References
- Oberle , M. W. 1969 . Lead poisoning: a preventable childhood disease of the slums . Science , 16 : 991 – 92 .
- Gibson , J. L. 1904 . A plea for painted walls of rooms as the source of lead poisoning amongst Queensland children . Aust Med Gaz , 23 : 149 – 53 .
- Blackfan , K. D. 1917 . Lead poisoning in children with especial reference to lead as a cause of convulsions . Ann J Med Sci , 153 : 877 – 87 .
- Mahaffey , K. R. 1977 . Relation between quantities of ingested lead and health effects of lead in humans . Pediatrics , 59 ( 3 ) : 448 – 57 .
- Duggan , M. J. 1983 . Contribution of lead in dust to children's blood lead . Environ Health Perspect , 50 : 371 – 81 .
- Bellinger , D. , Sloman , J. , Leviton , A. , Rabinowitz , M. , Needleman , H. L. and Waternaux , C. 1991 . Low-level exposure and children's cognitive function in the pre-school years . Pediatrics , 87 ( 2 ) : 219 – 27 .
- Bellinger , D. , Leviton , A. , Waternaux , C. , Needleman , H. and Rabinowitz , M. 1987 . Longitudinal analysis of prenatal and postnatal lead exposure and early cognitive development . N Engl J Med , 316 : 1037 – 43 .
- Fulton , M. , Roab , G. , Thompson , G. , Laxen , D. , Hunter , R. and Hepburn , W. 1987 . Influence of blood lead on the ability and attainment of children in Edinburgh . Lancet , 1 : 1221 – 26 .
- Dietrich , K. N. , Kraft , K. M. and Bornschein , R. I. 1987 . Low level fetal lead exposure effect on neurobehavioral development in early infancy . Pediatrics , 80 ( 5 ) : 721 – 30 .
- McMichael , A. J. , Baghurst , P. A. , Wigg , N. R. , Vimpani , G. V. , Robertson , E. F. and Roberts , R. J. 1988 . Port Pirie cohort study: environmental exposure to lead and children's abilities at the age of four years . New Engl J Med , 319 : 468 – 75 .
- Needleman , H. L. and Bellinger , D. 1991 . The health effects of low level exposure to lead . Ann Rev Public Health , 12 : 111 – 40 .
- Kolbye , A. C. Jr , Mahaffey , K. R. , Fiorino , J. A. , Corneliussen , P. C. and Jelinek , C. F. 1974 . Food exposures to lead . Environ Health Perspect , : 65 – 73 .
- Mahaffey , K. R. and Goyer , R. A. 1972 . The influence of iron deficiency on tissue content and toxicity of ingested lead in the rat . J Lab Clin Med , 79 : 128 – 36 .
- Marcus , A. H. and Schwartz , J. 1987 . Dose-response curves for erythrocyte protoporphyrin vs. blood lead: effects on iron status . Environ Res , 44 : 221 – 27 .
- U.S. Census Bureau. 1990 . Census STF-a, Table 12 , Washington, D.C. : United States Department of Commerce .
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 1988 . The nature and extent of lead poisoning in children in the United States: a report to Congress , Atlanta, GA : Department of Health and Human Services .
- Needleman , H. L. , Schell , A. , Bellinger , D. , Leviton , A. and Allred , E. 1990 . The long-term effects of exposure to low doses of lead in childhood . New Engl J Med , 322 ( 2 ) : 83 – 88 .
- Chisholm , J. J. and Harrison , H. E. 1956 . The exposure of children to lead . Pediatrics , 18 : 943 – 57 .
- Isaac , R. A. and Kerber , J. D. 1971 . Atomic absorption and flame photometry: techniques and uses in soil, plant, and water analysis. Instrumental methods for analysis of soils and plant tissue 17 – 37 .
- Solomon , R. L. and Hartford , J. W. 1976 . Lead and cadmium in dusts and soils in a small urban community . Environ Sci Tech , 10 ( 8 ) : 773 – 77 .
- Hsu , S. S. 1993 . District is set to step up efforts to reduce lead contamination . The Washington Post , May 20
- Rolfe , G. L. and Hanery , A. 1975 . An ecosystem analysis of environmental contamination by lead , Champaign, IL : Institute for Environmental Studies . University of Illinois at Urbane
- Day , J. P. , Fergusson , J. E. and Chee , T. M. 1979 . Solubility and potential toxicity of lead in urban street dust . Bull Environ Toxicol , 23 : 497 – 502 .
- Reagan , P. L. and Silbergeld , E. K. 1989 . Establishing a health-based standard for lead in residential soils , St. Paul, Minnesota : Lead Coalition .
- Hammond , P. B. 1982 . “ Metabolism of lead ” . In Lead absorption in children , Edited by: Chisolm , J. J. and O'Hara , D M . 11 – 20 . Baltimore, MD : Urban and Schwarzenberg .
- Talbott , E. O. , Burgess , R. A. , Murphy , P. A. and Kuller , L. H. 1982 . Blood lead levels among high-risk children, Detroit, Michigan . Am J Public Health , 72 ( 11 ) : 1288 – 90 .
- Mahaffey , K. R. , Annest , J. L. , Robert , J. and Murphy , R. S. 1982 . National estimate of blood lead levels: United States, 1966–1980 association with selected demographic and socioeconomic factors . New Engl J Med , 307 ( 10 ) : 573 – 79 .
- Mielke , H. W. , Anderson , J. C. , Berry , K. J. , Mielke , P. W. , Chaney , F. L. and Leech , M. 1983 . Lead concentration in inner-city soils as a factor in the child lead problem . Am J Public Health , 73 ( 12 ) : 1366 – 69 .