Suppression of microfilaraemia in Litomosoides carinii infections in cotton rats by vaccination with adult worm homogenate

REFERENCES

• Bagai, R. C. & Subrahmanyam, D. (1968). Studies on the host-parasite relation in albino rats infected with Litomosoides carinii. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 17, 833–839.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bagai, R. C. & Subrahmanyam, D. (1970). Nature of acquired resistance to filarial infection in albino rats. Nature, London, 228, 682–683.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bertram, D. S. (1966). Dynamics of parasite equilibrium in cotton rat filariasis. In Advances in Parasitology, ed. Dawes, B., 4, 255–319. London and New York: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bertram, D. S., Unsworth, K. & Gordon, R. M. (1946). The biology and maintenance of Liponyssus bacoti (Hurst, 1913) and an investigation into its role as a vector of Litomosoides carinii to cotton and white rats, together with some observations on the infection in the white rat. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 40, 228–254.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark, I. A., Cox, F. E. G. & Allison, A. C. (1977). Protection of mice against Babesia spp. and Plasmodium spp. with killed Corynebacterium parvum. Parasitology, 74, 9–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordon, R. M. (1955). The host parasite relationship in filariasis. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 49, 496–507.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Haque, A., Lefebvre, M. N., Ogilvie, B. M. & Capron, A. (1978). Dipetalonema viteae in hamsters: effect of antisera or immunisation with parasite extracts on production of microfilariae. Parasitology, 76, 61–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haque, A., Chassoux, D., Ogilvie, B. M. & Capron, A. (1978). Dipetalonema viteae in hamsters: enhancement and suppression of microfilaraemia. Parasitology, 76, 77–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarrett, W. F. H., Jennings, F. W., McIntyre, W. I. M., Mulligan, W. & Urquhart, G. H. (1960). Immunological studies on Dictyocaulus viviparus infection. Immunity produced by the administration of irradiated larvae. Immunology, 3, 145–151.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kershaw, W. E. (1949). Observations on Litomosoides carinii (Travassos, 1919) Chandler, 1931. III. The first stage larva in the peripheral circulation. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 43, 238–260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kershaw, W. E. & Storey, D. M. (1976). Host-parasite relations in cotton rat filariasis I: The quantitative transmission and subsequent development of Litomosoides carinii infections in cotton rats and other laboratory animals. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 70, 303–312.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macdonald, E. M. & Scott, J. A. (1953). Experiments on immunity in the cotton rat to the filarial worm, Litomosoides carinii. Experimental Parasitology, 2, 174–184.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manson, P. (1899). Tropical Diseases. In A Manual of Diseases of Warm Climates. London: Cassell and Company Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Maegraith, B. G., Kershaw, W. E. & Dagnall, D. (1961). Techniques in Tropical Pathology. Edinburgh and London: Oliver and Boyd.
   Google Scholar
• Miller, T. A. (1965). Persistence of immunity following double vaccination of pups with X-irradiated Ancylostoma caninum larvae. Journal of Parasitology, 51, 705–711.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson, G. S. (1966). The pathology of filarial infections. Helminthological Abstracts, 35, 311–336.
   Google Scholar
• Otto, G. F. (1970). Insect-borne nematodes. In Immunity to Parasitic Animals, ed. Jackson, G. J., 963–980. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
   Google Scholar
• Pacheco, G. (1970). Infection and superinfection of jirds (Meriones unguiculatus) and hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) with Dipetalonema viteae. Journal of Parasitology, 56, 255–256.
   Google Scholar
• Ramakrishnan, S. P., Singh, D. & Krishnaswami, A. K. (1962). Evidence of acquired immunity against microfilariae of Litomosoide. carinii in albino rats with mite induced infection. Indian Journal of Malariology, 16, 263–268.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rao, Y. V. B. G., Mehta, K. & Subrahmanyam, D. (1977). Litomosoides carinii: effects of irradiation on the development and immunogenicity of the larval forms. Experimental Parasitology, 43, 39–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Subrahmanyam, D. & Bagai, R. C. (1970). Immunological studies on experimental filariasis. Annals of the Indian Academy of Medical Science, 6, 1–13.
   Google Scholar
• Subrahmanyam, D., Rao, Y. V. B. G., Mehta, K. & Nelson, D. S. (1976). Serum dependent adhesion and cytotoxicity of cells to Litomosoides carinii microfilariae. Nature London, 260, 529–530.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wegerhof, P. H. & Wenk, P. (1975). Injection of microfilariae, progress of microfilaraemia and subsequent quantitative infection with Litomosoides carinii (Nematoda; Filarioidea) in the cotton rat. Parasitology, 71, xix–xx.
   Google Scholar
• Wharton, D. R. A. (1947). Pathological changes in natural and experimental filariasis in the cotton rat. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 80, 307–318.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong, M. M. (1964). Studies on microfilaraemia in dogs II—Levels of microfilaraemia in relation to immunological responses of the host. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 13, 66–77.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong, M. M., Fredericks, H.J. & Lavoipierre, M. M.J. (1974). Dirofilaria immitis: fate and immunogenicity of irradiated infective stage larvae in beagles. Experimental Parasitology, 35, 465–474.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong, M. M., Fredericks, H.J. & Ramachandran, C. P. (1969). Studies on immunisation against Brugia malayi infection in the rhesus monkey. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 40, 493–501.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Worms, M. M.J. (1972). The course of microfilaraemia in primary infections of Dirofilaria immitis and D. repens in dogs. Comptes Rendus 1er Multicolloque Européen de Rennes, 324–326.
   Google Scholar