- de Wit , O. 1992–1995 . “ Telegrafie en telefonie ” . In Geschiedenis van de Techniek in Nederland: de wording van een moderne samenleving 1800–1890 , Edited by: Lintsen , H.W. Vol. IV , 271 – 298 . Zutphen : Walburg Pers . 6 vols (283).
- Daniell , John Frederic . 1843 . An Introduction to the Study of Chemical Philosophy: being a preparatory view of the forces which concur to the production of Chemical Phenomena , 2nd edn 576 – 576 . London
- [Alfred] Smee Nouveau manuel complet de galvanoplastie ou Eléments d'électro-métallurgie, French translation of Elements of Electro-Metallurgy , 2nd edn Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret Paris 1840 v 1845
- I borrowed the title of this contribution to the history of the applied sciences from the article Electro-Metallurgy the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge 1851 Supplement ‘When the articles ELECTRICITY, ELECTROCHEMISTRY, and GALVANISM, were published in P.C. [and that was before 1840, J.M.], little progress had been made in transferring from the lecture-room to the work-shop or the studio the wonderful power to which they relate.’
- 1846 . Proceedings of Learned Societies—Royal Society: Anniversary Meeting, December 1, 1845’ . Philosophical Magazine , May : 408 – 416 . 28 (409–12); Dictionary of National Biography (1888); D. H. Hey, ‘Schools of Chemistry in Great Britain and Ireland: XVIII—King's College, London’, Journal of the Royal Institute of Chemistry, 79 (1955), 305–15 (306–8); J. R. Partington, ‘Daniell’, in A History of Chemistry (London, 1964), IV, 128–30; Arnold Thackray, ‘John Frederic Daniell’, in Dictionary of Scientific Biography, III (New York, 1971), 556–8.
- 1845 . “ Memoir of Professor Daniell ” . In John Frederic Daniell, Elements of Meteorology, being the third edition, revised and enlarged, of Meteorological Essays xiii – xxxv . London
- Daniell participated in the SDUK on several different levels. He was on the general committee, he was on the committees of the Penny Magazine and the Penny Cyclopaedia (until 1837), he wrote a booklet about chemistry for the Library of Useful Knowledge in 1829, and he contributed to the British Almanac and its Companion in 1828. Crowther James Gerald Henry Brougham 1778–1868 Statesmen of Science London 1965 7 73 (50); Morris Berman, Social Change and Scientific Organization: the Royal Institution, 1799–1844 (London, 1978), 112; DNB (note 5).
- During the week following Monday, 26 September 1831, the first meeting of the newly founded British Association for the Advancement of Science took place in York. Daniell did not attend though he had been invited as one of a set of 121 Friends of Science. The BAAS met with much metropolitan indifference in 1831. In the end only six London scientists travelled to York. But in 1832 Daniell was present at the second meeting of the British Association in Oxford assisting Faraday in the performance of magnetic induction experiments and being nominated a member of Committee II (Chemistry, mineralogy, electricity, magnetism). In 1834, during the Edinburgh meeting, he became a member of an ad hoc committee of seventeen which had to evaluate different systems of chemical symbols and solve some problems disturbing the atomic theory advocated by John Dalton and William Prout. In 1836, during the meeting in Bristol, Daniell was elected a member of the general Council. In 1837, in Liverpool, he acted as Vice-president of Section B (Chemistry and mineralogy). Jack Morrell and Arnold Thackray Gentlemen of Science: early years of the British Association for the Advancement of Science Oxford 1982 74 74 87, 487, 554–5; Silvanus P. Thompson, Michael Faradays Leben und Wirken (Düsseldorf: Wilhelm Knapp, 1900; reprint Vaduz, Liechtenstein: Sändig, 1992), 52; Susan Faye Cannon, Science in Culture: the early Victorian period (New York, 1978), 123; Robert Franklin Bud, ‘The Discipline of Chemistry: the origins and early years of the Chemical Society of London’, dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, 1980, 116, 119; Philosophical Magazine, 9 (October 1836), 312.
- Daniel , John Frederic . 1831 . An Introductory Lecture, delivered in King's College, London, October, 11, 1831 , 22 – 23 . London : B. Fellowes .
- Daniell . 1843 . An Introduction to the Study of Chemical Philosophy: being a preparatory view of the forces which concur to the production of Chemical Phenomena , 2nd edn 550 – 550 . London
- Daniell , John Frederic . 1839 . Modern Chymistry . The Times , October : 3 – 3 . 15
- In 1836, during the meeting of the British Association in Bristol, a separate section for mechanics (Section G) was instituted, but ‘mechanics’ meant mechanical science ‘transmissible by symbolic language’, not mechanical arts Morrell Thackray Gentlemen of Science: early years of the British Association for the Advancement of Science Oxford 1982 260 260
- Daniell , John Frederic . 1836 . On Voltaic Combinations . Philosophical Transactions , : 107 – 124 . (107)
- Thomson , Thomas . 1831 . The History of Chemistry Vol. II , 254 – 254 . London 2 vols Daniell (note 2), 502–3.
- Kloss , Albert . 1987 . Von der Electricitœt zur Elektrizität: ein Streifzug durch die Geschichte der Elektrotechnik, Elektroenergetik und Elektronik 94 – 94 . Basle 98.
- Daniell . 1836 . On Voltaic Combinations . Philosophical Transactions , : 117 – 117 .
- Daniell . 1836 . On Voltaic Combinations . Philosophical Transactions , : 123 – 123 .
- 1836 . Proceedings of Learned Societies—Royal Society . Philosophical Magazine , 8 May : 412 – 423 .
- Daniell , John Frederic . 1836 . Additional Observations on Voltaic Combinations . Philosophical Transactions , 126 : 125 – 129 .
- 1836 . Philosophical Magazine , July : 71 – 71 . 9
- Daniell , John Frederic . 1837 . Further Observations on Voltaic Combinations . Philosophical Transactions , 127 : 141 – 160 .
- Daniell , John Frederic . 1838 . Fourth Letter on Voltaic Combinations, with reference to the mutual relations of the generating and conducting surfaces . Philosophical Transactions , 128 : 41 – 56 .
- Daniell . 1836 . Additional Observations on Voltaic Combinations . Philosophical Transactions , 126 : 128 – 128 .
- Daniell , John Frederic . 1839 . Fifth Letter on Voltaic Combinations, with some Account of the Effects of a Large Constant Battery . Philosophical Transactions , 129 : 89 – 95 .
- Charles Wheatstone, Professor of Experimental Philosophy at King's College since 1834, was one of them. Wheatstone constructed his own version of the Daniell battery and used it in his electromagnetic telegraph system. Bowers Brian Sir Charles Wheatstone FRS 1802–1875 London 1975 66 66 Daniell (note 2), 577.
- Anon. De galvanische electriciteit en de galvanoplastie op haar tegenwoordig standpunt Onze Tijd Gebroeders Diederichs Amsterdam 1854 14 225 248 (228).
- Daniell , John Frederic . 1839 . On the Electrolysis of Secondary Compounds . Philosophical Transactions , 129 : 97 – 97 .
- Daniell , John Frederic . 1842 . Sixth Letter on Voltaic Combinations . Philosophical Transactions , 132 : 137 – 155 .
- Derry , T.K. and Williams , Trevor I. 1973 . A Short History of Technology 499 – 499 . London
- Gore , George . 1884 . The Art of Electro-Metallurgy, including all known processes of electro-deposition , 2nd edn 25 – 25 . London
- Smee . 1840 . Nouveau manuel complet de galvanoplastie ou Eléments d'électro-métallurgie, French translation of Elements of Electro-Metallurgy , 2nd edn , Paris : Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret . 1st edn, 1843
- Electrotype was coined by Thomas Spencer in 1839. It was preferred by Charles Vincent Walker in his Electrotype Manipulation 1841 His French translator Julien Fau, however, reintroduced galvanoplastics, the continental catchword: Manipulations électrotypiques ou Traité de galvanoplastie. Voltatype was used by Daniell in his Chemical Philosophy. Voltagraphy was coined by the Penny Cyclopaedia in 1843 enabling a description of the art that was not yet invented when the articles Electrochemistry and Galvanism were published. Galvanoplastics was the common general designation of the art in French, German, and Dutch publications.
- See Nouveau manuel complet de galvanoplastie ou Eléments d'électro-métallurgie, French translation of Elements of Electro-Metallurgy , 2nd edn Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret Paris 1840 and 33. Complete title: Nouveau manuel complet de galvanoplastie ou Eléments d'électrométallurgie, contenant l'art de travailler les métaux à l'aide du fluide galvanique, pour dorer, platiner, plaquer, cuivrer, etc., etc.; par M. Smee, augmenté d'un grand nombre de notes d'après MM. Jacobi, Spencer, De Kobell, Solly, De La Rive, Elkington, Ruolz, etc., … Ouvrage publié par E. de Valicourt et orné de figures (Paris: Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret, 1843).
- Smee . 1840 . Nouveau manuel complet de galvanoplastie ou Eléments d'électro-métallurgie, French translation of Elements of Electro-Metallurgy , 2nd edn , 54 – 54 . Paris : Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret .
- Daniell . 1836 . On Voltaic Combinations . Philosophical Transactions , : 119 – 119 .
- The editor of the Roret manual made the vexing mistake of substituting De la Rive for De la Rue. Arthur Auguste de la Rive (1801–73), professor of physics in Geneva, did play a role in electrometallurgy, but not in galvanoplastics. In the French translation of the third edition of Smee's Elements 1851 published in 1860 the mistake has been corrected. The second stage belonged to Warren de la Rue (1815–89), paper manufacturer and printer and amateur scientist.
- Rue , Warren de la . 1836 . On Voltaic Electricity, and the Effects of a Battery Charged with Sulphate of Copper . Philosophical Magazine , December : 484 – 487 . 9
- Smee . 1840 . Nouveau manuel complet de galvanoplastie ou Eléments d'électro-métallurgie, French translation of Elements of Electro-Metallurgy , 2nd edn , 10 – 10 . Paris : Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret .
- Hunt , L.B. 1973 . The Early History of Gold Plating: a tangled tale of disputed priorities . Gold Bulletin , January : 16 – 27 . 6
- January 1862 . Nouvelle Biographie Générale , 2nd edn , January , 139 – 144 . Paris : N.-P. Lerebours and Secretan . J.L., Traité de galvanoplastie 1845
- J.L. January 1845 . Traité de galvanoplastie , 2nd edn , January , 20 – 20 . Paris : N.-P. Lerebours and Secretan . 25, 33 for the three quotations.
- Jordan , C.J. 1839 . Mechanics' Magazine , June 8 quoted by Gore (note 32), 6.
- Spencer , T. 1884 . The Art of Electro-Metallurgy, including all known processes of electro-deposition , 2nd edn 8 – 8 . London quoted by Gore 13, 14, 16 for the four quotations.
- von Jacobi , M.H. 1839 . The Athenaeum , May 8 quoted by Gore (note 32), 5.
- Jacobi , M.H. 1840 . Die Galvanoplastik, oder das Verfahren cohärentes Kupfer in Platten oder nach sonst gegebenen Formen, unmittelbar aus Kupferauflösungen, auf galvanischem Wege zu produciren , St Petersburg : Eggers and Co. . reprint Saulgau, Württemberg: Eugen G. Leuze, 1969). Jacobi never mentions Daniell in his book. But it was Daniell's invention he experimented with. Jacobi said so himself when he retold the story of the invention of galvanoplastics at the 1867 Paris Exhibition. Henri Bouilhet, ‘La galvanoplastie’, Revue des Arts Décoratifs, 7 (1886–87), 294–7 (296).
- Jacobi . 1840 . Die Galvanoplastik, oder das Verfahren cohärentes Kupfer in Platten oder nach sonst gegebenen Formen, unmittelbar aus Kupferauflösungen, auf galvanischem Wege zu produciren , iv – iv . St Petersburg : Eggers and Co. .
- Thompson , E.P. 1980 . The Making of the English Working Class 265 – 265 . Harmondsworth Eric Hopkins, Birmingham: The First Manufacturing Town in the World 1760–1840 (London, 1989), 45.
- Bud . 1982 . Gentlemen of Science: early years of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 74 – 74 . Oxford Hunt (note 41); J. Hamel, ‘Ueber eine große magnet-elektrische Maschine zum Versilbern und Vergolden’, Dinglers Polytechnisches Journal, 105 (1847), 350–8.
- Hamel . 1982 . Gentlemen of Science: early years of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 350 – 351 . Oxford Gore (note 32), 371; Charles Christofle, Histoire de la dorure et de l'argenture électro-chimiques (Paris, 1851), 7–8; Marc de Ferrière le Vayer, Christofle: deux siècles d'aventure industrielle 1793–1993 (Paris, 1995), 69–70. Marc de Ferrière presents a detailed description of the mercury method summarizing an 1818 Mémoire on the subject written by Jean-Pierre-Joseph d'Arcet.
- Hunt . 1973 . The Early History of Gold Plating: a tangled tale of disputed priorities . Gold Bulletin , January : 21 – 23 . 6
- De Ferrière . 1982 . Gentlemen of Science: early years of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 68 – 68 . Oxford
- 1865 . Nouvelle Biographie Générale ,
- Ruolz , Henri de . 1840 . Procédé nouveau pour la dorure sans mercure de l'argent, du cuivre, du laiton, du bronze, du maillechort, du platine, de l'acier et de l'étain, et pour l'argenture de tous ces métaux et du fer , 2nd edn , Vol. v , 244 – 251 . Paris : Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret . 1845 (244); de Ferrière (note 51), 54–6.
- De Ruolz . Procédé nouveau pour la dorure sans mercure de l'argent, du cuivre, du laiton, du bronze, du maillechort, du platine, de l'acier et de l'étain, et pour l'argenture de tous ces métaux et du fer 246 – 246 .
- De Ruolz . Procédé nouveau pour la dorure sans mercure de l'argent, du cuivre, du laiton, du bronze, du maillechort, du platine, de l'acier et de l'étain, et pour l'argenture de tous ces métaux et du fer 250 – 250 .
- Dumas , Jean-Baptiste . 1840 . Rapport fait à l'Académie des Sciences sur les nouveaux procédés introduits dans l'art du doreur, par MM. Elkington et de Ruolz , 2nd edn , Vol. v , 251 – 276 . Paris : Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret . 1845 (275).
- Truffaut , H. 1982 . Observations adressées au nom de MM. Elkington à l'Académie des Sciences sur le Rapport de M. Dumas du 29 novembre 1841 87 – 97 . Oxford in Christofle
- Truffaut , H. 1982 . Observations adressées au nom de MM. Elkington à l'Académie des Sciences sur le Rapport de M. Dumas du 29 novembre 1841 95 – 95 . Oxford in Christofle Later, Charles Christofle would hold the same opinion. His Histoire de la dorure et de l'argenture électro-chimiques published in 1851 is meant to prove De Ruolz a plagiarist and the Elkingtons the veritable inventors of galvanic gilding and silvering. Christofle concluded in 1851: ‘Henceforward, the name of Mr. de Ruolz will evoke no more than the idea of counterfeiting. He will disappear from the glorious list of inventors to figure in the sad history of plagiarism.’ Christofle (note 51), 75.
- De Ferrière . 1982 . Gentlemen of Science: early years of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 16 – 94 . Oxford
- Traité attachant M. de Ruolz comme chimiste à la maison Christofle et Cie 126 – 128 . in Christofle (note 51)
- Christofle . 1982 . Gentlemen of Science: early years of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 148 – 148 . Oxford iv; de Ferrière (note 51), 72.
Annals of Science
Volume 55, 1998 - Issue 3
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