56
Views
41
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Do babesiosis and malaria share a common disease process?

&
Pages 483-488 | Received 02 Oct 1997, Accepted 02 Oct 1997, Published online: 15 Nov 2016

REFERENCES

  • Berendt, A. R., Turner, G. D. H. & Newbold, C. I. (1994). Cerebral malaria: the sequestration hypothesis. Parasitology Today, 10, 412–414.
  • Berg, D. J., Kuhn, R., Rajewsky, K., Muller, W., Menon, S., Davidson, N., Grunig, G. & Rennick, D. (1995). Interleukin-10 is a central regulator of the response to LPS in murine models of endotoxic shock and the Shwartzman reaction but not endotoxin tolerance. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 96, 2339–2347.
  • Clark, I. A. (1978). Does endotoxin cause both the disease and parasite death in acute malaria and babesiosis? Lancet, ii, 75–77.
  • Clark, I. A. (1982). Correlation between susceptibility to malaria and babesia parasites and to endotoxin. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 76, 4–7.
  • Clark, I. A. & Cowden, W. B. (1991). Roles of TNF in malaria and other parasitic infections. In Tumor Necrosis Factors; Structures, Functions and Mechanisms of Action, eds Aggarwal, B. B. & Vilcek, J. pp. 365–407. New York: Marcel Dekker.
  • Clark, I. A. & Rockett, K. A. (1994). The cytokine theory of human cerebral malaria. Parasitology Today, 10, 410–412.
  • Clark, I. A., Virelizier, J.-L., Carswell, E. A. & Wood, P. R. (1981). Possible importance of macrophage-derived mediators in acute malaria. Infection and Immunity, 32, 1058–1066.
  • Clark, I. A., Cowden, W. B., Butcher, G. A. & Hunt, N. H. (1987). Possible roles of tumor necrosis factor in the pathology of malaria. American Journal of Pathology, 129, 192–199.
  • Clark, I. A., Rockett, K. A. & Cowden, W. B. (1992). TNF in malaria. In Tumor Necrosis Factor: the Molecules and their Emerging Roles in Medicine, ed. Beutler, B. pp. 303–328. New York: Raven Press.
  • Cox, F. E. (1970). Protective immunity between malaria parasites and piroplasms in mice. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 43, 325–336.
  • Cox, F. E. (1978). Heterologous immunity between piroplasms and malaria parasites: the simultaneous elimination of Plasmodium vinckei and Babesia microti from the blood of doubly infected mice. Parasitology, 76, 55–60.
  • Coxon, R. E., Fekade, D., Knox, K., Hussein, K., Melka, A., Daniel, A., Griffin, G. G. & Warrell, D. A. (1997). The effect of antibody against TNF alpha on cytokine response in Jarisch-Herxheimer reactions of louse-borne relapsing fever. Quarterly Journal of Medicine, 90, 213–221.
  • Herwaldt, B. L., Springs, F. E., Roberts, P. P., Eberhard, M. L., Case, K., Persing, D. H. & Agger, W. A. (1995). Babesiosis in Wisconsin—a potentially fatal disease. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 53, 146–151.
  • Jacobson, L. S. & Clark, I. A. (1994). The pathophysiology of canine babesiosis: new approaches to an old puzzle. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association, 65, 134–145.
  • Jakubowski, A. A., Casper, E. S., Gabrilove, J. L., Templeton, M.-A., Sherwin, S. A. & Oettgen, H. F. (1989). Phase 1 trial of intramuscularly administered tumor necrosis factor in patients with advanced cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 7, 298–303.
  • Kern, P., Hemmer, C. J., van Damme, J., Gruss, H.-J. & Dietrich, M. (1989). Elevated tumour necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 serum levels as markers for complicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. American Journal of Medicine, 87, 139–143.
  • Kitchen, S. F. (1949). Falciparum malaria. In Malariology, ed. Boyd, M. F. pp. 966–994. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
  • Linke, A., Kuhn, R., Muller, W., Honarvar, N., Li, C. & Langhorne, J. (1996). Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi—differential susceptibility of gene-targeted mice deficient in IL-10 to an erythrocytic-stage infection. Experimental Parasitology, 84, 253–263.
  • Loutan, L., Rossier, J., Zufferey, G., Cuenod, D., Hatz, C., Marti, H. P. & Gern, L. (1993). Imported babesiosis diagnosed as malaria. Lancet, ii, 749.
  • Maegraith, B., Gilles, H. M. & Devakul, K. (1957). Pathological processes in Babesia canis infections. Zeitschrift für Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie, 8, 485–514.
  • Persing, D. H., Herwaldt, B. L., Glaser, C., Lane, R. S., Thomford, J. W., Mathiesen, D., Krause, P. J., Phillip, D. F. & Conrad, P. A. (1995). Infection with a babesia-like organism in northern California. New England Journal of Medicine, 332, 298–303.
  • Prada, J., Malinowski, J., Muller, S., Bienzle, U. & Kremsner, P. G. (1996). Effects of Plasmodium vinckei hemozoin on the production of oxygen radicals and nitrogen oxides in murine macrophages. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 54, 620–624.
  • Rosner, F., Zarrabi, M. H., Benach, J. L. & Habicht, G. S. (1984). Babesiosis in splenectomized adults. Review of 22 reported cases. American Journal of Medicine, 76, 696–701.
  • Sherry, B. A., Alava, G., Tracey, K. J., Martiney, J., Cerami, A. & Slater, A. F. G. (1995). Malaria-specific metabolite hemozoin mediates the release of several potent endogenous pyrogens (TNF, MIP-1 alpha, and MIP-1 beta) in vitro, and altered thermoregulation in vivo. Journal of Inflammation, 45, 85–96.
  • Tapper, M. L. & Armstrong, D. (1976). Malaria complicating neoplastic disease. Archives of Internal Medicine, 136, 807–810.
  • Tracey, K. J., Lowry, S. F., Fahey, T. J., Albert, J. D., Fong, Y., Hesse, D., Beutler, B., Manogue, K. R., Calvano, S., Cerami, A. & Shires, G. T. (1987). Cachectin/tumor necrosis factor induces lethal shock and stress hormone response in the dog. Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics, 164, 415–422.
  • Uhnoo, I., Cars, O., Christensson, D. & Nystrom Rosander, C. (1992). First documented case of human babesiosis in Sweden. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 24, 541–547.
  • Walzer, P. D., Gibson, J. J. & Schultz, M. G. (1974). Malaria fatalities in the United States. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 23, 328–333.
  • Wood, P. R. & Clark, I. A. (1984). Macrophages from Babesia and malaria infected mice primed for monokine release. Parasite Immunology, 6, 309–317.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.