218
Views
23
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Tax and spend or spend and tax? Empirical evidence from Greece, Spain, Portugal and Ireland

Pages 533-546 | Published online: 04 Oct 2010

References

  • Alogoskoufis , G. 1995 . The two faces of Janus: institutions, policy regimes and macroeconomic performance in Greece . Economic Policy , 20 : 149 – 192 .
  • Anderson , W. , Wallace , M. and Warner , J. 1986 . Government spending and taxation: what causes what? . Southern Economic Journal , 52 : 630 – 639 .
  • Andrews , D. W. K. 1991 . Heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation consistent covariance matrix estimation . Econometrica , 59 : 817 – 858 .
  • Andrews , D. W. K. and Monahan , J. C. 1992 . An improved heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation consistent covariance matrix estimator . Econometrica , 60 : 953 – 966 .
  • Cesar das Neves , J. 1996 . “ Portugese postwar growth: a global approach ” . In Economic Growth in Europe Since 1945 , Edited by: Crafts , N. and Toniolo , G. 329 – 354 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Courakis , A. , Moura-Roque , F. and Tridimas , G. 1993 . Public expenditure growth in Greece and Portugal: Wagner's law and beyond . Applied Economics , 25 : 125 – 134 .
  • Engle , R. F. and Granger , C. W. J. 1987 . Co-integration and error correction: representation and testing . Econometrica , 55 : 251 – 276 .
  • Geweke , J. , Meese , R. and Dent , W. 1983 . Comparing alternative tests of causality in temporal systems: analytic results and experimental evidence . Journal of Econometrics , 21 : 161 – 194 .
  • Granger , C. W. J. 1988 . Some recent developments in a concept of causality . Journal of Econometrics , 39 : 199 – 211 .
  • Gregory , A. W. and Hansen , B. E. 1966a . Residual-based tests for cointegration in models with regime shifts . Journal of Econometrics , 70 : 99 – 126 .
  • Gregory , A. W. and Hansen , B. E. 1996b . Tests for cointegration in models with regime and trend shifts . Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics , 58 : 555 – 560 .
  • Hannan , E. J. and Quinn , B. G. 1979 . The determination of the order of an autoregression . Journal of the Royal Statistical Society , 41 : 190 – 195 .
  • Hansen , B. E. 1992 . Tests for parameter instability in regressions with I(1) processes . Journal of Business & Economic Statistics , 10 : 321 – 335 .
  • Hendry , D. F. and Neale , A. J. 1989 . The impact of structural breaks on unit root tests , UK : Nuffield College, Oxford University . mimeo
  • Jacobson , T. 1990 . On the determination of lag order in vector autoregressions of cointegrated systems , Sweden : Department of Statistics, University of Uppsala . mimeo
  • Johansen , S. 1991 . Estimation and hypothesis testing of cointegration vectors in Gaussian vector autoregressive models . Econometrica , 59 : 1551 – 1580 .
  • Kollias , C. and Makrydakis , S. V. 1995 . The causal relationship between tax revenues and government spending in Greece: 1950–90 . Cyprus Journal of Economics , 8 : 120 – 135 .
  • Kwiatkowski , D. , Phillips , P. C. B. , Schmidt , P. and Shin , Y. 1992 . Testing the null hypothesis of stationarity against the alternative of a unit root: how sure are we that economic time series have a unit root . Journal of Econometrics , 54 : 159 – 178 .
  • MacDonald , R. and Kearney , C. 1987 . On the specification of Granger-causality tests using the cointegration methodology . Economics Letters , 25 : 149 – 153 .
  • MacKinnon , J. G. 1994 . Approximate asymptotic distribution functions for unit-root and cointegration tests . Journal of Business & Economic Statistics , 12 : 167 – 176 .
  • Manage , N. and Marlow , M. 1986 . The causal relationship between federal expenditures and receipts . Southern Economic Journal , 52 : 617 – 629 .
  • Miller , S. and Russek , F. 1990 . Co-integration and error-correction models: the temporal causality between government taxes and spending . Southern Economic Journal , 57 : 221 – 229 .
  • Ng , S. and Perron , P. 1995 . Unit root tests in ARMA models with data dependent methods for the selection of the truncation lag . Journal of the American Statistical Association , 90 : 268 – 281 .
  • O'Grada , C. and O'Rourke , K. 1996 . “ Irish economic growth, 1945–88 ” . In Economic Growth in Europe Since 1945 , Edited by: Crafts , N. and Toniolo , G. 388 – 426 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Ogaki , M. 1993 . Unit roots in macroeconometrics: A survey . Bank of Japan Monetary and Economic Studies , 11 : 131 – 154 .
  • Owoye , O. 1995 . The causal relationship between taxes and expenditures in the G7 countries: cointegration and error correction models . Applied Economics Letters , 2 : 19 – 22 .
  • Paulsen , J. 1984 . Order determination of multivariate auto-regressive time series with unit roots . Journal of Time Series Analysis , 5 : 115 – 127 .
  • Perron , P. 1989 . The great crash, the oil price shock, and the unit root hypothesis . Econometrica , 57 : 1361 – 1401 .
  • Phillips , P. C. B. 1994 . Some exact distribution theory for maximum likelihood estimators of cointegrating coefficients in error models . Econometrica , 62 : 73 – 93 .
  • Phillips , P. C. B. and Perron , P. 1988 . Testing for a unit root in time series regression . Biometrica , 75 : 335 – 346 .
  • Phillips , P. C. B. and Hansen , B. E. 1990 . Statistical inference in instrumental variables regression with I(1) processes . Review of Economic Studies , 57 : 99 – 125 .
  • Prados de la Escosura , L. and Sanz , J. 1996 . “ Growth and macroeconomic performance in Spain, 1939–93 ” . In Economic Growth in Europe Since 1945 , Edited by: Crafts , N. and Toniolo , G. 355 – 387 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Provopoulos , G. and Zambaras , A. 1991 . Testing for causality between government spending and taxation . Public Choice , 68 : 277 – 282 .
  • Ram , R. 1988 . Additional evidence on causality between government revenue and government expenditure . Southern Economic Journal , 54 : 763 – 769 .
  • Said , S. E. and Dickey , D. A. 1984 . Testing for unit roots in autoregressive moving average models of unknown order . Biometrica , 71 : 599 – 607 .
  • Schwartz , G. 1978 . Estimating the dimension of a model . The Annals of Statistics , 6 : 461 – 464 .
  • Schwert , G. W. 1989 . Tests for unit roots: a Monte Carlo investigation . Journal of Business & Economic Statistics , 7 : 147 – 159 .
  • Sophton , P. S. 1995 . Response surface estimates of the KPSS stationarity tests . Economics Letters , 47 : 255 – 261 .
  • Shin , Y. 1994 . A residual based test of the null of cointegration against the alternative of no cointegration . Econometric Theory , 10 : 91 – 115 .
  • Zivot , E. and Andrews , D. W. K. 1992 . Further evidence on the great crash, the oil-price shock, and the unit-root hypothesis . Journal of Business & Economic Statistics , 10 : 251 – 270 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.