- Hynes , Samuel . 1968 . The Edwardian Turn of Mind 4 – 4 . Princeton, New Jersey
- Quoted in Phillips G.D. Lord Willoughby de Broke: Radicalism and Conservatism Edwardian Conservatism: Five Studies in Adaptation Thompson J.A. Mejia A. London 1988 77 77 in
- 1937 . “ Viscount Henry Chaplin ” . In Dictionary of National Biography 1922–1930 172 – 172 . Oxford
- Russell , E.J. 1966 . A History of Agricultural Science in Britain, 1629–1954 268 – 268 . London
- Armytage , W.H.G. 1955 . Civic Universities: Aspects of a British Tradition 249 – 249 . London
- Harris , José . 1972 . Unemployment and Politics: A Study in English Social Policy 1886–1914 358 – 358 . Oxford
- Searle , G.R. 1987 . Corruption in British Politics 1895–1930 233 – 233 . Oxford
- Ensor , R.C.K. 1936 . England, 1870–1914 414 – 414 . Oxford reprinted 1986
- ‘English Development’ (typed memorandum signed E. S. M[ontagu], April 1909). William Runciman Papers, WR/30, Newcastle University Library. Cited in Offer Avner Property and Politics 1870–1914: Landownership, Law, Ideology and Urban Development in England Cambridge 1981 360 360
- MacLeod , Roy M. 1971 . The Support of Victorian Science: The Endowment of Research Movement in Great Britain, 1868–1900 . Minerva , 9 : 197 – 230 . (p. 230)
- Alter , Peter . 1987 . The Reluctant Patron: Science and the State in Britain 1850–1920 Oxford, Hamburg and New York
- Hall , A. Rupert . 1982 . Science for Industry: A Short History of the Imperial College of Science and Technology London
- Searle , G.R. 1971 . The Quest for National Efficiency: A Study in British Politics and Political Thought, 1899–1914 Oxford
- Turner , Frank M. 1980 . Public Science in Britain, 1880–1918 . Isis , 71 : 589 – 608 . (p. 592).
- Webb , Sidney . 1901 . Lord Rosebery's Escape from Houndsditch . The Nineteenth Century and After , 50 : 366 – 386 . (pp. 369–70, 373). Part of this quotation will be found in Webb's ‘Twentieth Century Politics: A Policy of National Efficiency’, Fabian Tracts, No. 108 (1901), 1–15 (p. 4).
- Quoted in Gollin A.M. Balfour's Burden: Arthur Balfour and Imperial Preference London 1965 61 61
- Harris . 1972 . Unemployment and Politics: A Study in English Social Policy 1886–1914 217 – 217 . Oxford
- Personal communication; see also Worboys Michael The Imperial Institute, the State and the Development of the Natural Resources of the Colonial Empire, 1887–1923 Imperialism and the Natural World Mackenzie John M. Manchester and New York 1990 164 186 in
- See Gilbert Bentley B. David Lloyd George, a Political Life, the Architect of Change 1863–1912 London 1988 371 376 Lloyd George was forthright in expressing his views in the Cabinet on landownership. Consider the following: The soil of the nation is primarily the property of the whole nation—the common inheritance of all—regarding which the State…cannot help laying down rules from time to time for the common advantage. There is no other final authority, and if the action of that authority is to be limited by so-called rights…then we have this anomaly that the most vital necessity of national existence is to be held, not under the direction of the State, but subject to some arbitrary limitations in favour of individuals or classes, based on a superstition of right. Cabinet Papers, 29 January 1909, signed D.L1G., CAB 37/39, 16. Public Record Office, Kew.
- Offer . 1981 . Property and Politics 1870–1914: Landownership, Law, Ideology and Urban Development in England 197 – 197 . Cambridge
- Pick , Daniel . 1989 . Faces of Degeneration: A European Disorder, c.1848–c.1918 Cambridge
- Murray , Bruce K. 1980 . The People's Budget 1909/10: Lloyd George and Liberal Politics 147 – 147 . Oxford
- Webb . 1901 . Lord Rosebery's Escape from Houndsditch . The Nineteenth Century and After , 50 : 9 – 9 .
- Gilbert . 1988 . David Lloyd George, a Political Life, the Architect of Change 1863–1912 370 – 370 . London
- Clarke , Peter . 1982 . “ The Edwardians and the Constitution ” . In Edwardian England Edited by: Read , Donald . 40 – 55 . London and Canberra in (p. 46).
- George , Lloyd . 1909 . Budget Statement . House of Commons Debates , IV April : 490 – 490 . 29 4th session col. 472–603 Quoted in Harold E. Dale, Daniel Hall, Pioneer in Scientific Agriculture (London, 1956), p. 76.
- Churchill , Randolph S. 1969 . Winston S. Churchill Vol. II , London Companion Part 2, 1907–1911, p. 885.
- 1909 . The Development and Road Improvement Funds Bill . Parliamentary Papers , I : 683 – 707 . (p. 684)
- Montagu , E.S. May 1909 . The Development Commission May , 14 Asquith Papers, vol. XXII, fol. 196. Oxford University Archives, Bodleian Library. There are also references to the duplication of functions in the papers of the Local Government Board with respect to the Road Board, set up under the Development Act. A memorandum of 17 August 1909 asks: ‘What argument can there be for employing a separate staff with separate expenditure’, and concludes with: ‘… much of the work which would fall on the Treasury as the Bill stands belongs more appropriately to the Board’. Local Government Board Papers, HLG, 29/95, vol. 87, pp. 252, 253. Public Record Office, Kew. The style of Lloyd George's administrative legislation is discussed in: John Turner, ‘“Experts” and Interests: David Lloyd George and the Dilemmas of the Expanding State, 1906–1919’, in Government and Expertise. Specialists, Administrators and Professionals, 1860–1919, edited by Roy MacLeod (Cambridge, 1988), pp. 203–23.
- Montagu . May 1909 . The Development Commission May , 14 fol. 196–196b. Lloyd George had asked Montagu to help him ‘to formulate the proposals [on Development] and to get them through’, and he reminded Montagu that: ‘You promised to take up for me that part of my proposals which bears on Development’. Quoted in S. D. Waley, Edwin Montagu. A Memoir and an Account of his Visit to India (London, 1964), pp. 33–4.
- Harris . 1972 . Unemployment and Politics: A Study in English Social Policy 1886–1914 344 – 344 . Oxford
- Cecil , Lord Robert . 1909 . Second Reading of the Development Bill . House of Commons Debates , X September 4th session, 6 col. 907–916 (col. 916).
- Searle . 1987 . Corruption in British Politics 1895–1930 233 – 237 . Oxford
- Viscount Morpeth in Second Reading of the Development Bill House of Commons Debates September 1909 X 4th session, 6 col. 918–926 (col. 924).
- Morpeth . 1909 . Second Reading of the Development Bill . House of Commons Debates , X September 4th session, 6 col. 921
- Wakefield , H.R. , Chandler , F. , Landsbury , G. and Webb , B. 1909 . Separate Report to the Report of the Royal Commission on the Poor Law and Relief of Distress . Parliamentary Papers , 37 : 739 – 1238 . (p. 1238). The proofs of this report were sent to Winston Churchill by Sidney Webb in January 1909. See Randolph Churchill (footnote 27), 867.
- Macrosty , H.W. 1905 . The Reviews of National Policy for Great Britain . Fabian Tracts , : 1 – 23 . No. 123 (p. 5)
- W. C. Churchill to Asquith, 29 December 1908. Asquith Papers, vol. II, fol. 243. Oxford University Archives, Bodleian Library. The publication of the whole of this letter by Randolph S. Churchill is not error free. See Churchill Randolph Winston S. Churchill London 1969 II 862 864 For the text of the greater part of this letter, see the Appendix.
- Randolph , Churchill . 1969 . Winston S. Churchill Vol. II , 897 – 897 . London
- Dale . 1956 . Daniel Hall, Pioneer in Scientific Agriculture 78 – 78 . London
- According to Harris Harris José Unemployment and Politics: A Study in English Social Policy 1886–1914 Oxford 1972 345 345
- Dale . 1956 . Daniel Hall, Pioneer in Scientific Agriculture 101 – 101 . London
- Kohler , R.E. 1976–7 . The Management of Science: The Experience of Warren Weaver and the Rockefeller Program in Molecular Biology . Minerva , 14 : 279 – 306 .
- 1911 . First Report of the Proceedings of the Development Commissioners . Parliamentary Papers , XV : 709 – 769 . (p. 719).
- 1912–13 . Second Report of the Development Commissioners . Parliamentary Papers , XVII : 837 – 911 . (p. 846)
- For a discussion of the impact of agricultural policy in Ireland, see Miller Kirby A. Emigrants and Exiles. Ireland and the Irish Exodus to North America New York and Oxford 1985 390 ff 390 ff On Plunkett see Cyril Ehrlich, ‘Horace Plunkett and Agricultural Reform’, in Irish Population, Economy and Society: Essays in Honour of the Late K. H. Connell, edited by J. M. Goldstrom and L. A. Clarkson (Oxford, 1981), pp. 271–86.
- This is not the place to discuss the success of the research itself, but for a critique of the claims made on behalf of institutions of plant breeding, see Palladino Paolo The Political Economy of Applied Research: Plant Breeding in Britain 1910–1940 1990 May paper read at Rothamsted Experimental Station, 12
- For information on research in animal breeding at Edinburgh, see Ewart J.C. The Penycuik Experiments Edinburgh 1899 See also R. W. Burkhardt, ‘Closing the Door on Lord Morton's Mare: The Rise and Fall of Telegony’, Studies in the History of Biology, 3 (1979), 1–21, and Margaraet Deacon, ‘The Institute of Animal Genetics at Edinburgh—the First Twenty Years’, Unpublished Report, Science Studies Department, Edinburgh University.
- Typewritten report to the Development Commission from the Chairman. Bateson Papers, G7q, 17. John Innes Institute Archives, Norwich. This report is stated to have been received in early 1912/13. See the Commissioners' third report in Parliamentary Papers 1913 XIX 691 731 (p. 658)
- Ewart to Robert Wallace, October 1912. Ewart Papers, Edinburgh University Library. Cited in Deacon The Institute of Animal Genetics at Edinburgh—the First Twenty Years Science Studies Department, Edinburgh University 2 2 Unpublished Report
- 1913 . Development Commission Papers D1/1, 40th Meeting . July 31 1913 . Kew : Public Record Office .
- See Blackman V.H. John Bretland Farmer 1865–1944 Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society 1954 5 17 31
- Bateson , W. 1907 . “ Toast of the Board of Agriculture, Horticulture, and Fisheries ” . In Report of the Third International Conference on Genetics 75 – 77 . London (p. 76)
- For an example of private funding in the Edwardian period, see Olby Robert Scientists and Bureaucrats in the Establishment of the John Innes Horticultural Institution under William Bateson Annals of Science 1989 46 497 510
- The negative is missing from the publication of this letter in Churchill Randolph S. Winston S. Churchill London 1969 II Companion Part 2 1907–1911, p. 863.
Annals of Science
Volume 48, 1991 - Issue 6