References
- Cf. Jacques Derrida, Specters of Marx: The State of the Debt, the Work of Mourning, and the New International, trans. Peggy Kamuf (London: Continuum, 2006), p. 237.
- That is, what if one could move beyond what Derrida refers to as the Scylla and Charybdis of genesis and structure, where humanity would neither be the origin of the world (its ideal and transcendental ground) nor be constituted through some general structure or logic of life, of which ‘man’ would be some interpretable and almost necessary structural cause? Cf. Jacques Derrida, ‘Genesis and Structure in Husserl's Phenomenology’, in Writing and Difference, trans. Alan Bass (London: Continuum, 2001) p. 198.
- Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, Anti-Oedipus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia, trans. Robert Hurley, Mark Seem, and Helen R. Lane (New York: Viking Press, 1977); Michel Foucault, The History of Sexuality, trans. Robert Hurley (New York: Pantheon Books, 1978).
- Cf. Alexander Nehamas, Nietzsche, Life as Literature. (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1985).
- Jean Petitot, ed., Naturalizing Phenomenology: Issues in Contemporary Phenomenology and Cognitive Science (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1999).
- Alain Badiou's philosophy, for all its debts to Lacan and an inhuman mathematics, nevertheless remains committed to a subject who is both distinct from the ‘man’ of culturally embedded ethics and who emerges only in a subjective orientation towards truth, itself given in the exemplary case of the decision for revolution; see Alain Badiou, Ethics: An Essay on the Understanding of Evil, trans. Peter Hallward (London: Verso, 2001). For Zizek environmental and ecological catastrophes are opportunities for the fantasy frame of egological reference to break down in favour of a decision in the face of the Real; see: Living in the End Times (London: Verso, 2010). Hardt and Negri's Empire has, at its heart, both a refusal of any network or globalism that is not reducible to the productivity of living labour, and an affirmation of that network's capacity to regain control of its own potentiality and future; see: Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri, Empire (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2000).
- Stuart A. Kauffman, Reinventing the Sacred: A New View of Science, Reason and Religion (New York: Basic Books, 2008).
- Marc D. Hauser, Moral Minds: How Nature Designed our Universal Sense of Right and Wrong (New York: Ecco, 2006).
- Derrida, Specters, p. 121f.
- Paul De Man, Allegories of Reading: Figurai Language in Rousseau, Nietzsche, Rilke, and Proust (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1979).
- Jacques Derrida, The Post Card: From Socrates to Freud and Beyond, trans. Alan Bass. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987).
- The idea that differential life, proliferating from simplicity to advantageous complexity, is a force unto itself has been challenged by sources as diverse as Raymond Ruyer and Jerry Fodor. The former argues that life is not just a mechanistic or algorithmic process proceeding by mechanical sequence, but is oriented to ‘transcendent forms’ that play a directing role across various living beings. Fodor, with Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini, also argues for a return to the argument of mathematical and physical laws of form that could not have occurred in nature through the basic process of trial and error; see Raymond Ruyer, La genese des formes vivantes’ Paris: Flammarion, 1958) and: Jerry Fodor and Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini’ What Darwin Got Wrong, (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010).
- Jacques Derrida, ‘Freud and the Scene of Writing’, in Writing and Difference, trans. Alan Bass, (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1978); Jacques Derrida, The Post Card: From Socrates to Freud and Beyond, trans. Alan Bass, (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987).
- These ten plagues are, despite their range, thoroughly organic or human, for even the problems of techne are deemed to be those of human political formations: as listed in Specters they are, unemployment, the exclusion of the homeless from democracy, economic wars, the free market, foreign debt's capacity to starve humanity, the arms industry, nuclear weapons, interethnic wars, mafia and drug cartels (or phantom states), and the limits of international law (Derrida, Spectres, 100–105).
- Cf. Cynthia Chase, ‘Double-Take. Reading de Man and Derrida Writing on Tropes’, in: Legacies of Paul de Man, ed. Marc Redfield. (College Park: University of Maryland Press, 2005).
- Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The German Ideology, ed. C.J. Arthur (New York: Lawrence and Wishart, 1970) 53.
- Cf. Derrida, ‘To Do Justice to Freud’.
- Jacques Derrida, ‘Geschlecht II: Heidegger's Hand’, trans. John P. Leavey Jr., in John Sallis Ed., Deconstruction and Philosophy (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987) 169.
- Jacques Derrida, Geneses, Genealogies, Genres, and Genius: The Secrets of the Archive, trans. Beverley Bie Brahic, (New York: Columbia University Press, 2006) 204.
- Cf. M. J. Benton, When Life Nearly Died: The Greatest Mass Extinction of All Time, (New York: Thames and Hudson, 2003).
- Joyce, Richard. Evolution of Morality. Ed. John M Doris, (Cambridge: MIT Press, 2006); D S. Wilson, “Evolution, morality and human potential”, ed. S. J. Scher and F. Rauscher. Evolutionary Psychology Alternative Approaches (Dordrecht: Springer, 2002): 55–70.