212
Views
33
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Nutrition

Effect of soaking, germination, and enzyme treatment of whole barley on nutritional value and digestive tract parameters of broiler chickens

, &
Pages 390-396 | Accepted 12 Dec 1996, Published online: 08 Nov 2007

References

  • Aastrup , S. 1979 . The relationship between the viscosity of an acid flour extract of barley and its β‐glucan content . Carlsberg Research Communications , 44 : 289 – 304 .
  • Adams , O.L. and Naber , E.C. 1969 . Effect of physical and chemical treatment of grains on growth of and feed utilization by the chick. I. The effect of water treatment and acid treatments of corn, wheat, barley and expanded or germinated grains on chick performance . Poultry Science , 48 : 853 – 858 .
  • Almirall , M. , Francesch , M. , Perez‐Vendrell , A.M. , Brufau , J. and Esteve‐Garcia , E. 1995 . The difference in intestinal viscosity produced by barley and β‐glucanase alter digesta enzyme activities and ileal nutrient digestibilities more in broiler chicks than in cocks . Journal of Nutrition , 125 : 947 – 955 .
  • Anonymous . 1971 . Determination of crude oils and fat . Official Journal of the European Community , L297 : 995 – 997 .
  • Bedford , M.R. 1995 . Mechanism of action and potential environmental benefits from the use of feed enzymes . Animal Feed Science and Technology , 53 : 145 – 155 .
  • Bedford , M.R. and Classen , H.L. 1992 . Reduction of intestinal viscosity through manipulation of dietary rye and pen‐tosanase concentration is effected through changes in the carbohydrate composition of the intestinal aqueous phase and results in improved growth rate and food conversion efficiency of broiler chicks . Journal of Nutrition , 122 : 560 – 569 .
  • Bhatty , R.S. , Macgregor , A.W. and Rossnagel , B.G. 1991 . Total and acid soluble β‐glucan content of hulless barley and its relationship to acid‐extract viscosity . Cereal Chemistry , 68 : 221 – 227 .
  • Brenes , A. , Smith , M. , Guenter , W. and Marquardt , R.R. 1993 . Effect of enzyme supplementation on the performance and digestive tract size of broiler chickens fed wheat‐ and barley‐based diets . Poultry Science , 72 : 1731 – 1739 .
  • Briggs , D.E. 1992 . “ Barley germination: Biochemical changes and hormonal control ” . In Barley: genetics, biochemistry, molecular biology and biotechnology , Edited by: Shewry , P.R. 369 – 401 . Wallingford, , UK : CAB International .
  • Briggs , D.E. , Hough , J.S. , Stevens , R. and Young , T.W. 1981 . Malting and Brewing Science Vol. 1: Malt and sweet wort, , 2nd edn. , 387 London : Chapman and Hall .
  • Campbell , G.L. and Bedford , M.R. 1992 . Enzyme applications for monogastric feeds: A review . Canadian Journal of Animal Science , 72 : 449 – 466 .
  • De Silva , S. , Hesselman , K. and Aman , P. 1983 . Effects of water and β‐glucanase treatment on non‐starch polysaccharides in endosperm of low and high viscous barley . Swedish Journal of Agricultural Research , 13 : 211 – 219 .
  • Edney , M.J. , Campbell , G.L. and Classen , H.L. 1989 . The effect of β‐glucanase supplementation on nutrient digestibility and growth in broilers given diets containing barley, oat groats or wheat . Animal Feed Science and Technology , 25 : 193 – 200 .
  • Fry , R.E. , Allred , J.B. , Jensen , L.S. and McGinnis , J. 1958 . Influence of enzyme supplementation and water treatment on the nutritional value of different grains for poults . Poultry Science , 37 : 372 – 375 .
  • Greenberg , D.C. and Whitmore , E.T. 1974 . A rapid method for estimating the viscosity of barley extracts . Journal of the Institute of Brewing , 80 : 31 – 33 .
  • Hesselman , K. and Aman , P. 1986 . The effect of β‐glucanase on the utilization of starch and nitrogen by broiler chickens fed on barley of low‐ or high‐viscosity . Animal Feed Science and Technology , 15 : 83 – 93 .
  • Hesselman , K. , Elwinger , K. , Nilsson , M. and Thomke , S. 1981 . The effect of β‐glucanase supplementation, stage of ripeness, and storage treatment of barley in diets fed to broiler chickens . Poultry Science , 60 : 2664 – 2671 .
  • Hesselman , K. , Elwinger , K. and Thomke , S. 1982 . Influence of increasing levels of β‐glucanase on the productive value of barley diets for broiler chickens . Animal Feed Science and Technology , 7 : 351 – 358 .
  • McCleary , B.V. and Glennie‐Holmes , M. 1985 . Enzymic quantification of (1–3), (1–4)‐β‐D‐glucan in barley and malt . Journal of the Institute of Brewing , 91 : 285 – 295 .
  • McCleary , B.V. , Gibson , T.S. , Solah , V. and Mugford , D.C. 1994 . Total starch measurement in cereal products: interlab‐oratory evaluation of a rapid enzymic test procedure . Cereal Chemistry , 71 : 501 – 505 .
  • NRC . 1994 . Nutrient Requirements of Poultry , 9th edn. , 155 Washington DC, , USA : National Academy Press .
  • Philip , J.S. , Gilbert , H.J. and Smithard , R.R. 1995 . Growth, viscosity and beta‐glucanase activity of intestinal fluid in broiler chickens fed on barley‐based diets with or without exogenous enzymes . British Poultry Science , 36 : 599 – 603 .
  • Prentice , N. and Faber , S. 1981 . β‐D‐glucans in developing and germinating barley kernels . Cereal Chemistry , 58 : 88 – 96 .
  • Rotter , B.A. , Friesen , O. , Guenter , W. and Marquardt , R.R. 1990 . Influence of enzyme supplementation on the bioavail‐able energy of barley . Poultry Science , 69 : 1174 – 1181 .
  • SAS Institute . 1987 . SAS/STAT User's Guide , 6th edn , Cary, NC : SAS Institute .
  • Singh , T. and Sosulski , F.W. 1986 . Amino acid composition of malts: Effect of germination and gibberellic acid on hulled and hulless barley and utility wheat . Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry , 34 : 1012 – 1016 .
  • Smith , D.B. 1972 . The amino acid composition of barley grain protein during development and germination . Journal of Agricultural Science , 78 : 265 – 273 .
  • Svihus , B. , Herstad , O. and Newman , C.W. 1996a . Effect of high moisture storage of barley, oats and wheat on chemical content and nutritional value for broiler chickens . Acta Agricultural Scandinavica , 47 : 39 – 47 .
  • Svihus , B. , Newman , C.W. , Newman , R.K. and Selmer‐Olsen , I. 1996b . Changes in extract viscosity, amino acid content, and soluble and insoluble β‐glucan and dietary fibre content of barley during different high moisture storage conditions . Animal Feed Science and Technology , 64 : 257 – 272 .
  • Svihus , B. , Selmer‐Olsen , I. and BrAthen , E. 1995 . Effect of different preservation methods for high moisture barley on feeding value for broiler chickens . Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica , 45 : 252 – 259 .
  • White , W.B. , Bird , H.R. , Sunde , M.L. , Marlett , J.A. , Prentice , N.A. and Burger , W.C. 1983 . Viscosity of β‐glucan as a factor in the enzymatic improvement of barley for chicks . Poultry Science , 62 : 853 – 862 .
  • Williams , C.H. , David , B.J. and Iifnaa , O. 1962 . The determination of chromic oxide in faeces samples by atomic absorption and spectrophotometry . Journal of Agricultural Science , 59 : 381 – 385 .
  • Willingham , H.E. , Jensen , L.S. and McKinnis , J. 1959 . Studies on the role of enzyme supplements and water treatment for improving the nutritional value of barley . Poultry Science , 38 : 539 – 544 .
  • Willingham , H.E. , Leong , K.C. , Jensen , L.S. and McGinnis , J. 1960 . Influence of geographical area of production on response of different barley samples to enzyme supplements or water treatment . Poultry Science , 39 : 103 – 108 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.