Effect of nutrient dilution on feed intake, eating time and performance of hens in early lay

REFERENCES

• Aerni , V , El Lethey , H and Wechsler , B . 2000 . Effect of foraging material and food form on feather pecking in laying hens . British Poultry Science , 41 : 16 – 21 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al Bustany , Z and Elwinger , K . 1987a . Response of laying hens to different dietary lysine intakes. A comparison of some commercial hybrids with strains selected on a low protein diet . Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica , 37 : 27 – 40 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al Bustany , Z and Elwinger , K . 1987b . Comparison between barley/fish meal- and maize/soybean meal-based diets with various lysine and protein levels fed to different strains of laying hens . Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica , 37 : 41 – 49 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ambrosen , T and Petersen , VE . 1997 . The influence of protein level in the diet on cannibalism and quality of plumage of layers . Poultry Science , 76 : 559 – 563 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blokhuis , HJ . 1989 . “ The development and causation of feather pecking in the domestic fowl ” . In Thesis , Vakgroep Ethologie, Landbouw Universiteit Wageningen .
   Google Scholar
• EC_1139/98 . 1988 . Council Regulation (EC) No. 1139/98, amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No. 49/2000 and Commission Regulation (EC) No. 50/2000
   Google Scholar
• Elwinger , K , Tauson , R , Tufvesson , M and Hartmann , C . Feeding of layers kept in an organic feed environment . 11th European Poultry Conference . Bremen : Prague .
   Google Scholar
• Engel , B , Reenen , KV and Buist , W . 2003 . Analysis of correlated series of repeated measurements: application to challenge data . Biometrical Journal , 45 : 866 – 886 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Genstat 8 Committee . 2002 . Genstat 8 Reference Manual; Release 3 , Oxford : Clarendon Press .
   Google Scholar
• Goelema , JO , Smits , A , Vaessen , LM and Wemmers , A . 1999 . Effects of pressure toasting, expander treatment and pelleting on in vitro and in situ parameters of protein and starch in a mixture of broken peas, lupins and faba beans . Animal Feed Science and Technology , 78 : 109 – 126 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hartini , S , Choct , M , Hinch , G and Nolan , JV . 2003 . Effect of diet composition, gut microbial status and fibre forms on cannibalism in layers , 1 – 111 . Australian Egg Corporation Limited, AECL Publication No. 03/03 .
   Google Scholar
• Hetland , H , Svihus , B and Krogdahl , A . 2003 . Effects of oat hulls and wood shavings on digestion in broilers and layers fed diets based on whole or ground wheat . British Poultry Science , 44 : 275 – 282 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hetland , H , Choct , M and Svihus , B . 2004 . Role of insoluble non-starch polysaccharides in poultry nutrition . World's Poultry Science Journal , 60 : 415 – 422 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffmeyer , I . 1969 . Feather pecking in pheasants—an ethological approach to the problem . Danish Review of Game Biology , 6 : 1 – 36 .
   Google Scholar
• Hughes , BO and Whitehead , CC . 1979 . Behavioural changes associated with the feeding of low-sodium diets to laying hens . Applied Animal Ethology , 5 : 255 – 266 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jansen , AI . 1977 . BINAS Informatieboek vwo-havo voor het onderwijs in de natuurwetenschappen , Groningen : please provide .
   Google Scholar
• Krimpen , MMV , Kwakkel , RP , Reuvekamp , BFJ , Peet-Schwering , CMCVD , Hartog , LAD and Verstegen , MWA . 2005 . Impact of feeding management on feather pecking in laying hens . World's Poultry Science Journal , 61 : 665 – 687 .
   Google Scholar
• Lee , AGVD , Hemke , G and Kwakkel , RP . Low density diets improve plumage condition in non-debeaked layers . 13th European Symposium on Poultry Nutrition . pp. 244 – 245 . Blankenbergen
   Google Scholar
• Lindstrom , MJ and Bates , DM . 1990 . Nonlinear mixed effects models for repeated measures data . Biometrics , 46 : 673 – 786 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McPherson , R . 1985 . “ Classification of fibre types ” . In The Clinical Role of Fiber , Edited by: Jenkins , D . 13 – 22 . Mississauga , , Ontario : Medical Education Services Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Meulen , JVD , Kwakernaak , C and Kan , CA . (submitted) Sand intake by laying hens and its effect on egg production parameters ,
   Google Scholar
• Mollenhorst , E . 2005 . “ How to house a hen; assessing sustainable development of egg production systems ” . In Thesis , Animal Production Systems, Wageningen University .
   Google Scholar
• Morgenstern , R . 1995 . Alternative Haltung in der Schweiz: Woran erkranken die Legehennen? . DGS Magazin , 4 : 11 – 14 .
   Google Scholar
• Noldus . 1993 . The Observer®: Base Package for DOS. Reference Manual, Version 3.0
   Google Scholar
• NRC . 1994 . Nutrient Requirements of Poultry , 9th rev , Washington : DC .
   Google Scholar
• Savory , CJ . 1980 . Meal occurrence in Japanese quail in relation to particle size and nutrient density . Animal Behaviour , 28 : 160 – 171 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schaible , PJ , Davidson , JA and Bandemer , SL . 1947 . Cannibalism and feather pecking in chicks as influenced by certain changes in a specific ration . Poultry Science , 26 : 651 – 656 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steenfeldt , S , Engberg , RM and Kjaer , JB . Feeding roughage to laying hens affects egg production, gastro-intestinal parameters and mortality . Proceedings of the 13th European Symposium on Poultry Nutrition . Blankenbergen .
   Google Scholar
• Tanaka , T , Yoshimoto , T and Mimura , K . 1983 . Feeding behaviour of laying hens fed pellets, crumbles or mash feed . Japanese Journal of Zootechnical Science , 54 : 433 – 438 .
   Google Scholar