2,286
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Predicting men’s intentions to seek help for cancer symptoms: a comparison of the Theory of Planned Behaviour and the Health Belief Model

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, , &
Pages 1-10 | Received 25 Apr 2021, Accepted 29 Jan 2022, Published online: 27 Feb 2022

References

  • Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
  • Alto, K. M., McCullough, K. M., & Levant, R. F. (2018). Who is on Craigslist? A novel approach to participant recruitment for masculinities scholarship. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 19(2), 319–324. https://doi.org/10.1037/men0000092
  • Armitage, C. J., & Conner, M. (2000). Social cognition models and health behaviour: A structured review. Psychology & Health, 15(2), 173–189. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870440008400299
  • Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2017). Australians pursuing higher education in record numbers. Media release.
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2011). The health of Australia’s males (Cat. no. PHE 141).
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2019). The health of Australia’s males (Cat. no: WEB 199).
  • Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2021). Cancer in Australia 2021. Cancer series no. 133 (Cat. No. CAN 144).
  • Bish, A., Sutton, S., & Golombok, S. (2000). Predicting uptake of a routine cervical smear test: A comparison of the health belief model and the theory of planned behaviour. Psychology & Health, 15(1), 35–50. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870440008400287
  • Bray, F., Ferlay, J., Soerjomataram, I., Siegel, R. L., Torre, L. A., & Jemal, A. (2018). Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 68(6), 394–424. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21492
  • Cancer Council SA. (2015). I want to cut my cancer risk: Finding cancer early. https://www.cancersa.org.au/information/i-want-to-cut-my-cancer-risk/finding-cancer-early
  • Carbone, S., Walker, G. A., Burney, S., & Newton, F. (2009). The symptom recognition and help-seeking experiences of men in Australia with testicular cancer: A qualitative study. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(1), 43–59. https://doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0901043
  • Carpenter, C. J. (2010). A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of Health Belief Model variables in predicting behavior. Health Communication, 25(8), 661–669. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2010.521906
  • Champion, V. L. (1984). Instrument development for health belief model constructs. Advances in Nursing Science, 6(3), 73–85. https://doi.org/10.1097/00012272-198404000-00011
  • Conner, M. (2015). Extending not retiring the theory of planned behavior: A commentary on Sniehotta, Presseau and Araújo-Soares. Health Psychology Review, 9(2), 141–145. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2014.899060
  • Conner, M., & Norman, P. (2015). Predicting and changing health behaviour: A social cognition approach. In M. Conner, and P. Norman (Eds.), Predicting and changing health behaviour: Research and practice with social cognition models (3rd ed., pp. 1–29). Open University Press.
  • Conner, M., & Sparks, P. (2005). Theory of planned behaviour and health behaviour. In M. Conner, and P. Norman (Eds.), Predicting health behaviour: Research and practice with social cognition models (2nd ed., pp. 170–222). Open University Press.
  • Cornally, N., & McCarthy, G. (2011). Help-seeking behaviour: A concept analysis. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 17(3), 280–288. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-172X.2011.01936.x
  • Courtenay, W. H. (2000). Constructions of masculinity and their influence on men’s well-being: A theory of gender and health. Social Science & Medicine, 50(10), 1385–1401. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(99)00390-1
  • Cromme, S. K., Whitaker, K. L., Winstanley, K., Renzi, C., Smith, C. F., & Wardle, J. (2016). Worrying about wasting GP time as a barrier to help-seeking: A community-based, qualitative study. British Journal of General Practice, 66(648), e474–e482. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp16X685621
  • de Nooijer, J., Lechner, L., & de Vries, H. (2002). Early detection of cancer: Knowledge and behavior among Dutch adults. Cancer Detection and Prevention, 26(5), 362–369. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0361-090X(02)00121-6
  • de Nooijer, J., Lechner, L., & de Vries, H. (2003). Social psychological correlates of paying attention to cancer symptoms and seeking medical help. Social Science & Medicine, 56(5), 915–920. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0277-9536(02)00098-9
  • Evans, R. E. C., Brotherstone, H., Miles, A., & Wardle, J. (2005). Gender differences in early detection of cancer. Journal of Men’s Health & Gender, 2(2), 209–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmhg.2004.12.012
  • Ferlay, J., Ervik, M., Lam, F., Colombet, M., Mery, L., Piñeros, M., & Bray, F. (2018). Global Cancer Observatory: Estimated incidence, mortality and prevalence in Australia. International Agency for Research on Cancer. https://gco.iarc.fr/today/fact-sheets-populations
  • Field, A. (2013). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics. SAGE.
  • Fish, J. A., Prichard, I., Ettridge, K., Grunfeld, E. A., & Wilson, C. (2015). Psychosocial factors that influence men’s help-seeking for cancer symptoms: A systematic synthesis of mixed methods research. Psycho-Oncology, 24(10), 1222–1232. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.3912
  • Fish, J. A., Prichard, I., Ettridge, K., Grunfeld, E. A., & Wilson, C. (2019). Understanding variation in men’s help-seeking for cancer symptoms: A semi-structured interview study. Psychology of Men & Masculinities, 20(1), 61–70. https://doi.org/10.1037/men0000152
  • Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (2010). Predicting and changing behavior: The reasoned action approach. Psychology Press.
  • Glanz, K., & Bishop, D. B. (2010). The role of behavioral science theory in development and implementation of public health interventions. Annual Review of Public Health, 31, 399–418. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.012809.103604
  • Hannaford, P. C., Thornton, A. J., Murchie, P., Whitaker, K. L., Adam, R., & Elliot, A. M. (2020). Patterns of symptoms possibly indicative of cancer and associated help-seeking behaviour in a large sample of United Kingdom residents – The USEFUL study. PLoS ONE, 15(1), e0228033. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228033
  • Hardie, E. A., & Critchley, C. R. (2008). Public perceptions of Australia’s doctors, hospitals and health care systems. Medical Journal of Australia, 189(4), 210–214. https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2008.tb01985.x
  • Hunter, M. S., Grunfeld, E. A., & Ramirez, A. J. (2003). Help-seeking intentions for breast-cancer symptoms: A comparison of the self-regulation model and the theory of planned behaviour. British Journal of Health Psychology, 8(3), 319–333. https://doi.org/10.1348/135910703322370888
  • Hyde, M. K., Opozda, M., Laurie, K., Vincent, A. D., Oliffe, J. L., Nelson, C. J., & Chambers, S. K. (2020). Men’s sexual help-seeking and care needs after radical prostatectomy or other non-hormonal, active prostate cancer treatments. Supportive Care in Cancer, 29, 2699–2711. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-020-05775-5
  • Hyde, M. K., Zajdlewicz, L., Wootten, A. C., Nelson, C. J., Lowe, A., Dunn, J., & Chambers, S. K. (2016). Medical help-seeking for sexual concerns in prostate cancer survivors. Sexual Medicine, 4(1), e7–e17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esxm.2015.12.004
  • Korkeila, K., Suominen, S., Ahvenainen, J., Ojanlatva, A., Rautava, P., Helenius, H., & Koskenvuo, M. (2001). Non-response and related factors in a nation-wide health survey. European Journal of Epidemiology, 17, 991–999. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1020016922473
  • McEachan, R. R. C., Conner, M., Taylor, N. J., & Lawton, R. J. (2011). Prospective prediction of health-related behaviours with the Theory of Planned Behaviour: A meta-analysis. Health Psychology Review, 5(2), 97–144. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2010.521684
  • Neal, R. D., Tharmanathan, P., France, B., Din, N. U., Cotton, S., Fallon-Ferguson, J., & Emery, J. (2015). Is increased time to diagnosis and treatment in symptomatic cancer 285 associated with poorer outcomes? Systematic review. British Journal of Cancer, 112, S92–S107. https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2015.48
  • Oberoi, D. V., Jiwa, M., McManus, A., & Hodder, R. (2014). Colorectal cancer: Applying a gender lens. Quality in Primary Care, 22, 71–79. http://primarycare.imedpub.com/
  • Oberoi, D. V., Jiwa, M., McManus, A., Hodder, R., & de Nooijer, J. (2016). Help-seeking experiences of men diagnosed with colorectal cancer: A qualitative study. European Journal of Cancer Care, 25(1), 27–37. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecc.12271
  • Ogden, J. (2015). Time to retire the theory of planned behaviour?: One of us will have to go! A commentary on Sniehotta, Presseau and Araújo-Soares. Health Psychology Review, 9(2), 165–167. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2014.898679
  • Oliffe, J. L., Rossnagel, E., Bottorff, J. L., Chambers, S. K., Caperchione, C., & Rice, S. M. (2020). Community-based men’s health promotion programs: Eight lessons learnt and their caveats. Health Promotion International, 35(5), 1230–1240. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daz101
  • Parent, M. C. (2013). Handling item-level missing data: Simpler is just as good. The Counseling Psychologist, 41(4), 568–600. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000012445176
  • Petrova, D., Okan, Y., Salamanca- Fernández, E., Domínguez-López, S., Sánchez, M.-J., & Rodríguez-Barranco, M. (2020). Psychological factors related to time to help-seeking for cancer symptoms: A meta-analysis across cancer sites. Health Psychology Review, 14(2), 245–268. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2019.1641425
  • Revilla, M. A., Saris, W. E., & Krosnick, J. A. (2014). Choosing the number of categories in agree–disagree scales. Sociological Methods & Research, 43(1), 73–97. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124113509605
  • Rhodes, R. E., & Dickau, L. (2012). Experimental evidence for the intention–behavior relationship in the physical activity domain: A meta-analysis. Health Psychology, 31(6), 724–727. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027290
  • Robb, K., Stubbings, S., Ramirez, A., Macleod, U., Austoker, J., Waller, J., & Wardle, J. (2009). Public awareness of cancer in Britain: A population-based survey of adults. British Journal of Cancer, 101, S18–S23. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6605386
  • Robertson, L. M., Douglas, F., Ludbrook, A., Reid, G., & van Teijlingen, E. (2008). What works with men? A systematic review of health promoting interventions targeting men. BMC Health Services Research, 8(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-8-141
  • Rosenstock, I. M. (1974). Historical origins of the Health Belief Model. Health Education Monographs, 2(4), 328–335. https://doi.org/10.1177/109019817400200403
  • Saab, M. M., Landers, M., & Hegarty, J. (2017). Exploring awareness and help-seeking intentions for testicular symptoms among heterosexual, gay, and bisexual men in Ireland: A qualitative descriptive study. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 67, 41–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.11.016
  • Scott, S., & Walter, F. (2010). Studying help-seeking for symptoms: The challenges of methods and models. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 4(8), 531–547. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2010.00287.x
  • Scott, S., Walter, F., Webster, A., Sutton, S., & Emery, J. (2013). The model of pathways to treatment: Conceptualization and integration with existing theory. British Journal of Health Psychology, 18(1), 45–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8287.2012.02077.x
  • Skrobanski, H., Ream, E., Poole, K., & Whitaker, K. L. (2019). Understanding primary care nurses’ contribution to cancer early diagnosis: A systematic review. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 41, 149–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2019.06.007
  • Smith, J. P., Tran, G. Q., & Thompson, R. D. (2008). Can the theory of planned behavior help explain men’s psychological help-seeking? Evidence for a mediation effect and clinical implications. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 9(3), 179–192. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0012158
  • Sniehotta, F. F., Presseau, J., & Araújo-Soares, V. (2014). Time to retire the theory of planned behaviour. Health Psychology Review, 8(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2013.869710
  • Stubbings, S., Robb, K., Waller, J., Ramirez, A., Austoker, J., Macleod, U., & Wardle, J. (2009). Development of a measurement tool to assess public awareness of cancer. British Journal of Cancer, 101, S13–S17. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6605385
  • Tookey, S., Renzi, C., Waller, J., von Wagner, C., & Whitaker, K. L. (2018). Using the candidacy framework to understand how doctor-patient interactions influence perceived eligibility to seek help for cancer alarm symptoms: A qualitative interview study. BMC Health Services Research, 18(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3730-5
  • van Osch, L., Lechner, L., Reubsaet, A., de Nooijer, J., & de Vries, H. (2007). Passive cancer detection and medical help seeking for cancer symptoms: (in)adequate behavior and psychosocial determinants. European Journal of Cancer Prevention, 16(3), 266–274. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.cej.0000236241.10125.00
  • Webb, T. L., & Sheeran, P. (2006). Does changing behavioral intentions engender behavior change? A meta-analysis of the experimental evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 132(2), 249–268. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.132.2.249
  • Wright, D. B., London, K., & Field, A. P. (2011). Using bootstrap estimation and the plug-in principle for clinical psychology data. Journal of Experimental Psychopathology, 2(2), 252–270. https://doi.org/10.5127/jep.013611
  • Ziebland, S., Rasmussen, B., MacArtney, J., Hajdarevic, S., & Sand Andersen, R. (2019). How wide is the Goldilocks Zone in your health system? Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, 24(1), 52–56. https://doi.org/10.1177/1355819618790985