References
- An , BK , Shinn , KH , Kobayashi , Y , Tanaka , K and Kang , CW . 2003 . Excessive dietary conjugated linoleic acid affects hepatic lipid content and muscular fatty acid composition in young chicks. Asian-Australasian . Journal of Animal Sciences , 16 : 1171 – 1176 .
- Badinga , L , Selberg , KT , Dinges , AC , Comer , CW and Miles , RD . 2003 . Dietary conjugated linoleic acid alters hepatic lipid content and fatty acid composition in broiler chickens . Poultry Science , 82 : 111 – 116 .
- Basu , S , Smedman , A and Vessby , B . 2000 . Conjugated linoleic acid induces lipid peroxidation in humans . FEBS Letters , 468 : 33 – 36 .
- Bautista , AP and Spitzer , JJ . 1990 . Superoxide anion generation by in situ perfused rat liver: effect of in vivo endotoxin . American Journal of Physiology , 259 : G907 – G912 .
- Belury , MA and Kempa-Steczko , A . 1997 . Conjugated linoleic acid modulates hepatic lipid composition in mice . Lipids , 32 : 199 – 204 .
- Cantwell , H , Devery , R , O'shea , M and Stanton , C . 1999 . The effect of conjugated linoleic acid on the antioxidant enzyme defense system in rat hepatocytes . Lipids , 34 : 833 – 839 .
- Cohen , G , Dembiec , D and Marcus , J . 1970 . Measurement of catalase activity in tissue extracts . Analytical Biochemistry , 34 : 30 – 38 .
- Cook , ME , Miller , CC , Park , Y and Pariza , M . 1993 . Immune modulation by altered nutrient metabolism: nutritional control of immune-induced growth depression . Poultry Science , 72 : 1301 – 1305 .
- Corino , C , Mourot , J , Magni , S , Pastorelli , G and Rosi , F . 2002 . Influence of dietary conjugated linoleic acid on growth, meat quality, lipogenesis, plasma leptin and physiological variables of lipid metabolism in rabbits . Journal of Animal Science , 80 : 1020 – 1028 .
- Du , M and Ahn , DU . 2002 . Effect of dietary linoleic acid on the growth rate of live birds and on the abdominal fat content and quality of broiler meat . Poultry Science , 81 : 428 – 433 .
- Du , M , Nam , KC , Hur , SJ , Ismail , H and Ahn , DU . 2002 . Effect of dietary conjugated linoleic acid, irradiation, and packaging conditions on the quality characteristics of raw broiler breast fillets . Meat Science , 60 : 9 – 15 .
- Evans , ME , Brown , LM and McIntosh , MK . 2002 . Isomer-specific effects of conjugated linoleic acid on adiposity and lipid metabolism . Journal of Nutrition Biochemistry , 13 : 508 – 516 .
- Ghosh , B , Hanevold , CD , Doboshi , M , Orak , JK and Singh , I . 1996 . Tissue differences in antioxidant enzyme expression in response to endotoxin . Free Radical Biology and Medicine , 21 : 533 – 540 .
- Ha , YL , Storkson , J and Pariza , MW . 1990 . Inhibition of benzo(a)pyrene-induced mouse forestomach neoplasia by conjugated dienoic derivatives of linoleic acid . Cancer Research , 50 : 1097 – 1101 .
- Ip , C , Chin , F , Scimeca , JA and Pariza , MW . 1991 . Mammary cancer prevention by conjugated derivatives of linoleic acid . Cancer Research , 51 : 6118 – 6124 .
- Jaeschke , H . 1995 . Mechanisms of oxidant stress-induced acute tissue injury . Proceedings of Society of Experimental Biology and Medicine , 209 : 104 – 111 .
- Joo , ST , Lee , JI , Ha , YL and Park , GB . 2002 . Effects of age and strain on small intestinal and hepatic antioxidant defense enzymes in Wistar and Fisher 344 rats . Mechanisms of Ageing and Development , 122 : 561 – 570 .
- Khanal , RC . 2004 . Potential health benefits of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA): a review . Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences , 17 : 1315 – 1328 .
- Kilian , M , Mautsch , I , Gregor , JI , Stahlknecht , P , Jacobi , CA , Schimke , I , Guski , H and Wenger , FA . 2002 . Influence of conjugated vs. conventional linoleic acid on liver metastasis and hepatic lipid peroxidation in BOP-induced pancreatic cancer in Syrian hamster . Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Essential Fatty Acids , 67 : 223 – 228 .
- Kim , HK , Kim , SR , Ahn , JY , Cho , IJ , Yoon , CS and Ha , TY . 2005 . Dietary conjugated linoleic acid reduces lipid peroxidation by increasing oxidative stability in rats . Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology , 51 : 8 – 15 .
- Kim , YJ , Lee , KW and Lee , HJ . 2004 . Total antioxidant capacity of arginine-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) complex . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 52 : 439 – 444 .
- Ko , YH , Yang , HY and Jang , IS . 2004 . Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on intestinal and hepatic antioxidant enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation in broiler chickens . Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences , 17 : 1162 – 1167 .
- Lawrence , RA and Burk , RF . 1976 . Glutathione peroxidase activity in selenium-deficient rat liver . Biochemical Biophysical Research Communications , 71 : 952 – 958 .
- Leung , YH and Liu , RH . 2000 . Trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid isomer exhibits stronger oxyradical scavenging capacity than cis-9, trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid isomer . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 48 : 5469 – 5475 .
- Livisay , SA , Zhou , S , Ip , C and Decker , EA . 2000 . Impact of dietary conjugated linoleic acid on the oxidative stability of rat liver microsomes and skeletal muscle homogenates . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 48 : 4162 – 4167 .
- O'Shea , M , Stanton , C and Devery , R . 1999 . Antioxidant enzyme defence responses of human MCF-7 and SW480 cancer cells to conjugated linoleic acid . Anticancer Research , 19 : 1953 – 1959 .
- O'Shea , M , Devery , R , Lawless , F , Murphy , J and Stanton , C . 2000 . Milk fat conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) inhibits growth of human mammary MCF-7 cancer cells . Anticancer Research , 20 : 3591 – 3601 .
- Palacios , A , Piergiacomi , V and Catala , A . 2003 . Antioxidant effect of conjugated linoleic acid and vitamin A during nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation of rat liver microsomes and mitochondria . Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry , 250 : 107 – 113 .
- Pariza , MW , Ha , YL , Benjamin , H , Sword , JT , Gruter , A , Chin , SF , Storkson , J , Faith , N and Albright , K . 1991 . Formation and action of anticarcinogenic fatty acids . Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology , 289 : 269 – 272 .
- Salas-Salvado , J , Marquez-Sandoval , F and Bullo , M . 2006 . Conjugated linoleic acid intake in humans: a systematic review focusing on its effect on body composition, glucose, and lipid metabolism . Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition , 46 : 479 – 488 .
- Simon , O , Männer , K , Schäfer , K , Sagredos , A and Eder , K . 2000 . Effects of conjugated linoleic acids on protein to fat proportions, fatty acids, and plasma lipids in broiler . European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology , 102 : 402 – 410 .
- Spitz , DR and Oberly , LW . 1989 . An assay for superoxide dismutase activity in mammalian tissue homogenates . Analytical Biochemistry , 179 : 8 – 18 .
- Stangl , G . 2000 . High dietary levels of a conjugated linoleic acid mixture alter hepatic glycerophospholipid-carrying serum lipoproteins of rat . Journal of Nutrition Biochemistry , 11 : 184 – 191 .
- Szymczyk , B , Pisulewski , P , Szczurek , W and Hanczakowski , P . 2000 . The effects of feeding conjugated linoleic acid on rat growth performance, serum lipoproteins and subsequent lipid composition of selected rat tissues . Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture , 80 : 1553 – 1558 .
- Szymczyk , B , Pisulewski , P , Szczurek , W and Hanczakowski , P . 2001 . Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on growth performance, feed conversion efficiency, and subsequent carcass quality in broiler chickens . British Journal of Nutrition , 85 : 465 – 473 .
- Takahashi , K , Miyake , N , Ohta , T , Akiba , Y and Tamura , K . 1998 . Changes in plasma α1-acid glycoprotein concentration and selected immune response in broiler chickens injected with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide . British Poultry Science , 39 : 152 – 155 .
- Takahashi , K , Kawamata , K , Akiba , Y , Iwata , T and Kasai , M . 2002 . Influence of dietary conjugated linoleic acid isomers on early inflammatory responses in male broiler chickens . British Poultry Science , 43 : 47 – 53 .
- Twibell , RG , Watkins , BA , Rogers , L and Brown , PB . 2000 . Effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acids on hepatic and muscle lipids in hybrid striped bass . Lipids , 35 : 155 – 161 .
- Wang , CL . 2000 . The Guide to Practical Management of Birds in China , 192 – 198 . Shanghai : Shanghai Science and Technology Press . (in Chinese)
- West , DB , Delany , JP , Camet , PM , Blohm , F , Truett , AA and Scimeca , J . 1998 . Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on body fat and energy metabolism in the mouse . American Journal of Physiology , 44 : R667 – R672 .
- Wills , ED . 1966 . Mechanisms of lipid peroxide formation in animal tissues . Biochemistry Journal , 99 : 667 – 676 .
- Yu , LK , Adams , D and Gabel , M . 2002 . Conjugated linoleic acid isomers differ in their free radical scavenging properties . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 50 : 4135 – 4140 .