- Lankford , John . 1984 . “ The Impact of Photography on Astronomy ” . In Astrophysics and Twentieth-Century Astronomy to 1950: Part A Edited by: Gingerich , Owen . 16 – 39 . Cambridge (The General History of Astronomy, vol. 4)
- Dunér , Nils . 1884 . “ Sur les étoiles à spectres de la troisième classe ” . In K. svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar Vol. 21/2 , idem, ‘Recherches sur la rotation du Soleil’, Nova Acta Regiæ Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, 3rd series, 14/13 (1891).
- Yearly report of the Uppsala observatory, Upsala universitets årsskrift 1893 69 74
- For information on the societies' early activities, see Fotografisk tidskrifts årsbok 1894–95 80ff. 80ff. and vols 1–5 (1888–92) of Fotografisk tidskrift. The scientists made significant contributions to the activities in the photographic societies. See, for example, Nils Dunér's survey of the relative merits of 124 recipes for developers, in Fotografisk tidskrift, vols 3 and 4 (1890–91).
- Bergstrand , Östen . 1907 . “ Fotografiens användning vid studiet av himlakropparna ” . In Bonniers månadshäften 707 – 716 . [The Use of Photography in the Study of Celestial Objects], (p. 707)
- Hasselberg , Bernhard . 1913 . “ Om totala solförmörkelser och deras betydelse för studiet af solens fysik, särskildt med hänsyn till den förestående solförmörkelsen den 21 august 1914 ” . In Nordisk tidskrift 21 – 40 . [On Total Eclipses of the Sun and their Role in the Study of Solar Physics, with Special Regard to the Upcoming Solar Eclipse on 21 August 1914] (p. 29)
- Duné , Nils . 1892 . “ Om astronomisk fotografi ” . In Fotografisk tidskrifts årsbok 10 – 16 . [On Astronomical Photography] (p. 14)
- Dunér , Nils . 1890 . Några ord angående den föreslagna nya refraktorn å Uppsala observatorium 4 – 4 . Uppsala [Some Words Regarding the Proposed New Refractor for the Uppsala Observatory]
- Dunér to Hasselberg, 11 UUB okat. 466 1887 March i 1 1
- On the concept of transparency in scientific instruments, see Schaffer Simon Glass works: Newton's prisms and the uses of experiment The Uses of Experiment: Studies in the Natural Sciences Gooding David Pinch Trevor Schaffer Simon Cambridge 1989
- Lankford . 1984 . “ The Impact of Photography on Astronomy ” . In Astrophysics and Twentieth-Century Astronomy to 1950: Part A Edited by: Gingerich , Owen . Vol. 4 , 32 – 32 . Cambridge
- Gyldén to Dunér, 27 July 1887, 28 July 1887, 24 December 1888, UUB G58a. Yearly report of the Stockholm observatory, Öfversigt af K. Vetenskapsakademiens förhandlingar 1889 216 217
- Charlier , C.V.L. 1889 . Über die Anwendung der Sternphotographie zu Helligkeitsmessungen der Sterne Leipzig (Publikation der Astronomischen Gesellschaft, 19)
- Olsson , K.G. 1898 . “ Photographische Ausmessung der Plejaden ” . In Astronomiska iakttagelser och undersökningar, anställda på Stockholms observatorium Vol. 6/3 , idem, ‘Photographische Ausmessung des Sternhaufens G.C. 1712 (Messier 67)’, Astronomiska iakttagelser och undersökningar, anställda på Stockholms observatorium, 6/4 (1898); Karl Bohlin, ‘Der zweite Sternhaufen im Hercules Messier 92’, Astronomiska iakttagelser och undersökningar, anställda på Stockholms observatorium, 8/3 (1906); idem, ‘Versuch einer Bestimmung der Parallaxe des Andromeda-Nebels’, Astronomiska iakttagelser och undersökningar, anställda på Stockholms observatorium, 8/4 (1907).
- Bohlin , Karl . 1910 . “ Nyare iakttagelser öfver kometer ” . In K. Vetenskapsakademiens årsbok 261 – 287 . [Recent Observations of Comets] (pp. 274ff.); idem, ‘Beobachtungen und Photogramme des neuen Sterns Nova (3.1901) Persei, Zweite Mittheilung’, Astronomiska iakttagelser och undersökningar utförda på Stockholms observatorium, 8/1 (1903).
- Davidson , C. 1931 . “ Astrophotographie ” . In Handbuch der Wissenschaftlichen und angewandten Photographie Vol. VI , 102 – 233 . Vienna pt 1 (pp. 157ff.); Simon Newcomb and Rudolf Engelmann, Populäre Astronomie, 6th edn (Leipzig, 1921), 544. See also David DeVorkin, ‘Stellar evolution and the origin of the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram’, in Gingerich (note 1), 90–118; and Axel Nielsen, ‘Contributions to the history of the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram’, Centaurus, 9 (1964), 219–53.
- See letters from Hertzsprung to Bergstrand 11 January 1909, 19–26 August 1912, 23 April 1913, 7 May 1913, 28 May 1913, 13 June 1913, 16–17 June 1913. UUB okat. 438 f:1
- Hertzsprung to Bergstrand, 19–26 August 1912. UUB okat. 438 f:1, yearly report of the Uppsala observatory, Upsala universitets årsskrift 1913 131f 131f
- Yearly report of the Lund observatory, Lunds universitets årsskrift 1915 39 43 (p. 41)
- Åkesson , Olof André . “ The motion and distribution of the sun-spots. A statistical investigation ” . In Meddelanden från Lunds astronomiska observatorium Series 2, 2, no. 11 = Lunds universitets årsskrift N.F. afd. 2, 10/10 (1914).
- Photographic methods had gradually been taken into use at eclipses during the period 1870–90. Pang Alex Soojung-Kim The Social Event of the Season: Solar Eclipse Expeditions and Victorian Culture Isis 1993 84 252 277 (pp. 270ff.)
- Bernhard Hasselberg's account of the solar eclipse expedition of the Royal Academy of Sciences, K. Vetenskapsakademiens årsbok 1915 99 125 (p. 101)
- Carlheim-Gyllensköld, once assistant at the Stockholm observatory, was in 1914 a physicist at the Academy of Sciences and the Stockholm University College. For more on Carlheim-Gyllensköld and astronomy, see Carlsson Anders Holmberg Gustav Vilhelm Carlheim-Gyllensköld på Stockholms observatorium Lychnos 1995 179 189 and references therein
- May 1912 . Royal Academy of Sciences May , protocol 22 KVA. There were tensions in the Committee, because of competition for the money allotted by parliament. See, for example, Carlheim-Gyllensköld to Charlier 11 March 1913, LUB.
- Proposal to the Royal Academy of Sciences for a commission to plan work at the solar eclipse of 1914, signed by Carlheim-Gyllensköld, 22 May 1912, and minutes at the meeting of the Commission, 20 UUB okat. 438 f:1 1912 July
- 1915 . “ Report of the Stockholm observatory eclipse expedition ” . In K. Vetenskapsakademiens årsbok 95 – 97 . (p. 96)
- Bergstrand , ÖSten . 1919 . Études sur la distribution de la lumière dans la couronne solaire Stockholm (L'éclipse totale de soleil des 20–21 août 1914, deuxième partie, no. 2)
- Hasselberg . 1915 . K. Vetenskapsakademiens årsbok 119 – 119 .
- Such disappointment is documented among other eclipse observers. Pang The Social Event of the Season: Solar Eclipse Expeditions and Victorian Culture Isis 1993 84 274 274
- Hasselberg . 1915 . K. Vetenskapsakademiens årsbok 122f
- Eddy , John . 1971 . The Schaeberle 40-ft eclipse camera of Lick observatory . Journal for the History of Astronomy , 2 : 1 – 22 . (pp. 15f.)
- Campbell to Hasselberg, 28 UUB okat. 466 i:3 1918 October There are no indications in the Hasselberg papers in Uppsala that the plates reached Lick, nor in the Shane archives at Lick observatory. Donald Osterbrock, private communication, October 1994.
- Widmalm , Sven . 1993 . “ Big Science in a Small Country: Sweden and CERN II ” . In Center on the Periphery: Historical Aspects of 20th-Century Swedish Physics Edited by: Lindqvist , Svante . 107 – 140 . Canton
Annals of Science
Volume 53, 1996 - Issue 6
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