Carcase and meat quality in broilers either killed with a gas mixture or stunned with an electric current under commercial processing conditions

References

• CIE . 1978 . International Commission of Illumination. Recommendations on uniform colour spaces, colour difference equations, psychometric colour terms , Paris : Bureau Control de la CIE .
   Google Scholar
• FAWC . 1982 . Report on the welfare of poultry at the time of slaughter , Tolworth : Farm Animal Welfare Council .
   Google Scholar
• Fletcher , D.L. . A comparison of modified atmosphere killing to high and low amperage electrical stunning and slaughter systems on broiler breast muscle pH. Poultry Meat Qualify . Proceedings of the XII European Symposium on the Quality of Poultry Meat . September 25–28 , Zaragoza, Spain. pp. 299 – 306 .
   Google Scholar
• Gregory , N.G. and Wilkins , L.J. 1989a . Effect of stunning current on carcase quality in chickens . Veterinary Record , 124 : 530 – 532 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gregory , N.G. and Wilkins , L.J. 1989b . Effect of ventricular fibrillation at stunning and ineffective bleeding on carcase quality defects in broiler chickens . British Poultry Science , 30 : 825 – 829 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gregory , N.G. , Wilkins , L.J. and Wotton , S.B. 1991 . Effect of electrical stunning frequency on ventricular fibrillation, downgrading and broken bones in broilers, hens and quails . British Veterinary Journal , 147 : 71 – 77 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gregory , N.G. , Wilkins , L.J. , Wotton , S.B. and Middleton , A.L.V. 1995 . Effects of currents and waveforms on the incidence of breast meat haemorrhages in electrically stunned broiler chicken carcases . Veterinary Record , 137 : 263 – 265 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hillebrand , S.J.W. , Lambooy , E. and Veerkamp , C.H. 1996 . The effects of alternative electrical and mechanical stunning methods on haemorrhaging and meat quality of broiler breast and thigh muscles . Poultry Science , 75 : 664 – 671 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maff . 1995 . The Welfare of Animals (Slaughter or Killing) Regulations , London : HMSO . 1995 Statutory Instrument No. 731
   Google Scholar
• Raj , A.B.M. 1994a . An investigation into batch killing of turkeys in their transport containers using gases . Research in Veterinary Science , 56 : 325 – 331 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raj , A.B.M. 1994b . Effect of stunning method, carcase chilling temperature and filleting time on the texture of turkey breast meat . British Poultry Science , 35 : 77 – 89 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raj , A.B.M. and Gregory , N.G. 1991 . Effect of argon stunning, rapid chilling and early filleting on texture of broiler breast meat . British Poultry Science , 32 : 741 – 746 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raj , A.B.M. , Gregory , N.G. and Austin , S.D. 1990 . Prevalence of broken bones in broilers killed by different stunning methods . Veterinary Record , 127 : 285 – 287 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raj , A.B.M. , Gregory , N.G. and Wilkins , L.J. 1992 . Survival rate and carcase downgrading after the stunning of broilers with carbon dioxide‐argon mixtures . Veterinary Record , 130 : 325 – 328 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raj , A.B.M. , Grey , T.C. and Gregory , N.G. 1990 . Effect of electrical and gaseous stunning on the carcase and meat quality of broilers . British Poultry Science , 31 : 725 – 733 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raj , A.B.M. , Grey , T.C. and Gregory , N.G. 1991 . Effect of early filleting on the texture of breast muscle of broilers stunned with argon‐induced anoxia . British Poultry Science , 32 : 319 – 325 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sams , A.R. and Dzuik , C.S. . Gas stunning and postmortem electrical stimulation of broiler chickens. Poultry Meat Quality . Proceedings of the XII European Symposium on the Quality of Poultry Meat . September 25–29 , Zaragoza, Spain. pp. 307 – 314 .
   Google Scholar
• Sparrey , J.M. , Kettlewell , P.J. , Paice , M.E.R. and Whetlor , W.C. 1993 . Development of a constant current water bath stunner for poultry processing . Journal of Agricultural and Engineering Research , 56 : 267 – 274 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar