Advanced search
Publication Cover
Australian Geographer Volume 30, 1999 - Issue 2
Submit an article Journal homepage
163
Views
18
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Geomorphology of the Sub-Antarctic Australian Territory of Heard Island-McDonald Island

KEVIN KIERNAN
&
ANNE McCONNELL
Pages 159-195 | Published online: 27 May 2010

  • ADAMSON , D.A. , SELKIRK , P.M. and COLHOUN , E.A. 1988 . 'Landforms of aeolian, tectonic and marine origin in the Bauer Bay-Sandy Bay region of subantarctic Macquarie Island' . Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania , 122 : 65 – 82 .
  • ADAMSON , D.A. 1996 . “ 'Pleistocene uplift and palaeoenvironments of Macquarie Island: evidence from palaeobeaches and sedimentary deposits' ” . In Climatic succession and glacial history of the Southern Hemisphere over the last five million years Edited by: Banks , M.R. and Brown , M.J. 25 – 32 . (Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 130(2))
  • ALLISON , I.F. 1980 . A preliminary investigation of the physical characteristics of the Vahsel Glacier, Heard Island , ANARE Scientific Reports 128 Hobart : ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) .
  • ALLISON , I.F. and KEAGE , P.L. 1986 . 'Recent changes in the glaciers of Heard Island' . Polar Record , 23 (144) : 255 – 71 .
  • AUSTRALIAN ANTARCTIC DIVISION . 1995 . Heard Island Wilderness Reserve Management Plan , Hobart : Antarctic Division, Department of the Environment, Sport & Territories .
  • BARLING , J. , GOLDSTEIN , S.L. and NICHOLLS , I.A. 1994 . 'Geochemistry of Heard Island (southern Indian Ocean): characterisation of an enriched mantle component and implications for enrichment of the sub-Indian Ocean mantle' . Journal of Petrology , 35 : 1017 – 53 .
  • BARLING , J. 1987 . 'Heard and McDonald Islands' . American Geophysical Union, Antarctic Research Series , 48 : 435 – 41 .
  • BAUER , A. 1963 . 'Les glaciers de l'Ile de Kerguelen' . Comite National Francais pour les Recherches Antarctiques , 2 : 1 – 75 .
  • BELLAIR , P. 1965 . 'Un example de glaciation aberrante, les Iles Kerguelen' . Comite National Francais pour les Recherches Antarctiques , 11 : 1 – 27 .
  • BIRD , E.C.F. 1985 . Coastline changes: a global review , Chichester : Wiley .
  • BIRKELAND , P.W. 1984 . Soils and geomorphology , New York : Oxford University Press .
  • BOULTON , G.S. 1970 . 'On the deposition of subglacial and meltout tills at the margins of certain Svalbard glaciers' . Journal of Glaciology , 9 : 232 – 45 .
  • BOULTON , G.S . 'Till genesis and fabric in Svalbard, Spitzbergen' . Till: a symposium . Edited by: Goldthwait , R.P. pp. 41 – 72 . Columbus : Ohio State University Press .
  • BUDD , W.F. and ALLISON , I.F. 'An empirical scheme for estimating the dynamics of unmeasured glaciers' . Snow and Ice Symposium . pp. 246 – 56 . (IASH-AISH Publication 104)
  • BUDD , G. M. and STEPHENSON , P.J. 'Recent glacier retreat on Heard Island' . Proceedings, ISAGE Symposium . September 3-7 1968 , Hannover, USA. pp. 449 – 58 .
  • CLARKE , I. , McDOUGALL , I. and WHITFORD , D.J. 1983 . “ 'Volcanic evolution of Heard and McDonald Islands, Southern Indian Ocean' ” . In Antarctic earth science Edited by: Oliver , R. , James , P.R. and Jago , J.B. 631 – 5 . (Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences 1982, Australian Academy of Science, Canberra)
  • CLAPPERTON , C. 1993 . Quaternary geology and geomorphology of South America , Amsterdam : Elsevier .
  • CLAPPERTON , C. and SUGDEN , D.E. 1976 . 'Maximum extent of glaciers in part of West Falkland' . Journal of Glaciology , 17 : 73 – 7 .
  • CLAPPERTON , C. 1978 . “ 'Glacier fluctuations in South Georgia and comparison with other island groups in the Scotia Sea' ” . In Antarctic glacial history and world palaeoenvironments , Edited by: van Zindren Bakker , E.M. Volume 8 , 95 – 104 . Rotterdam : Balkema .
  • COLLERSON , K.D. , KIERNAN , K. and WILLIAMS , R.W. 1998a . 'McDonald Islands, southern Indian Ocean, Australia: the eruption of 1996-97 and its inferred lavas and tephra' . Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network , 23 (2) : 1 – 3 . (Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC.) (http://www.volcano.si.edu/ gvp/volcano/region03/indianoc/mcdonald/gvnb.htm#top)
  • COLLERSON , K.D. '1997 Eruption of McDonald Island (Southern Indian Ocean): new trace element and Th-Sr-Pb-Nd isotopic constraints on Heard-McDonald Island magmatism' . Abstract, 14th Australian Geological Convention . July 1998 , Townsville.
  • DAVIES , J.L. 1972 . Geographical variation in coastal development , Edinburgh : Oliver & Boyd .
  • DENTON , G.H. and HUGHES , T.J. 1981 . The last great ice sheets , New York : Wiley .
  • FRENCH , H.M. 1976 . The periglacial environment , London : Longman .
  • GREEN , K. 1998 . “ 'Coastal landform changes at Heard Island' ” . In Heard Island Wilderness Reserve: Reports on Natural Science and Cultural Heritage Research , 7 Hobart : ANARE . (ANARE Research Notes 101)
  • HALL , K.J. 1977 . 'Some observations on the former sea levels of Marion Island' . South African Journal of Antarctic Research , 7 : 19 – 22 .
  • HALL , K. 1979 . 'Late glacial ice cover and palaeotemperatures on sub-Antarctic Marion Island' . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , 29 : 243 – 59 .
  • HALL , K. 1983 . 'Observations of some periglacial features and their palaeoenvironmental implications on sub-Antarctic islands Marion and Kerguelen' . South African Journal of Antarctic Research , 13 : 35 – 40 .
  • HALL , K. 1984 . 'Evidence in favour of an extensive ice cover on sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Island during the last glacial' . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , 47 : 225 – 32 .
  • HALL , K.J. and WILLIAMS , A.J. 1981 . 'Animals as agents of erosion at sub-Antarctic Marion Island' . South African Journal of Antarctic Research , 10/11 : 18 – 24 .
  • HICKS , S.D. and SHOFNOS , W. 1965 . 'The determination of land emergence from sea level observations in southeast Alaska' . Journal of Geophysical Research , 70 : 3315 – 20 .
  • HON , K. 1994 . 'Emplacement and inflation of pahoehoe sheet flows: observations and measurements of active lava flows on Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii' . Geological Society of America Bulletin , 106 : 531 – 70 .
  • HYDROGRAPHIC BRANCH . 1949 . Heard Island (nautical chart) , Australia : Department of the Navy .
  • INMAN , D.L. and NORDSTROM , C.E. 1971 . 'On the tectonic and morphologic classification of coasts' . Journal of Geology , 79 : 1 – 21 .
  • JENNINGS , J.N. and BIRD , E.C.F. 1967 . “ 'Regional geomorphological characteristics of some Australian estuaries' ” . In Estuaries , Edited by: Lauff , G.H. Volume 83 , 121 – 8 . Publication of the American Association for the Advancement of Science .
  • KIERNAN , K. 1984 . 'Morphological karst on some New Zealand glaciers' . Journal of the Sydney Speleological Society , 24 : 257 – 73 .
  • KIERNAN , K. 'Volcanokarst in the culture and landscape of Easter Island' . Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Vulcanospeleology, Bend, Oregon, 1982 . Edited by: Halliday , W.R. pp. 85 – 91 . Seattle : International Speleological Foundation .
  • KIERNAN , K. and MCCONNELL , A. 1997a . “ 'Volcanic landforms of Azorella Peninsula, Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands: resources and management considerations' ” . Hobart : Australian Antarctic Division . unpublished report
  • KIERNAN , K. and MCCONNELL , A. 1997b . “ 'Heard Island Project 96/09 Component 2. Glacial geomorphology and sediments' ” . Hobart : Australian Antarctic Division . Voyage 5 report
  • KIERNAN , K. , MCCONNELL , A. and YATES , A. 1997 . “ 'Heard Island Project 96/09 Component 1. Lava caves on Azorella Peninsula: Interim Summary of Progress' ” . Hobart : Australian Antarctic Division . Voyage 5 report to
  • KIERNAN , K. , MCCONNELL , A. and YATES , A. 1998 . 'Tube-fed pahoehoe lava flow features of Azorella Peninsula, Heard Island, southern Indian Ocean' . Polar Record , 34 (190) : 225 – 35 .
  • LAMBETH , A.J. 1950 . 'Heard Island: geography and glaciology' . Journal of the Royal Society of New South Wales , 84 : 92 – 8 .
  • LAMBETH , A.J. 1952 . 'A geological account of Heard Island' . Royal Society of New South Wales Journal and Proceedings , 86 : 14 – 19 .
  • LAWLER , D. , BJORNSSON , H. and DOLAN , M. 1996 . 'Impact of subglacial geothermal activity on meltwater quality' . Hydrological Processes , 10 : 557 – 78 .
  • LEDINGHAM , R. and PETERSON , J.A. 1984 . 'Raised beach deposits and the distribution of structural lineaments on Macquarie Island' . Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania , 118 : 223 – 35 . (plus maps)
  • MACPHAIL , M.K. 1993 . 'Glacial climates in the Antarctic region during the late Paleogene: evidence from northwest Tasmania, Australia' . Geology , 21 : 145 – 8 .
  • MATTOX , T.N. 1993 . 'Development of the 1990 Kalapana flow field, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii' . Bulletin Volcanologique , 55 : 407 – 13 .
  • MERCER , J.H. 1983 . 'Cenozoic glaciation in the southern hemisphere' . Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences , 11 : 99 – 132 .
  • MOLNIA , R. 'Rapid shoreline erosion at Icy Bay, Alaska' . Proceedings, 11th Offshore Technology Conference . Vol. 4 , pp. 115 – 26 .
  • MOLNIA , R. 'Sedimentation in coastal embayments, northeastern Gulf of Alaska' . Proceedings, 9th Offshore Technology Conference . pp. 665 – 70 .
  • NOUGIER , J. 1970 . 'Contribution a l'etude geologique et geomorphologique des Iles Kerguelen' . Comite National Francais pour les Recherches Antarctiques , 27 : 379 – 81 .
  • NOUGIER , J. 1972 . 'Aspects de morpho-tectonique glaciaire aux Iles Kerguelen' . Revue de Geographie Physique et de Geologie Dynamique , 14 : 499 – 505 .
  • NUMMEDAL , D. and STEPHEN , M.F. 1976 . Coastal dynamics and sediment transportation, northeast Gulf of Alaska , Technical Report, 9-CRD University of South Carolina .
  • OLLIER , C.D. 1967 . 'Maars: their characteristics, varieties and definition . Bulletin Volcanologique , 31 : 45 – 73 .
  • OLLIER , C.D. 1969 . Volcanoes , Canberra : Australian National University Press .
  • QUILTY , P.G. 1983 . “ 'Microfossil evidence for the age and environment of deposition of the sediments of Heard and McDonald Islands' ” . In Antarctic earth science , Edited by: Oliver , R. , James , P.R. and Jago , J.B. 636 – 9 . Canberra : Australian Academy of Science . (Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences 1982)
  • RADDOCK , U. and WATTS , D. 'A synoptic background to glacier variations of Heard Island' . Snow and Ice Symposium . pp. 42 – 56 . (International Association of Hydrological Sciences-AISH Publication 104)
  • RUDDELL , A. and ALLISON , I. 'The sensitivity of glaciers at Heard Island to climate changes and their recent response' . Abstracts, IAMAS/IAPSO Symposium, 'Glaciers of the Southern Hemisphere' . July 1997 , Melbourne.
  • SELKIRK , P.M. , ADAMSON , D.A. and SEPPELT , R.D. 1988 . 'Terrace types and vegetation dynamics on Macquarie Island' . Papers & Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania , 122 : 59 – 64 .
  • SELKIRK , D.R. 1988 . 'Ridge top peats and paleolake deposits on Macquarie Island' . Papers & Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania , 122 : 83 – 90 .
  • SEPPELT , R.D. and HUGHES , J.M.R. 1987 . 'Contrasts in vegetation patterns: Heard Island and Macquarie Island' . Comite National Francais pour les Recherches Antarctiques , 58 : 171 – 5 .
  • SHEPARD , F.P. and WANLESS , H.R. 1971 . Our changing coastlines , New York : McGraw-Hill .
  • SIGURDSSON , O. and JONSSON , T. 1995 . 'Relation of glacier variations to climate change in Iceland' . Annals of Glaciology , 21 : 263 – 70 .
  • SKINNER , C.E. 'Open vertical volcanic conduits: a preliminary investigation of an unusual volcanic cave form with examples from Newberry Volcano and the central high Cascades of Oregon' . Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Vulcanospeleology, Bend, Oregon, 1982 . Edited by: Halliday , W.R. pp. 7 – 17 . Seattle : International Speleological Foundation .
  • STEARNS , H.T. 1966 . Geology of the State of Hawaii , Palo Alto, CA : Panin Books .
  • STEPHENSON , P.J. 1964 . “ 'Some geological observations on Heard Island' ” . In Antarctic geology , Edited by: Adie , R.J. 14 – 24 . Amsterdam : North Holland Publishing Co. .
  • TALJAARD , J.J. and VAN LOON , H. 1984 . “ 'Climate of the Indian Ocean south of 35 degrees S' ” . In Climates of the oceans , Edited by: Landsberg , H.E. Volume 15 , 505 – 601 . Amsterdam : Elsevier . World Survey of Climatology
  • TROLL , C. 1960 . 'The relationship between climates, ecology and plant geography of the southern cold temperate zone and of the tropical high mountains' . Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B , 152 : 529 – 32 .
  • VALLON , M. 1977 . 'Bilan de masse et fluctuations recentes du Glacier Ampere (Iles Kerguelen, TAAF)' . Zeitschrift fur Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie , 13 : 57 – 85 .
  • WALKER , G.P.L. 1973 . 'Lengths of lava flows' . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A , 274 : 107 – 18 .
  • WALKER , G.P.L. 1991 . 'Structure, and origin by injection of lava under surface crust, of tumuli, "lava rises", "lava rise pits" and "lava inflation clefts" in Hawaii' . Bulletin Volcanologique , 53 : 546 – 8 .
  • WENTWORTH , C.K. and MCDONALD , G.A. 1953 . 'Structures and forms of basaltic rocks in Hawaii' . Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey , 994 : 98
  • WILLIAMS , R. and DUHAMEL , G. 1986 . 'Volcanic activity on Heard Island' . Polar Record , 23 (142) : 88 – 90 .
  • WRIGHT , J.B. 1967 . 'Contributions to the volcanic succession and petrology of the Auckland Islands. II Upper parts of the Ross Volcano' . Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand (Geology) , 5 : 71 – 87 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.