146
Views
34
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Effects of Air Pollution on Children's Respiratory Health in Three Chinese Cities

, , , , &
Pages 126-133 | Received 16 Jul 1998, Accepted 12 May 1999, Published online: 05 Apr 2010

References

  • Dockery , D W , Pope , C A Xu , X . 1993 . An association between air pollution and mortality in six U.S. cities . N Engl J Med , 329 : 1753 – 59 .
  • Von Mutius , E and Fritzsch , C. 1992 . Prevalence of asthma and allergic disorders among children in United Germany: a descriptive comparison . Br Med J , 6866 : 1395 – 99 .
  • Huang , X , Yan , L Liu , Z . June 1990 . Study of the Effects of Automobile Exhaust on Residence on Guangzhou , June , Guangzhou, ROC : Guangzhou Environmental Monitoring Station .
  • Zhou , L , Tan , Q Zhang , T . May 1990 . Study of the Effects of Atmospheric Pollution on Health on the Residence in Lanzhou , May , Gangsu, ROC : Gangsu Environmental Protection Institute .
  • He , Q , Lioy , P J Wilson , W E . 1993 . Effects of air pollution on children's pulmonary function in urban and suburban areas of Wuhan, People's Republic of China . Arch Environ Health , 48 ( 6 ) : 382 – 90 .
  • Chinese and American Scientists Discussion Memorandum Concerning Cooperative Study of Long-Term Air Pollution Effects on Lung Function. 1988 . Under Annex 1 of the China–U.S. Protocol for Scientific and Technical Cooperation in the Field of Environmental Protection. Cooperation Study Group between China and the U.S , Washington, DC : U.S. EPA, International Activities Office .
  • Chapman , R S , Calafiore , C C and Hasselblad , V. 1985 . Prevalence of persistent cough and phlegm in young adults in relation to long-term ambient sulfur oxide exposure . Am Rev Respir Dis , 132 : 261 – 67 .
  • Ware , J H , Feris , B G Dockery , D W . 1986 . Effects of ambient sulfur oxides and suspended particles on respiratory health of preadolescent children . Am Rev Respir Dis , 133 : 834 – 42 .
  • Love , G J , Lan , S Shy , C M . 1981 . The incidence and severity of acute respiratory illness in families exposed to different levels of air pollution. New York metropolitan area, 1971–1972 . Arch Environ Health , 36 : 307 – 12 .
  • Lebowitz , M D , Knudson , R J and Burrows , B. 1975 . The Tucson epidemiological study of chronic obstructive lung disease. I. Methodology and prevalence of disease . Am J Epidemiol , 102 : 137 – 52 .
  • Pope , C A Jr , Dockery , D W and Schwartz , J. 1995 . Review of epidemiological evidence of health effects of particulate air pollution . Inhal Toxicol , 7 : 1 – 18 .
  • World Health Organisation—European Region (WHO). 1995 . Update and Revision of the Air Quality Guidelines for Europe, EUR/ICP/EHAZ 94 05/PB01 , Copenhagen, Denmark : WHO-EURO .
  • Lippmann , M , Bachmann , J D Bates , D V . 1998 . Report of the Particulate Matter Research Strategies Workshop, Park City, Utah; 1996 . Appl Occup Environ Med , 13 : 485 – 93 .
  • Zmirou , D , Schwartz , J Saez , M . 1998 . Time-series analysis of air pollution and cause-specific mortality . Epidemiology , 9 : 495 – 503 .
  • Waldman , J , Lioy , P J Zelenka , M . 1991 . Wintertime measurement of acidic aerosols in Wuhan: a city in Central China . Atmos Environ , 25B : 113 – 20 .
  • Xu , X and Wang , L. 1993 . Association of indoor and outdoor particulate level with chronic respiratory illness . Am Rev Respir Dis , 148 : 1516 – 22 .
  • Qian , Z M , Chen , X Y Zhang , S C . 1992 . Urban atmospheric pollution's effect on children's pneumonic function—pulmoage loss estimation . China Environ Sci , 6 : 445 – 48 .
  • Chen , J , Peng , Z and Zheng , Y. 1992 . Physical and chemical characteristic of aerosol in Chongqing city . Chongqing Environ Sci , 3 : 25 – 28 .
  • 1982 . Environmental Monitoring Standardization Methods , People's Republic of China : National Environmental Protection Agency of PRC .
  • Zhang , J and Smith , KR. 1996 . Hydrocarbon emissions and health risks from cookstoves in developing countries . J Expos Anal Epidemiol , 6 : 147 – 61 .
  • Smith , K R , Apte , M G Yuqing , M . 1994 . Air pollution and the energy ladder in Asian cities . Energy , 19 : 587 – 600 .
  • Dockery , D W , Speizer , F E Stram , D O . 1989 . Effects of inhalable particles on the respiratory health of children . Am Rev Respir Dis , 139 : 587 – 94 .
  • Neas , L M , Dockery , D W Ware , J H . 1994 . Concentration of indoor particulate matter as a determinant of respiratory health in children . Am J Epidemiol , 139 : 1088 – 99 .
  • Dijkstra , L , Houthuijs , D Brunekreef , B . 1990 . Respiratory health effects of the indoor environment in a population of Dutch children . Am Rev Respir Dis , 142 : 1172 – 78 .
  • Cuijpers , C EJ , Swaen , G MH Wesseling , G . 1995 . Adverse effects of the indoor environment on respiratory health in primary school children . Environ Res , 68 : 11 – 23 .
  • Smith , KR. 1993 . Fuel combustion, air pollution exposure, and health: the situation in developing countries . Ann Rev Energy Environ , 18 : 529 – 66 .
  • Qin , YH. 1990 . Indoor air pollution and respiratory illness in school children . J Environ Health , 7 : 198 – 201 .
  • Liu , Q , Sasco , A J Riboli , E . 1993 . Indoor air pollution and lung cancer in Guangzhou. People's Republic of China . Am J Epidemiol , 137 : 145 – 54 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.