Long-bone properties and development are affected by caponisation and breed in Polish fowls

References

• Anderson, F.H., Francis, R.M., Selby, P.L. & Cooper, C. 1998 Sex hormones and osteoporosis in men. Calcified Tissue International, 62: 185–188. 10.1007/s002239900414
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AOAC. 2000 Official Methods of Analysis. Intern. 17th; Aoacinter. (Gaithersburg, MD, USA).
   Google Scholar
• Calik, J. 2014 Capon production – breeding stock, rooster castration, rearing methods and meat quality. Annals of Animal Science, 14: 769–777. 10.2478/aoas-2014-0050
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calik, J., Połowicz, K., Świątkiewicz, S., Krawczyk, J. & Nowak, J. 2015 Effect of caponization on meat quality of Greenleg Partridge cockerels. Annals of Animal Science, 15: 541–553. 10.1515/aoas-2015-0002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cason, J.A., Fletcher, D.L. & Burke, W.H. 1988 Effects of caponization on broiler growth. Poultry Science, 67: 979–981. 10.3382/ps.0670979
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, K.L., Chang, M.H., Tsay, S.M., Huaang, H.Y. & Chiou, P.W.S. 2006c Effects of caponization on bone characteristics and histological structure in chickens. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science, 19: 245–251. 10.5713/ajas.2006.245
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, K.L., Chen, T.T., Lin, K.J. & Chiou, P.W.S. 2007 The effects of caponization age on muscle characteristics in male chicken. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science, 20: 1684–1688. 10.5713/ajas.2007.1684
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, K.L., Hsieh, T.Y. & Chiou, P.W.S. 2006b Caponization effects on growth performance and lipid metabolism in Taiwan country chicken cockerels. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science, 19: 438–443. 10.5713/ajas.2006.438
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, K.L., Tsay, S.M., Lee, T.Y. & Chiou, P.W.S. 2006a Effects of caponization and different exogenous androgen on the bone characteristics of male chickens. Poultry Science, 85: 1975–1979. 10.1093/ps/85.11.1975
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, S.Y., Li, T.Y., Tsai, C.H., Lo, D.Y. & Chen, K.L. 2014 Gender, caponization and exogenous estrogen effects on lipids, bone and blood characteristics in Taiwan country chickens. Animal Science Journal, 85: 305–312. 10.1111/asj.2014.85.issue-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dumont, E.R. 2010 Bone density and the lightweight skeletons of birds. Proceedings Biological Science, 277: 2193–2198. 10.1098/rspb.2010.0117
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fennell, M.J. & Scanes, C.G. 1992 Inhibition of growth in chickens by testosterone, 5α-dihydrotestosterone and 19-nortestosterone. Poultry Science, 71: 357–366. 10.3382/ps.0710357
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferretti, J.L., Capozza, R.F., Mondelo, N. & Zanchetta, J.R. 1993 Interrelationships between densitometric, geometric and mechanical properties of rat femora: inferences concerning mechanical regulation of bone modelling. Journal of Bone Mineral Research, 8: 1395–1399.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferretti, J.L., Cointry, G.R., Capozza, R.F., Capiglioni, R. & Chiappe, M.A. 2001 Analysis of biomechanical effects on bone and on the muscle-bone interactions in small animal models. Journal of Musculoskeletal Neuronal Interactions, 1: 263–274.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Francis, R.M. 1999 The effects of testosterone on osteoporosis in men. Clinical Endocrinology, 50: 411–414. 10.1046/j.1365-2265.1999.00730.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gryzińska, M., Strachecka, A. & Krauze, M. 2011 Concentration of testosterone in blood serum in roosters of the Polbar breed depending on age. Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, 4: 46–50.
   Google Scholar
• Hsieh, T.Y. (2003) Effects of castration in Taiwan country chicken cockerels on growth performance and lipid metabolism. M.S. thesis, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
   Google Scholar
• HSUS Report. (2008). An HSUS report: welfare issues with caponizing chickens. The Humane Society of the United States. http://www.humanesociety.org/assets/pdfs/farm/HSUS-Report-on-Caponization.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Hutt, F.B. 1929 Sex dimorphism and variability in the appendicular skeleton of the leghorn fowl. Poultry Science, 8: 202–218. 10.3382/ps.0080202
   Google Scholar
• Kuo, T.W. (2002) Effect of different caponized ways and different caponized weeks on meat characteristics of Taiwan country chicken. M.S. thesis, Department of Animal Science, National Chung-Hsing University, Taiwan.
   Google Scholar
• Kwiecień, M., Kasperek, K., Grela, E. & Jeżewska-Witkowska, G. 2015 Effect of caponization on the production performance, slaughter yield and fatty acid profile of muscles of Greenleg Partridge cocks. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 52: 7227–7235. 10.1007/s13197-015-1856-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwiecień, M., Winiarska-Mieczan, A., Zawiślak, K. & Sroka, S. 2014 Effect of copper glycinate chelate on biomechanical, morphometric and chemical properties of chicken femur. Annals of Animal Science, 14: 127–139. 10.2478/aoas-2013-0085
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lievers, W.B., Lee, V., Arsenault, S.M., Waldman, S.D. & Pilkey, A.K. 2007 Specimen size effect in the volumetric shrinkage of cancellous bone measured at two level of dehydration. Journal of Biomechanics, 40: 1903–1909. 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2006.09.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, C.Y. & Hsu, J.C. 2002 Effects of surgical caponization on growth performance, fiber diameter and some physical properties ofmuscles in Taiwan country chicken cockerels. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science, 15: 401–405. 10.5713/ajas.2002.401
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, C.Y. & Hsu, J.C. 2003 Comparison of some selected growth, physiological and bone characteristics of capon, slip and intact birds in Taiwan country chicken cockerels. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science, 16: 50–56. 10.5713/ajas.2003.50
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, C.Y., Hsu, J.C. & Wan, T.C. 2012 Effect of age and caponization on blood parameters and bone development of male native chickens in Taiwan. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science, 25: 994–1002. 10.5713/ajas.2011.11210
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahmud, M.A., Shaba, P., Gana, J., Yisa, H.Y. & Ndagimba, R. 2013 Effects of surgical caponisation on growth, carcass and some haematological parameters in cockerel chickens. Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 11: 57–62.
   Google Scholar
• Mašek, T., Severin, K., Gottstein, Ž., Filipowić, N., Stojević, Z. & Miculec, Ž. 2013 Effects of early castration on production performance, serum lipids,fatty acid profile and desaturation indexes in male chicken broilers fed a diet with increased fat content. Veterinarski Arhiv, 83: 233–243.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mast, M.G., Jordan, H.C. & Macneil, J.H. 1981 The effect of partial and complete caponization on growth rate, yield and selected physical and sensory attributes of cockerels. Poultry Science, 60: 1827–1833. 10.3382/ps.0601827
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miguel, J.A., Ciria, J., Asenjo, B. & Calvo, J.L. 2008 Effect of caponization on growth and on carcass and meat characteristics in Castellana Negra native Spanish chickens. Animal, 2: 305–311. 10.1017/S1751731107001127
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Onyango, E.M., Hester, P.Y., Stroshine, R. & Adeola, O. 2003 Bone densitometry as an indicator of percentage tibia ash in broiler chicks fed varying dietary calcium and phosphorus levels. Poultry Science, 82: 1787–1791. 10.1093/ps/82.11.1787
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahman, M.M., Islam, M.A., Ali, M.Y., Khondaker, M.E.A. & Hossain, M.M. 2004 Effect of caponization on body weight, hematological traits and blood cholesterol concentration of nara chicken. International Journal of Poultry Science, 3: 284–286. 10.3923/ijps.2004.284.286
   Google Scholar
• Sánczez, B. (2001) Valoración de los parámetros productivos para la tipificación del capón de Villalba. Ph. D. Thesis, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela.
   Google Scholar
• Sokołowicz, Z., Krawczyk, J. & Światkiewicz, S. 2016 Quality of poultry 2 meat from native chicken breeds – a review. Annals of Animal Science. 10.1515/aoas-2016-0004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Symeon, G.K., Mantis, F., Bizelis, I., Kominakis, A. & Rogdakis, E. 2010 Effects of caponization on growth performance, carcass composition and meat quality of medium growth broilers. Poultry Science, 89: 1481–1489. 10.3382/ps.2009-00411
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Symeon, G.K., Mantis, F., Bizelis, I., Kominakis, A. & Rogdakis, E. 2012 Effects of caponization on growth performance, carcass composition and meat quality of males of a layer line. Animal, 6: 2023–2030. 10.1017/S1751731112001024
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomaszewska, E., Dobrowolski, P., Bieńko, M., Prost, Ł., Szymańczyk, S. & Zdybel, A. 2015a Effects of 2-oxoglutaric acid on bone morphometry, densitometry, mechanics and immunohistochemistry in 9-month-old boars with prenatal dexamethasone-induced osteopenia. Connective Tissue Research, 56: 483–492. 10.3109/03008207.2015.1069822
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomaszewska, E., Dobrowolski, P., Kostro, K., Jakubczak, A., Taszkun, I., Jaworska-Adamu, J., Żmuda, A., Rycerz, K. & Muszyński, S. 2015b The effect of HMB and 2-Ox administered during pregnancy on bone properties in primiparous and multiparous minks (Neivison vison). Bulletin of Veterinary Institute in Pulawy, 59: 563–568. 10.1515/bvip-2015-0084
   Google Scholar
• Tor, M., Estany, J., Villalba, D., Molina, E. & Cubilo, D. 2002 Comparison of carcass composition by parts and tissues between cocks and capons. Animal Research, 51: 421–431. 10.1051/animres:2002035
   Google Scholar
• Wink, C.A. & Felts, W.J.L. 1980 Effects of castration on the bone structure of male rats: a model of osteoporosis. Calcified Tissue International, 32: 77–82. 10.1007/BF02408524
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar