Effect of environmental enrichment during the rearing phase on subsequent eggshell quality in broiler breeders

References

• Appleby , MC , Mc Rae , HE and Duncan , IJH . 1983 . Nesting and floor laying by domestic hens: effects of individual variation in perching behaviour . Behavioral Analysis Letters , 3 : 345 – 352 .
   Google Scholar
• Bain MM 1990 Eggshell strength: a mechanical–ultrastructural evaluation Ph.D. Thesis, University of Glasgow
   Google Scholar
• Brake , J . 1987 . Influence of presence of perches during rearing on incidence of floor laying in broiler breeders . Poultry Science , 66 : 1587 – 1589 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darnell-Middleton SL 1999 Relationship between eggshell quality and bone biology in the laying hen Ph.D. Thesis, University of Glasgow
   Google Scholar
• Duncan , IJH and Wood-Gush , DGM . 1971 . Frustration and aggression in the domestic fowl . Animal Behaviour , 19 : 500 – 504 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• French NA Tullett SG 1991 Variation in the eggs of poultry species in: Tullett, S.G. (Ed) Poultry Science Symposium 22, Avian Incubation pp. 59–77 Butterworth-Heinemann
   Google Scholar
• Gunnarsson , S , Yngvesson , J , Keeling , LJ and Forkman , B . 2000 . Rearing without access to perches impairs the spatial skills of laying hens . Applied Animal Behaviour Science , 67 : 217 – 228 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hocking , PM , Maxwell , MH , Robertson , GW and Mitchell , MA . 2001 . Welfare assessment of modified rearing programmes for broiler breeders . British Poultry Science , 42 : 424 – 432 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hocking , PM , Bernard , R and Robertson , GW . 2002 . Effects of low dietary protein and different allocations of food during rearing and restricted feeding after peak rate of lay on egg production, fertility and hatchability in female broiler breeders . British Poultry Science , 43 : 94 – 103 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes , BO , Wilson , S , Appleby , MC and Smith , SF . 1993 . Comparison of bone volume and strength as measures of skeletal integrity in caged laying hens with access to perches . Research in Veterinary Science , 54 : 202 – 206 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones , RB . 1982 . Effects of early environmental enrichment upon open-field behaviour and timidity in the domestic chick . Developmental Psychobiology , 15 : 105 – 111 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones , RB . 1996 . Fear and adaptability in poultry: insights, implications and imperatives . World's Poultry Science Journal , 52 : 131 – 174 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaminska , BF and Skraba , B . 1992 . Changes in egg shell quality during the first year of laying in hens . Journal of Animal and Feed Science , 1 : 51 – 58 .
   Google Scholar
• Kells , A , Dawkins , MS and Cortina-Borja , M . 2001 . The effect of a Freedom Food enrichment on the behaviour of broiler breeders on commercial farms . Animal Welfare , 10 : 347 – 356 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King L 2001 Environmental enrichment for broiler breeders Ph.D. Thesis, University of Oxford
   Google Scholar
• King L 2005 Effects of environmental modification on aggression and pen use in growing broiler breeders Applied Animal Behaviour Science (In preparation)
   Google Scholar
• Lanyon , L and Rubin , CT . 1984 . Static versus dynamic loads as an influence on bone remodelling . Journal of Biomechanics , 17 : 897 – 905 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeVan , NF , Estevez , I and Stricklin , WR . 2000 . Use of horizontal and angled perches by broiler chickens . Applied Animal Behaviour Science , 65 : 349 – 365 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mench , JA . 1988 . The development of aggressive behaviour in male broiler chicks—a comparison with laying-type males and the effects of feed restriction . Applied Animal Behaviour Science , 21 : 233 – 242 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minitab Inc. 1998
   Google Scholar
• Roque , L and Soares , MC . 1994 . Effects of eggshell quality and broiler breeder age on hatchability . Poultry Science , 73 ( 12 ) : 1838 – 1845 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savory , CJ , Maros , K and Rutter , SM . 1993 . Assessment of hunger in growing broiler breeders in relation to a commercial restricted feeding programme . Animal Welfare , 2 : 131 – 152 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tullett SG 1987 Egg shell formation and quality in: Wells, R.G. & Belyavin, C.G. (Eds) Poultry Science Symposium 20, Egg Quality—Current Problems and Recent Advances pp. 123–146 London and Boston Butterworths
   Google Scholar