1,208
Views
432
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Fire and The Australian Flora: A Review

Pages 4-25 | Received 09 Sep 1974, Published online: 15 Apr 2013

REFERENCES

  • Ahlgren , I. F. and Ahlgren , C. E. 1960 . Ecological effects of forest fires. . Bot Rev. , 26 : 483 – 533 .
  • Anon . 1966 . Forest fire losses in Australia 1964–65. Forestry and Timber Bureau, Comm. of Australia, Leaflet No. 102.
  • Ashton , D. H. 1956 . “ Studies on the autecology of ” . In Eucalyptus regnans F.v.M. Ph.D. thesis, Univ. Melbourne.
  • Ashton , D. H. 1958 . The ecology of Eucalyptus regnans F. . Muell.: the species and its frost resistance. Aust. J. Bot. , 6 : 154 – 176 .
  • Ashton , D. H. and Macauley , B. J. 1972 . Winter leaf spot disease of seedlings of Eucalyptus regnans and its relation to forest litter. . Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. , 58 : 377 – 386 .
  • Australian Conservation Foundation . 1970 . Bushfire control and conservation. Viewpoint Ser. 5, 13 pp.
  • Baird , A. M. 1958 . Notes on the regeneration of Garden Island after the 1956 fire. . J. Roy. Soc W.A. , 41 : 102 – 107 .
  • Baker , F. S. 1950 . ”Principles of Silviculture”. New York : McGraw Hill Book Co. .
  • Baxter , J. R. , Packham , D. R. and Peet , G. B. 1966 . Control burning from aircraft. C.S.I.R.O. Aust. Chem. Res. Labs. Report.
  • Beadle , N. C. W. 1940 . Soil temperatures during forest fires and their effect on the survival of vegetation. . J Ecol. , 28 : 180 – 192 .
  • Blaisdell , J. P. and Mueggler , W. F. 1956 . Sprouting of bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata) following burning or top removal. . Ecol. , 37 : 365 – 370 .
  • Blake , S. T. 1938 . The plant communities of Western Queensland and their relationships with special reference to the grazing industry. . Proc. Roy. Soc Q'ld. , 49 : 156 – 204 .
  • Boomsma , C. D. 1969 . The forest vegetation of South Australia. Bull. No. 18. Woods and Forest Dept., South Australia.
  • Burbidge , N. T. 1960 . Phytogeography of the Australian region. . Aust. J Bot. , 8 : 72 – 211 .
  • Burrell , J. 1968 . The invasion of Victorian heathlands by Leptospermum laevigatum. . Proc. Ecol. Soc. Aust. , 3 : 39
  • Carr , S. G. M. 1962 . The role of shrubs in some plant communities of the Bogong High Plains. . Proc. Roy. Soc Vict. , 75 : 301 – 310 .
  • Carrol , E. J. and Ashton , D. H. 1965 . Seed storage in soils of several Victorian plant communities. . Vict Natur. , 82 : 102 – 110 .
  • Christensen , P. 1971 . Stimulation of seedfall in karri. . Aust For. , 35 : 180 – 190 .
  • Coaldrake , J. E. 1961 . Ecosystems of the Coastal Lowlands, Southern Queensland. Bull. No. 283. C.S.I.R.O., Australia.
  • Cochrane , G. R. 1966 . Bushfires and vegetation regeneration. . Vict Natur. , 83 : 4 – 10 .
  • Costin , A. B. 1954 . ”A Study of the Ecosystems of the Monaro Region of New South Wales”. Soil Conservation Service N.S.W., Sydney.
  • Cremer , K. W. 1962 . The effect of fire on eucalypts reserved for seeding. . Aust For. , 26 : 129 – 154 .
  • Cremer , K. W. 1965 . How eucalypt fruits release their seed. . Aust. J Bot. , 13 : 11 – 16 .
  • Cremer , K. W. 1972 . Morphology and development of primary and accessory buds of Eucalyptus regnans. . Aust. J. Bot. , 20 : 175 – 196 .
  • Cremer , K. W. 1973 . Ability of Eucalyptus regnans and associated evergreen hardwoods to recover from cutting or complete defoliation in different seasons. . Aust. For. Res. , 6 : 9 – 22 .
  • Cremer , K. W. and Mount , A. B. 1965 . Early stages of plant succession following the complete felling and burning of Eucalyptus regnans forest in the Florentine Valley, Tasmania. . Aust. J. Bot. , 13 : 303 – 322 .
  • Cunningham , T. M. 1960 . “ The natural regeneration of ” . In Eucalyptus regnans. Univ. Melb. Sch. For. Bull. 1.
  • Cunningham , T. M. and Cremer , K. W. 1965 . Control of the understory in wet eucalypt forest. . Aust For. , 29 : 4 – 14 .
  • Daubenmire , R. 1968 . Ecology of fire in grasslands. . Adv. Ecol Res. , 5 ( 855 ) : 209 – 266 . Dobzhansky, T.(1956—What is an adaptive trait? Amer. Natur., 90: 337–347
  • Domin , K. 1911 . Queensland's plant associations. . Proc. Roy. Soc Q'ld. , 23 : 57 – 74 .
  • Eiten , G. 1972 . The cerrado vegetation of Brazil. . Bot Rev. , 38 : 201 – 341 .
  • Everist , S. L. 1949 . Mulga (Acacia aneura F. . Muell.) in Queensland. Q'ld. J. AgriC. Sci. , 6 : 87 – 139 .
  • Floyd , A. G. 1966 . Effect of fire on weed seeds in wet sclerophyll forests of northern New South Wales. . Aust. J Bot. , 14 : 243 – 256 .
  • Florence , R. G. 1964 . Edaphic control of vegetational pattern in east coast forests. . Proc. Linn. Soc N.S.W. , 89 : 171 – 190 .
  • Francis , W. D. 1970 . ”Australian Rain-forest Trees”. Australia : Canberra . Forestry and Timber Bur., Comm
  • Galbraith , A. V. 1937 . Eucalyptus regnans Melbourne : Government Printer . Mountain Ash (F. von Mueller). A general treatise on its silviculture, management and utilization
  • Gardner , C. A. 1957 . The fire factor in relation to the vegetation of Western Australia. . W.A Natur. , 5 : 166 – 173 .
  • Garren , K. M. 1943 . Effects of fire on vegetation of the southeastern United States. . Bot Rev. , 9 : 617 – 647 .
  • Gilbert , J. M. 1959 . Forest succession in the Florentine Valley, Tasmania. . Pap. Proc. Roy. Soc Tas. , 93 : 129 – 151 .
  • Gilbert , J. M. 1963 . Fire as a factor in the development of vegetation types. . Aust For. , 27 : 67 – 70 .
  • Gill , A. M. 1974 . Towards an understanding of fire-scar formation: field observation and laboratory simulation. . Forest Sci. , 20 : 198 – 205 .
  • Gill , A. M. 1975 . “ Fire and the opening of ” . In Banksia ornata F. Muell. follicles (In prep.).
  • Gill , A. M. and Ashton , D. H. 1968 . The role of bark type in relative tolerance to fire of three Central Victorian eucalypts. . Aust. J Bot. , 16 : 491 – 498 .
  • Gill , E. D. 1957 . The statigraphical occurrence and palaeoecology of some Australian Tertiary marsupials. . Mem. Nat. Mus Vict. , 21 : 135 – 203 .
  • Gill , E. D. 1964 . Rocks contiguous with the basaltic cuirass of Western Victoria. . Proc. Roy. Soc Vict. , 77 : 331 – 355 .
  • Gill , E. D. 1965 . The paleogeography of Australia in relation to the migrations of marsupials and men. . Trans. New York Acad. Sci. Ser. II Vol. , 28 : 5 – 14 .
  • Golson , J. 1972 . The remarkable history of Indo-Pacific Man: missing chapters from every world prehistory. . Search , 3 : 13 – 21 .
  • Grose , R. J. 1960 . Effective seed supply for the natural regeneration of Eucalyptus delegatensis R. . T. Baker, syn. Eucalyptus gigantea Hook.f. J. Aust. Pulp and Paper Industry Tech. Assoc. , 13 : 141 – 147 .
  • Groves , R. H. 1968 . Physiology of sclerophyll shrubs in south eastern Australia. . Proc. Ecol. Soc Aust. , 3 : 40 – 45 .
  • Hadlington , P. and Gardner , M. J. 1959 . Diadoxus erythrurus (White) (Coleoptera- Buprestidae), attack of fire damaged Callitris spp. . Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. , 84 : 325 – 331 .
  • Hare , R. C. 1965 . Contribution of bark to fire resistance of southern trees. . J For. , 63 : 248 – 251 .
  • Howard , T. and Ashton , D. H. 1967 . Studies of soil seed in snow gum woodland. . Vict Natur. , 84 : 331 – 335 .
  • Isbell , R. F. 1969 . The distribution of black spear grass (Heteropogon contortus) in tropical Queensland. . Trop. Grass. , 3 : 35 – 41 .
  • Jackson , W. D. 1968a . Fire, air, water and earth— an elemental ecology of Tasmania. . Proc. Ecol. Soc Aust. , 3 : 9 – 16 .
  • Jackson , W. D. 1968 . Tasmanian Year Book No. , 2 : 50 – 55 . 6)—Fire and the Tasmanian flora
  • Jacobs , M. R. 1955 . ”Growth Habits of the Eucalypts”. Government Printer, Canberra.
  • Jarrett , P. H. and Petrie , A. H. K. 1929 . The vegetation of Black's Spur Region. . II. Pyric succession. J Ecol. , 17 : 249 – 281 .
  • Jepson , W. L. 1911 . Tanbark oak and the tanning industry. . In: Californian Tanbark Oak. USDA For. Ser. Bull. , 75 : 5 – 23 .
  • Jepson , W. L. 1916 . Regeneration in manzanita. . Madrono. , 1 : 3 – 11 .
  • Jessup , R. W. 1951 . The soils, geology and vegetation of northwest South Australia. . Trans. Roy. Soc S.A. , 74 : 189 – 273 .
  • Kerr , L. R. 1925 . The lignotubers of eucalypt seedlings. . Proc. Roy. Soc Vict. , 37 : 79 – 97 .
  • King , A. R. 1963 . The influence of colonization on the forests and the prevalence of bushfires in Australia. CSIRO Div. Physical Chem. Mimeographed Report.
  • Kormanik , P. P. and Brown , C. L. 1966 . Epicormic branching and sprouting in hardwoods: a new look at an old problem. 21 – 24 . Symposium on hardwood of the piedmont and coastal plain, pp. Georgia For. Res. Council, Macon, Georgia
  • Korovin , V. V. 1970 . Osobennosti stroeniya berezovykh kapov. . (Transl: Specific features of burl structure in the birch Belula pubescens Ehrh.) Bot. Zh. , 55 : 1575 – 1584 . (Biol. Abst. 52(19): 110005)
  • Lacey , C. J. 1974 . Rhizomes in tropical eucalypts and their role in recovery from fire damage. . Aust. J Bot. , 22 : 29 – 38 .
  • Lange , R. T. 1966 . Vegetation in the Musgrave Ranges, South Australia. . Trans. Roy. Soc S.A. , 90 : 57 – 64 .
  • Lawrence , A. O. 1939 . Notes on the silviculture and management of Eucalyptus obliqua (messmate) forests in Central Victoria. . Aust. For. , 4 : 4 – 10 .
  • Leeper , G. W. , ed. 1970 . ”The Australian Environment”., , 7th Edition Melbourne : CSIRO . (rev.)
  • Leigh , J. H. and Mulham , W. E. 1971 . The effect of defoliation on the persistence of Atriplex vesicaria. . Aust. J. Agric. Res. , 22 : 239 – 244 .
  • Lewis , H. 1962 . Catastrophic selection as a factor in speciation. . Evolution , 16 : 257 – 271 .
  • Luke , R. H. 1961 . ”Bush Fire Control in Australia”. Hodder and Stoughton, Melbourne.
  • McArthur , A. G. 1968 . The fire resistance of eucalypts. . Proc. Ecol. Soc Aust. , 3 : 83 – 90 .
  • McArthur , A. G. 1972 . Fire control in the arid and semi-arid lands of Australia. 488 – 515 . “The Use of Trees and Shrubs in the Dry Country of Australia”. Aust. Govt. Publ. Service, Canberra
  • McArthur , A. G. and Cheney , N. P. 1966 . The characterization of fires in relation to ecological studies. . Aust. For Res. , 2 : 36 – 45 .
  • Maggs , D. H. and McEalexander , D. 1967 . A topophysic relation between regrowth and pruning in Eucalyptus cladocalyx. . F. Muell. Aust. J. Bot. , 15 : 1 – 9 .
  • Main , B. Y. 1967 . “Between Wodjil and Tor.” Jacaranda Press, Brisbane
  • Martin , R. E. 1963 . A basic approach to fire injury of tree stems. . Proc Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference , 2 : 151 – 162 .
  • Moore , R. M. 1972 . Trees and shrubs in Australian sheep grazing lands. Edited by: Leigh , J. H. and Noble , J. C. 55 – 64 . “Plants for Sheep in Australia”, pp. Angus and Robertson, Sydney
  • Mount , A. B. 1964 . The interdependence of the eucalypts and forest fires in southern Australia. . Aust For. , 28 : 166 – 172 .
  • Mount , A. B. 1969 . Eucalypt ecology as related to fire. . Proc Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference , 9 : 75 – 108 .
  • Mutch , R. W. 1970 . Wildland fires and ecosystems—a hypothesis. . Ecol. , 51 : 1046 – 1051 .
  • Norman , M. J. T. 1963 . The short term effects of time and frequency of burning on native pasture at Katherine, N.T. . Aust. J. Expt. Agric. An Husb. , 3 : 26 – 29 .
  • Packham , D. R. 1971 . Heat transfer above a small ground fire. . Aust. For Res. , 5 : 19 – 24 .
  • Peet , G. B. 1971 . Litter accumulation in jarrah and karri forests. . Aust For. , 35 : 258 – 262 .
  • Penfold , A. R. and Willis , J. L. 1961 . ”The Eucalypts”. Leonard Hill, London.
  • Petrie , A. H. K. 1925 . An ecological study of the flora of Mt. . Wilson. II. The Eucalyptus forests. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. , 50 : 145 – 166 .
  • Pidgeon , I. M. 1938 . The ecology of the central coast area of New South Wales. . II. Plant succession on the Hawkesbury sandstone. Proc. Linn. Soc N.S.W. , 63 : 1 – 26 .
  • Preece , P. B. 1971a . Contributions to the biology of mulga. . I. Flowering. Aust. J Bot. , 19 : 21 – 38 .
  • Preece , P. B. 1971b . Contributions to the biology of mulga. . II. Germination. Aust. I Bot. , 19 : 39 – 49 .
  • Priestley , C. H. B. 1959 . Heat conduction and temperature profiles in air and soil. . J. Aust. Inst. Agric Sci. , 25 : 94 – 107 .
  • Pryor , L. D. 1939 . The bushfire problem in the Australian Capital Territory. . Aust For. , 4 : 33 – 38 .
  • Pryor , L. D. 1940 . The effect of fire on exotic conifers. . Aust For. , 5 : 37 – 38 .
  • Pryor , L. D. 1957 . The inheritance of some characters in Eucalyptus. . Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. , 82 : 147 – 155 .
  • Quinlivan , B. J. 1971 . Seed coat impermeability in legumes. . J. Aust. Inst. Agric Sci. , 37 : 283 – 295 .
  • Reifsnyder , W. E. , Herrington , L. P. and Spalt , K. W. 1967 . Thermophysical properties of bark of short leaf, long leaf and red pine. Yale Univ. Sch. For. Bull. 70.
  • Shaw , N. H. 1957 . Bunch spear grass dominance in burnt pastures in south-eastern Queensland. . Aust. J. Agric Res. , 8 : 325 – 335 .
  • Shaw , N. H. and Bissett , W. J. 1955 . Characteristics of a bunch spear grass (Heteropogon contortus (L.) Beauv.) pasture grazed by cattle in subtropical Queensland. . Aust. J. Agric. Res. , 6 : 539 – 552 .
  • Specht , R. L. , Rayson , P. and Jackman , M. E. 1958 . Dark Island Heath (Ninety- Mile Plain, South Australia). . VI. Pyric succession; changes in composition, coverage, dryweight, and mineral status. Aust. J. Bot. , 6 : 59 – 88 .
  • Stickel , P. W. 1941 . On the relation between bark character and resistance to fire. U.S. For. Serv. N.E. For. Expt. Sta. Tech. Note 39.
  • Stocker , G. C. 1966 . Effects of fires on vegetation in the Northern Territory. . Aust For. , 30 : 223 – 230 .
  • Stone , E. C. 1951 . Stimulating effect of fires on flowering of the golden Brodiaea. . Ecology , 32 : 534 – 537 .
  • Stone , E. L. and Cornwall , S. M. 1968 . Basal bud burls in Betula populifolia. . For. Sci. , 14 : 64 – 65 .
  • Suijdendorp , H. 1969 . Deferred grazing improves soft spinifex association. . J. Dept. Agrie W.A. , 10 : 487 – 488 .
  • Thompson , J. 1961 . Papilionaceae. . I. Contrib. N.S.W. Nat Herb. , 101 : 1 – 91 .
  • Tomlinson , P. B. and Zimmermann , M. H. 1969 . Vascular anatomy of monocotyledons with secondary growth—an introduction. . J Arnold Arboretum , 50 : 159 – 179 .
  • Tothill , I. C. 1966 . Phenological variation in Heteropogon contortus and its relation to climate. . Aust. J. Bot. , 14 : 35 – 47 .
  • Tothill , J. C. 1969 . Soil temperatures and seed burial in relation to the performance of Heteropogon contortus and Themeda australis in burnt native woodland pastures in Eastern Queensland. . Aust. J. Bot. , 17 : 269 – 275 .
  • Tothill , J. C. 1971 . A review of fire in the management of native pasture with particular reference to North-eastern Australia. . Tropical Grass. , 5 : 1 – 10 .
  • Vines , R. G. 1968 . Heat transfer through bark, and the resistance of trees to fire. . Aust. I Bot. , 16 : 499 – 514 .
  • Vines , R. G. 1970 . A survey of forest fire danger in Victoria (1937–1969). . Aust. For Res. , 4 : 39 – 44 .
  • Vogl , R. I. 1967 . Fire adaptations of some southern Californian plants. 79 – 110 . Proc. Calif. Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conf
  • Wallace , W. R. 1966 . Fire in the jarrah forest environment. . J. Roy. Soc W.A. , 49 : 33 – 44 .
  • Webb , L. J. 1968 . Environmental relationships of the structural types of Australian rainforest vegetation. . Ecology , 49 : 296 – 311 .
  • West , O. 1965 . Fire in vegetation and its use in pasture management with special reference to tropical and subtropical Africa. Mimeo. Pub. 1/1965 Comm. Agric. Bur. Gr. Britain.
  • Williams , W. L. 1940 . Regeneration of coastal flora at Dromana. . Vict Natur. , 57 : 43 – 44 .
  • Willis , J. H. 1962a . Land flora of Victoria. Victorian Year Book No. 76. Comm. Bur. Census and Statistics, Victorian Office.
  • Willis , J. H. 1962b . ”A Handbook to Plants in Victoria.” Volume 1. M.U.P., Melbourne.
  • Willis , J. H. 1972 . ”A Handbook to Plants in Victoria.” Volume 2. London : Cambridge Univ. Press .
  • Wood , I. G. 1937 . “Vegetation of South Australia.” Government Printer, Adelaide
  • Zimmer , W. J. 1940 . Plant invasions in the mallee. . Vict Natur. , 56 : 143 – 147 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.