- Hypotheses because there is a need to distinguish a multiple atomic weights hypothesis from a unity of matter hypothesis. See my Dalton versus Prout: The Problem of Prout's Hypotheses John Dalton and the Progress of Science Cardwell D.S.L. Manchester 1968 240 258 in
- Brock , W.H. 1965 . The Life and Work of William Prout . Medical History , 9 : 101 – 126 .
- 1810 . De Facultate Sentiendi Edinburgh unsigned, but in Prout's handwriting. The essay is in English apart from the title-page which is laid out like a dissertation. I should like to thank Lt.-Col. P. E. H. Warner, the present owner of the manuscript, for allowing me to make the transcription.
- 1811 . De febribus intermittentibus Edinburgh 27 pp. See Brock, op. cit., p. 103.
- Veitch , John . 1858 . “ Memoir of Dugald Stewart ” . In Collected Works of Dugald Stewart Edited by: Hamilton , W. Vol. x , xxxviii – xxxviii . Edinburgh in (reprinted as D. Stewart, Biographical Memoir of Adam Smith, Adam Smith Library, N.Y., 1966).
- Grave , S.A. 1960 . The Scottish Philosophy of Common Sense Oxford
- Stewart , D. 1792 . Elements of the Philosophy of the Human Mind Edited by: Wright , G.N. 50 – 50 . Edinburgh Part I London, 1843
- Prout . Sentiendi , ii – ii .
- For orientation on chemical vitalism in the nineteenth century see Jacques J. Revue d'histoire des sciences 1950 3 32 66 T. O. Lipmann, J. Chemical Education, 1964, 41, 452–454; B. Jørgensen, ibid., 1965, 42, 394–397.
- Prout , W. 1816 . Annals Medicine and Surgery , 1 : 17 – 17 . and Medical Gazette, 1831, 8, 261. See W. Heberden, Commentaries on the History and Cure of Diseases, London, 1802, p. 8 (reprinted, New York, 1962).
- Ferguson , J.W. “ James Harris ” . In Imperial Dictionary of Universal Biography Vol. viii , 825 – 826 . London 14 vols. n.d. Hermes was translated into French in 1796 by F. Thurot (Nouvelle Biographie Générale, Paris, 1857–77, vol. xxiii, p. 454).
- Malmesbury , Lord . 1801 . The Works of James Harris, Esq. Vol. i , xviii – xviii . London 2 vols. (all citations will be to this edition). Note Leslie Stephens's comments, Dictionary of National Biography, London, 1891, vol. xxv, pp. 7–8.
- He is merely noted as a contemporary of Richard Dawes in Sandys John E. A History of Classical Scholarship Cambridge 1908 ii 416 416 2 vols. But note a 2nd ed. of Harris's Works in 1 vol., Oxford, 1841.
- Harris . Works , ii 275 – 275 .
- Brock . 1965 . The Life and Work of William Prout . Medical History , ii : 102 – 102 .
- Both Harris and Lord Monboddo were sometimes cited as sharing the views of the Common Sense School of philosophy, which rejected the ideas of Locke, Berkeley, and Hume; however, this school did not doubt that Harris's defence of the ancients was valueless. See Stewart D. Elements Wright G.N. 52 52 88, 115, and his ‘Dissertation … [on] Progress of Metaphysical, Ethical, and Political Philosophy’, Encyclopaedia Britannica, 5th ed., Supplement (Edinburgh, 1824), vol. v, p. 18. Note also Bishop Gleig's article on metaphysics, ibid., vol. xiii (Edinburgh, 1815), where Harris's definition of matter is discussed. Gleig's notice first appeared in the 3rd ed., 1797.
- Harris . Works , ii 38 – 38 . See Prout, Sentiendi, p. 2.
- Harris . Works , ii 42 – 42 . Harris quoted from Themistius's Paraphrases of Aristotle's Physics, Aldus ed., 1534, p. 21.
- Ammonius, son of Hermias, was a student of Proclus, and a dominant figure in the Platonic school of Alexandria at the end of the fifth century A.D. His pupils included Simplicius and Philoponus. (See Sarton G. Introduction to the History of Science Baltimore 1927–48 i 421 421 3 vols. His commentary on Aristotle's Categories or Praedicaments was translated into Latin by William of Moerbeke during the thirteenth century, and Harris quoted extensively from an ‘excellent’ Venice ed. of 1545. See Harris, Works, vol. ii, pp. 49–50, 423, and A. Busse (ed.), Ammonius In Aristotelis Categorias Commentarius, in Commentaria in Aristotelem Graeca, Academiae Litterarum Regiae Borussicae, Berolini, 1895, vol. iv, Part 4.
- Harris . Works , ii 50 – 51 . from Ammonius, Praedicaments, Venice, 1545, p. 62.
- Sentiendi , 3 – 3 .
- Sentiendi , 5 – 5 .
- Cf. ‘We never experience a pure sensation, for all our thoughts and feelings are coloured by previous experience and by associations which come involuntarily to mind’, Moncrieff R.W. The Chemical Senses London 1951 75 75
- Sentiendi , 8 – 8 . It will be noted that this conformed with the conclusions of corpuscular philosophy.
- Davy , H. 1816 . J. Science and Arts , 1 : 288 – 288 . Stewart was against tyros who tried ‘to explain intellectual and moral phenomena by the analogy of the material world’, Elements, ed. cited, p. 7. For the use of analogies in the eighteenth century, see P. C. Ritterbush, Overtures to Biology, New Haven and London, 1964.
- Moncrieff . 1951 . The Chemical Senses 54 – 54 . London
- Sentiendi , 10 – 10 .
- For the difference between chemical sensibility and smell and taste, see Moncrieff 1951 172 ff 172 ff
- Modern physiologists agree with Prout, but on experimental grounds, that most tastes are blendings of a few primary tastes of which the four usually recognized are sweet, sour, salt, and bitter. See Mitchell P.H. Textbook of General Physiology , 5th ed. 1956 185 185 and Moncrieff, op. cit., pp. 131–132. For a different view see T. Reid, An Inquiry Into the Human Mind, 4th ed., London, 1785, p. 85.
- Hall , M. Boas . 1965 . Robert Boyle on Natural Philosophy 350 – 350 . Bloomington, , U.S.A. Francis Hauksbee, Phil. Trans., 1708–1709, 26, 369.
- Newton . 1952 . Opticks , Dover edition 125 – 129 . Book I, Prop. 3, Expt. 7 210–212, 284)
- Newton . 1952 . Opticks , Dover edition 128 – 128 . Book I, Prop. 3, Expt. 7 Newton, Opuscula, ed. Joh. Castillioneus, London, 1744, vol. ii, Lectionis Opticae, pp. 245–246. For a brief discussion see R. A. Houstoun, Light and Colour, London, 1923, pp. 12 ff. David Hartley was also enthusiastic, Observations on Man, 1749, 4th ed., London, 1801, pp. 192–197; note also Mechanic's Magazine, 1824, 2, 87.
- 1812 . Medical and Physical J. , 28 : 457 – 461 . The letter is signed W. P. See my ‘William Prout on Taste, Smell, and Flavor’, J. Hist. Med., 1967, 22, 184–187.
- Blumenbach , J.F. 1820 . The Institutions of Physiology , 3rd ed. 162 – 162 . London trans. from Latin by J. Elliotson 4th ed. (Elements of Physiology), 1828, p. 239.
- Sentiendi , 22 – 22 . The use of the term nitrogen suggests that Prout way have used the text-book by J. A. C. Chaptal, Elements of Chemistry, trans. W. Nicholson, 3 vols., London, 1791, 1795, 1800 and 1803. Chaptal was very confused over the status of chemical elements.
- Harris . Works , ii 42 – 42 . Harris quoted from Themistius's Paraphrases of Aristotle's Physics, Aldus ed., 1534, p. 21.
- Harris , J. 1785 . Philosophical Arrangements 85 – 85 . London note b; Works, vol. ii, pp. 49–50.
Annals of Science
Volume 25, 1969 - Issue 1