Geo-politics versus market structure interventions in Europe's infrastructure industries c. 1830–1939

References

• Anchordoguy , M. 2001 . Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Company (NTT) and the building of a telecommunications industry in Japan . Business History Review , 75 : 507 – 541 .
   Google Scholar
• Andersson-Skog , L. 1996 . From state railway housekeeping to railway economics: Swedish railway policy and economic transformation after 1920 in an institutional perspective . Scandinavian Economic History Review , 49 : 23 – 42 .
   Google Scholar
• Andersson-Skog , L. 1999 . “ Political economy and institutional diffusion. The case of the Swedish railways and telecommunications up to 1950 ” . In Institutions and the transport and communications industries , Edited by: Anderson-Skog , L. and Krantz , O. 245 – 266 . Canton, MA : Science History Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Baily , M. 1993 . Competition, regulation and efficiency in service industries . Brookings Papers in Microeconomics , 2 : 71 – 159 .
   Google Scholar
• Barrett , S. D. 2006 . “ Privatisation in Ireland ” . In Privatisation experiences in the European Union , Edited by: Köthenbürger , M. , Sinn , H-W. and Whalley , J. 265 – 288 . Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Barrett , S. D. 2007 . “ Transforming air transport in Ireland ” . In Transforming public enterprise in Europe and the Americas: Networks, integration and transnationalisation , Edited by: Clifton , J. , Fuentes , D. and Comin , F. 117 – 130 . Basingstoke, UK : Palgrave .
   Google Scholar
• Bogart , D. 2009 . Nationalisations and the development of transport networks: Cross country evidence from railroad networks . Journal of Economic History , 69
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bongaerts , J. C. 1983 . Financing railways in the German states 1840–60: A preliminary view . Journal of European Economic History , 14 : 331 – 345 .
   Google Scholar
• Cain , P. J. 1973 . Private enterprise or public utility? Output, pricing and investment in English railways . Journal of Transport History , 1 : 9 – 28 .
   Google Scholar
• Cameron , R. E. 1961 . “ France and the economic development of Europe 1880–1914 ” . In Conquests of peace and seeds of war , Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Chadwick , E. 1859 . Results of different principles of legislation and administration in Europe: Of competition for the field, as compared with competition within the field, of service . Journal of the Royal Statistical Society , 22 : 381 – 420 .
   Google Scholar
• Chester , N. 1975 . The nationalisation of British industry 1945–51 , London : HMSO .
   Google Scholar
• Crompton , G. W. 1985 . Efficient and economical working? The performance of the railway companies 1923–33 . Business History , 27 : 222 – 237 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crompton , G. W. 1989 . Squeezing the pulpless orange: Labour and capital on the railways in the inter-war period . Business History , 31 : 66 – 83 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dawson , W. H. 1916 . Municipal life and local government in Germany , London : Longmans, Green & Co .
   Google Scholar
• Dougall , H. H. 1933 . Railway rates and rate making in France since 1921 . Journal of Political Economy , 35 : 289 – 333 .
   Google Scholar
• Doukas , K. 1945 . The French railroads and the state , New York : Columbia Press .
   Google Scholar
• Dunham , A. L. 1941 . How the first French railways were planned . Journal of Economic History , 1 : 12 – 25 .
   Google Scholar
• Fremdling , R. 1996 . Anglo-German rivalry in coal markets in France, the Netherlands and Germany 1850–1913 . Journal of European Economic History , 25 : 446 – 599 .
   Google Scholar
• Fremdling , R. 1999 . “ The Prussian and Dutch railway regulation in the 19th century ” . In Institutions and the transport and communications industries , Edited by: Andersson-Skog , L. and Krantz , O. 61 – 92 . Canton, MA : Science History Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Gabel , D. 1994 . Competition in a network industry: The telephone industry 1894–1910 . Journal of Economic History , 54 : 543 – 572 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greasley , D. 1990 . Fifty years of coal mining productivity: The record of the British coal industry before 1939 . Journal of Economic History , 50 : 877 – 902 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greasley , D. 1995 . “ The coal industry: Images and realities on the road to nationalization ” . In The political economy of nationalisation in Britain 1920–50 , Edited by: Millward , R. and Singleton , J. 37 – 64 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Headrick , D. R. 1991 . The invisible weapon: Telecommunications and international politics 1951–1945 , New York : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Headrick , D. R. and Griset , P. 2001 . Submarine telegraph cables: Business and politics . Business History Review , 75 : 543 – 578 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hedin , L.-E. 1967 . Some notes on the financing of the Swedish Railways 1860–1914 . Economy and History , 10 : 3 – 37 .
   Google Scholar
• Hoag , C. 2006 . The Atlantic cable and capital market information flows . Journal of Economic History , 66 : 342 – 353 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hyldtoft , O. 1994 . Modern theories of regulation: An old story: Danish gasworks in the 19th century . Scandinavian Economic History Review , 42 : 29 – 53 .
   Google Scholar
• Hyldtoft , O. 1995 . “ Making gas: The establishment of the Nordic gas systems, 1800–1870 ” . In Nordic energy systems: Historical perspectives and current issues , Edited by: Kaijser , A. and Hedin , M. 76 – 99 . Canton, MA : Science History Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Jacobson , C. D. 2000 . Ties that bind: Economic and political dilemmas of urban utility networks 1800–1990 , Pittsburg, PA : University of Pittsburg Press .
   Google Scholar
• Keefer , P. 1996 . Protection against a capricious state: French investment and Spanish railroads, 1845–1875 . Journal of Economic History , 56 : 170 – 192 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kennedy , P. M. 1971 . Imperial cable communications and strategy, 1870–1914 . The English Historical Review , 86 : 728 – 752 .
   Google Scholar
• Laborie , L. 2006 . “ A missing link: Telecommunication networks and European integration ” . In Networking Europe: Transnational infrastructure and the shape of Europe 1850–2000 , Edited by: van Leuten , E. and Kaijser , A. 187 – 215 . Sagamore Beach, MA : Watson .
   Google Scholar
• Laffut , M. 1983 . “ Belgium ” . In Railways and the economic development of Europe , Edited by: O'Brien , P. 203 – 226 . Oxford : Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Lipartito , K. 1988 . The telephone in the South: A comparative analysis, 1877–1920 . Journal of Economic History , 48 : 419 – 421 .
   Google Scholar
• Lipartito , K. 1989 . System building on the margin: The problem of public choice in the telephone industry . Journal of Economic History , 49 : 323 – 336 .
   Google Scholar
• Lipartito , K. 2000 . “ Failure to communicate: British Telecommunications and the American Model ” . In Americanisation and its limits: Reworking US technology and management in post-war Europe and Japan , Edited by: Zeitlin , J. and Herrigel , G. 152 – 179 . Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Lorimer , F. 1946 . The population of the Soviet Union: History and prospects , Geneva : League of Nations .
   Google Scholar
• MacMahon , A. W. and Dittmar , W. R. 1939/1940 . “ Autonomous public enterprise – the German railways ” . In Political Science Quarterly Part I (LIV, Dec. 1939, 481–513), Part II (LV, March 1940, 25–52), Part III (LV, June, 176–198)
   Google Scholar
• Maddison , A. 1991 . Dynamic forces in capitalist development , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Matthews , D. 1985 . Rogues, speculators and competing monopolies: The early London gas companies, 1812–1860 . The London Journal , 2 : 39 – 50 .
   Google Scholar
• McDougall , R. 2006 . Long lines: AT&T's long distance network as an organisational and political strategy . Business History Review , 80 : 297 – 327 .
   Google Scholar
• Meyer , H. R. 1906 . Municipal ownership in Germany . Journal of Political Economy , 14 : 553 – 567 .
   Google Scholar
• Mierzejewski , A. C. 1996 . The German National Railway Company confronts its competitors 1920–39 . Business and Economic History , 25 : 89 – 102 .
   Google Scholar
• Mierzejewski , A. C. 1999 . The most valuable asset of the Reich: A history of the German National Railway , Chapel Hill : University of North Carolina Press .
   Google Scholar
• Millward , R. 199l . The market behaviour of local utilities in pre-World War I Britain: The case of gas . Economic History Review , 44 : 102 – 127 .
   Google Scholar
• Millward , R. 2005 . Private and public enterprise in Europe: Energy, telecommunications and transport c.1830–1990 , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Millward , R. 2007 . La distribution de l'eau dans les villes en Grande-Bretagne au XIXe et XXe siècles: Le gouvernement municipal et le dilemme des compagnies privées . Histoire, Economie et Société , 26 : 111 – 128 .
   Google Scholar
• Millward , R. 2008 . “ Business and the state ” . In Oxford handbook of business history , Edited by: Jones , G. and Zeitlin , J. 529 – 557 . New York : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Millward , R. 2011 . “ The institutional economic history of infrastructure industries c1830–1990: Ideology, technology, geo-politics ” . In International handbook for the liberalisation of infrastructures (pp. 87–99) , Edited by: Finger , M. and Künneke , R. Basingstoke : Edward Elgar .
   Google Scholar
• Mitchell , B. R. 1988 . British historical statistics , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Mitchell , B. R. 2003a . International historical statistics: Europe 1750–2000 , London : Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Mitchell , B. R. 2003b . International historical statistics: The Americas: 1750–2000 , London : Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Mitchell , B. R. 2003c . International historical statistics: Africa, Asia and Oceania 1750–2000 , New York : Stockton .
   Google Scholar
• O'Grada . 1997 . A rocky road: The Irish economy since the 1920s , Manchester : Manchester University Press .
   Google Scholar
• O'Hara , G. 2010 . Britain and the sea since 1600 , London : Palgrave Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Radcliffe , B. 1976 . Railway imperialism: The example of the Pereires' Paris-St. Germain Company . Business History , 18 : 66 – 84 .
   Google Scholar
• Rawson , R. W. 1839 . On railways in Belgium . Journal of the Royal Statistical Society of London , 2 : 47 – 62 .
   Google Scholar
• Silva , A. P. and Diego , M. P. 2006 . “ From host and hostage: Portugal, Britain and the Atlantic cables ” . In Networking Europe: Transnational infrastructure and the shape of Europe 1850–2000 , Edited by: van Leuten , E. and Kaijser , A. 51 – 60 . Sagamore Beach, MA : Watson .
   Google Scholar
• Soderlund , E. F. 1963 . The placing of the first Swedish railway loan . Scandinavian Economic History Review , 11 : 43 – 59 .
   Google Scholar
• Stevenson , D. 1999 . War by timetable? The railway race before 1914 . Past and Present , 162 : 163 – 194 .
   Google Scholar
• Wallsten , S. 2005 . Returning to Victorian competition, ownership and regulation: An empirical study of European telecommunications at the turn of the century . Journal of Economic History , 65 : 693 – 722 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitaker & Sons . 1910 . Whitaker's almanac , London : Whitaker & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Whitaker & Sons . 1938 . Whitaker's almanac , London : Whitaker & Sons .
   Google Scholar