Metabolic Profiling of Aliphatic, hydroxy, and Methyl-Branched Fatty Acids in Human Plasma by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

References

• Aungst, B. J. 1989. Structure/effect studies of fatty acid isomers as skin penetration enhancers and skin irritants. Pharmaceutical Research 6 (3):244–7. doi:10.1023/A:1015921702258
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calder, P. C. 2005. Polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammation. Biochemical Society Transactions 33 (2):423–7. doi:10.1042/BST0330423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carballeira, N. M., C. Miranda, C. M. Lozano, J. T. Nechev, A. Ivanova, K. Stefanov, M. Ilieva, and I. Tzvetkova. 2001. Characterization of novel methyl-branched chain fatty acids from a halophilic bacillus species. Journal of Natural Products 64 (2):256–9. doi:10.1016/j.urolonc.2010.04.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costa, C. G., L. Dorland, U. Holwerda, I. T. de Almeida, B. T. Poll-The, C. Jakobs, and M. Duran. 1998. Simultaneous analysis of plasma free fatty acids and their 3-hydroxy analogs in fatty acid beta-oxidation disorders. Clinical Chemistry 44 (3):463–71 (PMID: 9510849).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cropp, T. A., A. A. Smogowicz, E. W. Hafner, C. D. Denoya, H. A. I. McArthur, and Kevin A. Reynolds. 2000. Fatty-acid biosynthesis in a branched-chain α -keto acid dehydrogenase mutant of Streptomyces avermitilis. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 46 (6):506–14. doi:10.1139/cjm-46-6-506
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dan, P., S. Edvardson, J. Bielawski, H. Hama, and A. Saada. 2011. 2-Hydroxylated sphingomyelin profiles in cells from patients with mutated fatty acid 2-hydroxylase. Lipids in Health and Disease 10 (1):84. doi:10.1186/1476-511X-10-84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferrando, R., B. Szponar, A. Sánchez, L. Larsson, and P. L. Valero-Guillén. 2005. 3-Hydroxy fatty acids in saliva as diagnostic markers in chronic periodontitis. Journal of Microbiological Methods 62 (3):285–91. doi:10.1016/j.mimet.2005.04.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frayn, K. N. 2005. Obesity and metabolic disease: Is adipose tissue the culprit? Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 64 (1):7–13. doi:10.1079/PNS2004403
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hradec, J., and P. Dufek. 1994. Determination of cholesteryl 14-methylhexadecanoate in blood serum by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 660 (2):386–9. doi:10.1016/0378-4347(94)00292-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenske, R., and W. Vetter. 2008. Gas chromatography/electron-capture negative ion mass spectrometry for the quantitative determination of 2-and 3-hydroxy fatty acids in bovine milk fat. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 56 (14):5500–5. doi:10.1021/jf800647w
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, P. M., and M. J. Bennett. 2011. Clinical applications of 3-hydroxy fatty acid analysis by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids 1811 (11):657–62. doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.06.026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, S. L., P. Drouin, B. J. Wilkinson, and P. D. Morse. 2002. Correlation of long-range membrane order with temperature-dependent growth characteristics of parent and a cold-sensitive, branched-chain-fatty-acid-deficient mutant of listeria monocytogenes. Archives of Microbiology 177 (3):217–22. doi:10.1007/s00203-001-0380-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaur, S., M. Sarkar, R. B. Srivastava, H. K. Gogoi, and M. C. Kalita. 2012. Fatty acid profiling and molecular characterization of some freshwater microalgae from India with potential for biodiesel production. New Biotechnology 29 (3):332–44. doi:10.1016/j.nbt.2011.10.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kniazeva, M., Q. T. Crawford, M. Seiber, C.-Y. Wang, and M. Han. 2004. Monomethyl branched-chain fatty acids play an essential role in Caenorhabditis elegans development. PLoS Biology 2 (9): e257. doi:10.1101/gad.1692008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, A. K. Y., C. K. Chan, M. Fang, and A. P. S. Lau. 2004. The 3-hydroxy fatty acids as biomarkers for quantification and characterization of endotoxins and gram-negative bacteria in atmospheric aerosols in Hongkong. Atmospheric Environment 38 (37):6307–17. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.08.013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lobo, S., B. M. Wiczer, A. J. Smith, A. M. Hall, and D. A. Bernlohr. 2007. Fatty acid metabolism in adipocytes: Functional analysis of fatty acid transport proteins 1 and 4. Journal of Lipid Research 48 (3):609–20. doi:10.1194/jlr.M600441-JLR200
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mizutani, Y., A. Kihara, H. Chiba, H. Tojo, and Y. Igarashi. 2008. 2-Hydroxy-ceramide synthesis by ceramide synthase family: Enzymatic basis for the preference of FA chain length. Journal of Lipid Research 49 (11):2356–64. doi:10.1194/jlr.M800158-JLR200
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagai, K.-I., N. Takahashi, T. Moue, and Y. Niimura. 2011. Alteration of fatty acid molecular species in ceramide and glucosylceramide under heat stress and expression of sphingolipid-related genes. Advances in Biological Chemistry 1 (3):35. doi:10.4236/abc.2011.13006
   Google Scholar
• Paik, M.-J., W. Y. Li, Y. H. Ahn, P. H. Lee, S. Choi, K. R. Kim, Y. M. Kim, O. Y. Bang, and G. Lee. 2009. The free fatty acid metabolome in cerebral ischemia following human mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in rats. Clinica Chimica Acta 402 (1):25–30. doi:10.1016/j.cca.2008.12.022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paik, M.-J., K.-H. Park, J.-J. Park, K.-R. Kim, Y.-H. Ahn, G.-T. Shin, and G. Lee. 2007. Patterns of plasma fatty acids in rat models with adenovirus infection. BMB Reports 40 (1):119–24. doi:10.5483/BMBRep.2007.40.1.119
   Google Scholar
• Seo, C., J. Yoon, Y. Rhee, J.-J. Kim, S.-J. Nam, W. Lee, G. Lee, S.-T. Yee, and M.-J. Paik. 2015. Simultaneous analysis of seven 2-hydroxy fatty acids as tert-butyldimethylsilyl derivatives in plasma by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Biomedical Chromatography 29 (1):156–60. doi:10.1002/bmc.3251
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szponar, B., E. Norin, T. Midtvedt, and L. Larsson. 2002. Limitations in the use of 3-hydroxy fatty acid analysis to determine endotoxin in mammalian samples. Journal of Microbiological Methods 50 (3):283–9. doi:10.1016/S0167-7012(02)00038-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Youdim, K. A., A. Martin, and J. A. Joseph. 2000. Essential fatty acids and the brain: Possible health implications. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience 18 (4):383–99. doi:10.1016/S0736-5748(00)00013-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, L., P. Li, X. Sun, W. Hu, X. Wang, Q. Zhang, and X. Ding. 2014. Untargeted fatty acid profiles based on the selected ion monitoring mode. Analytica Chimica Acta 839:44–50. doi:10.1016/j.aca.2014.06.040
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar