Symptomatology and Etiology of Multiple Chemical Sensitivities in the Southeastern United States

References

• Cullen , M R , Pace , P E and Redlich , C A . 1992 . The experience of the Yale occupational and environmental medicine clinics with multiple chemical sensitivities, 1986–1991 . Toxicol Ind Health , 8 ( 4 ) : 15 – 19 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller , C S . 1994 . Chemical sensitivity: history and phenomenology . Toxicol Ind Health , 10 ( 4/5 ) : 253 – 76 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davidoff , A L , Fogarty , L and Keyl , P M . 2000 . Psychiatric inferences from data on psychological/psychiatric symptoms in multiple chemical sensitivities syndrome . Arch Environ Med , 55 ( 31 ) : 163 – 75 .
   Google Scholar
• Lax , M B and Henneberger , P K . 1995 . Patients with multiple chemical sensitivities in an occupational health clinic: presentation and follow-up . Arch Environ Health , 51 : 425 – 31 .
   Google Scholar
• Ashford , N A and Miller , C S . 1998 . Chemical Exposures: Low Levels and High Stakes, , 2nd ed. , New York : Van Nostrand Reinhold .
   Google Scholar
• Rea , W J , Bell , I R Suits , C W . 1978 . Food and chemical sensitivity after environmental chemical exposure: case histories . Ann Allergy , 41 : 101 – 10 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Miller , C , Ashford , N Doty , R . 1997 . Empirical approaches for the investigation of toxicant-induced loss of tolerance . Environ Health Perspect , 105 : 515 – 19 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Interagency Workgroup on Multiple Chemical Sensitivity: Department of Defense, Department of Energy, Department of Health and Human Resources, Department of Veterans Affairs, United States Environmental Protection Agency . 1998 . A Report on Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) , 26 – 31 . Atlanta, GA : Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Predecisional draft
   Google Scholar
• Fiedler , N , Maccia , C and Kipen , H . 1992 . Evaluation of chemically sensitive patients . J Occup Environ Med , 34 : 529 – 38 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levin , A S and Byers , V S . 1987 . Environmental illness: a disorder of immune regulation . Occup Med , 2 : 669 – 81 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ziem , G . 1992 . Multiple chemical sensitivity: treatment and follow-up with avoidance and control of chemical exposures . Toxicol Ind Health , 8 : 73 – 86 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meggs , W J . 1992 . MCS and the immune system . Toxicol Ind Health , 8 : 203 – 13 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meggs , W J . 1995 . Multiple chemical sensitivities: chemical sensitivity as a symptom of airway inflammation . Clin Toxicol , 33 : 107 – 10 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellefson , R and Ford , R . 1996 . The porphyrias: characteristics and laboratory tests . Regul Toxicol Pharmacol , 24 : S119 – S125 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bell , I , Hardin , E Baldwin , G . 1995 . Increased limbic symptomatology and sensitizability of young adults with chemical and noise sensitivities . Environ Res , 70 : 84 – 97 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byers , V S , Levin , A S Ozonoff , D M . 1988 . Association between clinical symptoms and lymphocyte abnormalities in a population with chronic domestic exposure to industrial solvent-contaminated domestic water supply and a high incidence of leukaemia . Cancer Immunol Immunother , 27 : 77 – 81 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Interagency Workgroup on Multiple Chemical Sensitivity: Department of Defense, Department of Energy, Department of Health and Human Resources, Department of Veterans Affairs, United States Environmental Protection Agency . 1998 . A Report on Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) , 35 – 36 . Atlanta, GA : Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Predecisional draft
   Google Scholar
• Black , D , Rathe , A and Goldstein , R . 1990 . Environmental illness: a controlled study of 26 subjects with 20th century disease . JAMA , 264 : 3166 – 70 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siegel , S and Kreutzer , R . 1997 . Pavlovian conditioning and multiple chemical sensitivity . Environ Health Perspect , 105 : 521 – 26 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davidoff , A L and Fogarty , L . 1994 . Psychogenic origins of multiple chemical sensitivities syndrome: a critical review of the research literature . Arch Environ Health , 49 : 316 – 25 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Interagency Workgroup on Multiple Chemical Sensitivity Department of Defense, Department of Energy, Department of Health and Human Resources, Department of Veterans Affairs, United States Environmental Protection Agency . 1998 . A Report on Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) , 42 – 43 . Atlanta, GA : Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Predecisional draft
   Google Scholar
• National Research Council, Assembly of Life Sciences . 1981 . Indoor Pollutants , Washington, DC : National Academy Press .
   Google Scholar
• Mooser , S B . 1987 . The epidemiology of multiple chemical sensitivities (MCS) . Occup Med , 2 ( 4 ) : 663 – 81 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Meggs , W J , Dunn , K A Bloch , R M . 1996 . Prevalence and nature of allergy and chemical sensitivity in a general population . Arch Environ Health , 51 ( 4 ) : 275 – 82 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kreutzer , R , Neutra , R R and Lashuay , N . 1999 . Prevalence of people reporting sensitivities to chemicals in a population-based survey . Am J Epidemiol , 150 ( 1 ) : 1 – 12 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caress , S M and Steinemann , A C . The prevalence of multiple chemical sensitivities in a population sample from the southeast . Am J Public Health , (accepted for publication)
   Google Scholar
• Caress , S M , Steinemann , A C and Waddick , C . 2000 . The prevalence of multiple chemical sensitivities in the southeastern United States . Paper presented at Southeastern Political Science Meeting . November 2000 , Atlanta, GA. (Available from the editors of the current study.)
   Google Scholar
• Gots , R E . 1995 . Multiple chemical sensitivity: distinguishing between psychogenic and toxicodynamic . Regul Toxicol Pharmacol , 24 ( 1 ) : 8 – 15 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bell , I R , Walsh , M E Gersmeyer , A . 1997 . Cognitive dysfunctions and disabilities in geriatric veterans with self-reported intolerance to environmental chemicals . J Chronic Fatigue Syndrome , 2 ( 3 ) : 5 – 42 .
   Google Scholar
• Ashford , N A . 1999 . Low-level chemical sensitivity: implications for research and social policy . Toxicol Ind Health , 15 ( 3–4 ) : 421 – 27 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar