References
- Torrey E. F. Schizophrenia and Civilization. Aronson, New York 1980, ch. 2
- Tucker G. A. Lunacy in Many Lands. Charles Potter, Sydney 1887
- McKeown T. The Modern Rise of Population. Arnold, London 1976; 103, For example, A similar change was shown by general paralysis. Thus Kraepelin, in the ninth edition of his Psychiatie1927, vol. 2, 1145) says ‘we may draw the very probable conclusion that general paralysis, which was formerly uncommon, underwent a progressively rapid increase from the beginning of the last century and for some time now has been gradually diminishing’. For changes in the clinical picture of general paralysis, see E. H. Hare, The origin and spread of dementia paralytica, J Ment Sci, 1959, 105, 594–626
- Altschule M. Historical perspective and evolution of the concept of schizophrenia. The Biology of the Schizophrenic Process, S. Wolf, B. B. Berle. Plenum Press, New York, ch. 1
- Contrast Jeste D. V., Carmen R., Lohr J. B., Wyatt R. J. Did schizophrenia exist before the eighteenth century?. Compr Psychiat 1985; 26: 493–503
- Ellard's point about the possible toxic effects of medicaments on mental state is illustrated by the case of the patient described as ‘stark mad’ from mercury treatments. 192
- Slade P. Hallucinations. Psychol Med 1976; 6: 7–13
- Hare E. H. Epidemiological evidence for a viral factor in the aetiology of the functional psychoses. Adv Biol Psychiat 1983; 12: 52–75
- Diethelm O. Medical Dissertations of Psychiatric Interest printed before 1750. Karger, Basle 1971; 154
- Clarke B. Mental Disorders in earlier Britain: Exploratory Studies. University of Wales Press, Cardiff 1975; 200
- Cox J. M. Practical Observations on Insanity, 2nd edn. Baldwin and Murray, London 1806; 9, 14
- Hay G. G. The illness of Ludwig II of Bavaria. Psychol Med 1977; 7: 189–96, Robert Schumann (Slater, E. & Meyer, A. Contributions to a pathology of the musicians: 1, Robert Schumann, Confin Psychiat 2, 1959, 65–94). Of Schumann's case, Slater and Meyer observe that ‘the very facts which led Mobius to a diagnosis of schizophrenia lead Gruhle to a diagnosis of cyclothymia’ For example, the cases of Ludwig II of Bavaria