Physical Review B 47: 9903–06. doi:10.1103/physrevb.47.9903
  • Hasegawa, T., K. Takata, S. Hosaka, and S. Hosoki. 1991. Initial stage of Au adsorption onto a Si(111) surface studied by scanning tunneling microscopy. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B 9: 758. doi:10.1116/1.585549
  • Kalita, P. K. R., B. K. Sarma, and H. L. Das. 2000. Structural characterization of vacuum evaporated ZnSe thin films. Bulletin of Materials Science 23: 313–17. doi:10.1007/bf02720089
  • Klages, S., M. Schöck, C. Sürgers, and H. v. Löhneysen. 2004. Electronic transport in ultrathin gold films on Si(111). Journal of Low Temperature Physics 137: 509–22. doi:10.1023/b:jolt.0000049068.94956.26
  • Lee, W.-S., and F.-J. Fong. 2008. Microstructural study of annealed gold–silicon thin films under nanoindentation. Materials Science and Engineering: A 475: 319–26. doi:10.1016/j.msea.2007.04.083
  • Li, N., D. Allan, and G. Y. Liu. 1997. In situ STM study of thermal annealing of Au thin films: An investigation on decay of nanometer Au clusters and 2D islands. Acta Physica Sinica 6(7): 531–549.
  • Love, J. C., L. A. Estroff, J. K. Kriebel, R. G. Nuzzo, and G. M. Whitesides. 2005. Self-assembled monolayers of thiolates on metals as a form of nanotechnology. ChemInform 36: 1103–69. doi:10.1002/chin.200532281
  • Maeder, M., A. Ramírez, and A. Zehe. 1999. A RHEED study of as-received and atomically clean silicon surfaces in UHV-environment. Superficies y Vacío 9: 242–44.
  • Marconi, D., and A. Ungurean. 2014. The effect of substrate temperature on structural and morphological properties of Au/Si(111) thin films. Applied Surface Science 288: 166–71. doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.10.001
  • Nakhei, F. M., and A. Bahari. 2009. Topography measurement of nano silicon oxide film. International Journal of Physical Sciences 4: 290–93.
  • Okamoto, H., and H. Nejo. 1998. Atomically flat gold film surfaces deposited on Si (111) surfaces at room temperature. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B 16: 3013–14. doi:10.1116/1.590334
  • Pasa, A. A., H. Paes, and W. Losch. 1992. Au/Si interface: Experiments on substrate influence. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 10: 374–80. doi:10.1116/1.578059
  • Pedersen, K., T. B. Kristensen, T. G. Pedersen, T. Jensen, P. Morgen, Z. Li, and S. V. Hoffmann. 2003. Characterisation of Au films on Si(111) √3 x √3-Au by photoemission and optical second-harmonic generation. Surface Science 523: 21–29. doi:10.1016/s0039-6028(02)02348-8
  • Radhakrishnan, R., I. I. Suni, C. S. Bever, and B. D. Hammock. 2014. Impedance biosensors: Applications to sustainability and remaining technical challenges. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 2: 1649–55. doi:10.1021/sc500106y
  • Ramsden, J. J. 2011. Nanotechnology. An introduction. Oxford, UK: William Andrew.
  • Ruffino, F., and M. G. Grimaldi. 2010. Atomic force microscopy study of the growth mechanisms of nanostructured sputtered Au film on Si(111): Evolution with film thickness and annealing time. Journal of Applied Physics 107: 104321. doi:10.1063/1.3428467
  • Ruffino, F., V. Torrisi, G. Marletta, and M. Grimaldi. 2011. Atomic force microscopy investigation of the kinetic growth mechanisms of sputtered nanostructured Au film on mica: Towards a nanoscale morphology control. Nanoscale Research Letters 6: 112. doi:10.1186/1556-276x-6-112
  • Schmidt, W. G., F. Bechstedt, and G. P. Srivastava. 1996. Adsorption of group-V elements on III-V(1 1 0) surfaces. Surface Science Reports 25: 141–223. doi:10.1016/s0167-5729(96)00006-4
  • Shukrynau, P., P. Mutombo, M. Švec, M. Hietschold, and V. Cháb. 2012. Tantalum induced butterfly-like clusters on Si (111)-7 × 7 surface: STM/STS study at low coverage. Surface Science 606: 356–61. doi:10.1016/j.susc.2011.10.017
  • Silva, A., K. Pedersen, L. Diekhöner, P. Morgen, and Z. Li. 2007. Ordered Au(111) layers on Si(111). Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 25: 908–11. doi:10.1116/1.2715964
  • Stranski, I. N., and L. Krastanov. 1937. Zur Theorie der orientierten Ausscheidung von Ionenkristallen aufeinander. Monatshefte für Chemie und verwandte Teile anderer Wissenschaften 71: 351–64. doi:10.1007/bf01798103
  • Taleb-Ibrahimi, A., C. A. Sebenne, and F. Proix. 1986. Effect of annealing on the structural and electronic properties of Au covered Si(111) surfaces. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A4: 2331–36. doi:10.1116/1.574072
  • Ulman, A. 1996. Formation and structure of self-assembled monolayers. Chemical Reviews 96: 1533–54. doi:10.1021/cr9502357
  • Volmer, M., and A. Weber. 1926. Keimbildung in ubersattigten Gebilden. Zeitschrift Fur Physikalische Chemie 119: 277–301.
  • Vook, R. W., and B. Oral. 1987. The epitaxy of gold. Gold Bulletin 20: 13–20. doi:10.1007/bf03214654
  • Wang, Y.-L., H.-M. Guo, Z.-H. Qin, H.-F. Ma, and H.-J. Gao. 2008. Toward a detailed understanding of Si(111)-7 × 7 surface and adsorbed Ge nanostructures: Fabrications, structures, and calculations. Journal of Nanomaterials 2008: 1–18. doi:10.1155/2008/874213
  • Williamson, G. K., and R. E. Smallman. 1956. III. Dislocation densities in some annealed and cold-worked metals from measurements on the X-ray Debye-Scherrer spectrum. Philosophical Magazine 1: 34–46. doi:10.1080/14786435608238074
  • Young, T. F., J. F. Chang, and H. Y. Ueng. 1998. Study on annealing effects of Au thin films on Si. Thin Solid Films 322: 319–22. doi:10.1016/s0040-6090(97)01008-0
  • Zhang, R., and H. Olin. 2014. Porous gold films – a short review on recent progress. Materials 7: 3834–54. doi:10.3390/ma7053834

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.