Advanced search
Publication Cover
Business History Volume 62, 2020 - Issue 5: Business History and European Integration: How EEC Competition Policy Affected Companies’ Strategies
Submit an article Journal homepage
435
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

From cartels to futures. The aluminium industry, the London Metal Exchange and European competition policies, 1960s–1980s

Marco BertilorenziDISSGEA, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, ItalyCorrespondence[email protected]
View further author information
Pages 782-814 | Published online: 21 May 2018

References

  • Adler-Karlsson, Gunnar. Western Economic Warfare 1947–1967. A Case Study in Foreign Economic Policy. Stockholm: Almquist & Wiksell, 1968.
  • Akiyama, Takamasa, ed. Commodity Markets Reforms. Lessons of Two Decades. Washington DC: World Bank Publications, 2001.
  • Andersen, Stine. The Enforcement of EU Law. The Role of the European Commission. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199645442.001.0001
  • Atsé, David. Commodity Futures Trading and International Market Stabilization. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 1986.
  • Attali, Jacques. Un Homme d’Influence. Sir Siegmund G. Warburg, 1902-1982. Paris: Fayard, 1985.
  • Bachmann, Henri. Aluminum as an Export Industry. Geneva: UNCTAD, 1964 (doc. E/Conf.46).
  • Baker, Bruce E., and Barbara Hahn. The Cotton Kings. Capitalism and Corruption in the Turn-of-the-Century New York and New Orleans. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.
  • Ball, Simon. “The German Octopus: The British Metal Corporation and the Next War, 1914–1939.” Enterprise and Society 5, no. 3 (2004): 451–489.
  • Ballande, Laurence. Les Ententes économiques internationales. Étude monographique et statistique. Paris: Librarie Technique et Economique, 1937.
  • Barham, Bradford L. States, Firms, and Raw Materials. The World Economy and Ecology of Aluminum. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 1994.
  • Barjot, Dominique. “ALCAN 1971-1989. Performances, Strategies, Structures, Résultats Prémilinaires.” In Revue française d’histoire économique, vol. I-II, 46–64, 2015–16.
  • Barjot, Dominique. “Introduction.” In International Cartels Revisited. Vues nouvelles sur les cartels internationaux (1880-1980), edited by Dominique Barjot. Caen: Editions diffusions du Lys, 1994.
  • Barjot, Dominique. “Performances, Strategies and Structures: Pechiney (1949-1970). The Lessons of the Accounting Analysis, First Results.” In Aluminium. From Luxury Metal to Mass Commodity – Du Métal De Luxe Au Métal De Masse (XIXe-XXe Siècles), edited by Dominique Barjot and Marco Bertilorenzi, 221–232. Paris: Presses de l’Université Paris Sorbonne, 2014.
  • Barjot, Dominique, and Marco Bertilorenzi. "Création et Aluminium en perspective historique.” In Aluminium. From luxury metal to mass commodity – du métal de luxe au métal de masse (XIXe-XXe siècles), edited by Dominique Barjot and Marco Bertilorenzi, 11–27. Paris: Presses de l’Université Paris Sorbonne, 2014.
  • Barro, Robert J. “A Theory of Monopolistic Price Adjustment.” The Review of Economic Studies 39, no. 1 (1972): 17–26.10.2307/2296440
  • Becker, Susan. “The German Metal Traders.” In The Multinational Traders, edited by Goeffrey Jones, 66–85. New York and London: Routledge, 1998.
  • Bennet, Michael K. International Commodity Stockpiling as an Economic Stabilizer. New York: Stanford University Press, 1949.
  • Bertilorenzi, Marco. “Business, Finance and Politics: The Rise and Fall Fo International Aluminium Cartels, 1914-45.” Business History 56, no. 2 (2014): 236–269.10.1080/00076791.2013.771337
  • Bertilorenzi, Marco. The International Aluminium Cartel, 1886–1978. The Business and Politics of an Industrial Cooperative Institution. London: Routledge, 2016.
  • Borkin, Joseph, and Charles A. Welsh. Germany’s Master Plan: The Story of Industrial Offensive. New York: Sloan Long, 1943.
  • Born, Karl Erich. Internationale Kartellierung einer Neuen Industrie: Die Aluminium-Association 1901–1915. Munich: Berg, 1994.
  • Brault, Thierry. “L’introduction de l’aluminium au London Metal Exchange (1978): cause ou effet de la transformation du marché mondial?.” Cahiers d’histoire de l’aluminium 40, no. 2008 (1978): 31–43.
  • Burns, Joseph M. “Futures Markets and Market Efficiency.” In Futures Markets Modelling, Managing, and Monitoring Futures Trading, edited by Manfred E. Streit, 46–74. Oxford: Blackwell, 1983.
  • Bussière, Eric. “La concurrence.” In La Commission Européenne. Mémoires d’une institution, edited by European Commission, 315–329. Brussels: European Commission, 2007.
  • Cailluet, Ludovic. Stratégies, Structures d’Organisation et Pratique de Gestion de Pechiney des années 1880 à 1971. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Lyon III University, 1995.
  • Cailluet, Ludovic. “The British Aluminium Industry, 1945-1980s: Chronicles of a Death Foretold?” Accounting Business and Financial History 11, no. 1 (2001): 79-97.10.1080/09585200010015040
  • Cairns, Robert D. “Changing Structure in the World Nickel Industry.” The Antitrust Bulletin 29 (1984): 561–575.
  • Campbell, Duncan. Mission globale. L’histoire d’ALCAN. Montréal: Ontario Publishing, 3 vols, 1989–94.
  • Cassis, Youssef. Capitals of Capital. The Rise and Fall of International Financial Centres 1780–2009. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
  • Cerretano, Valerio. “European Cartels, European Multinationals and Economic De-Globalisation: Insights from the Rayon Industry, C. 1900–1939.” Business History 54, no. 4 (2012): 1–29.
  • Chalmin, Philippe. “Aluminium and the London Metal Exchange.” In Aluminium. From luxury metal to mass commodity – du métal de luxe au métal de masse (XIXe-XXe siècles). Edited by Dominique Barjot and Marco Bertilorenzi, 189–196. Paris: Presses de l’Université Paris Sorbonne, 2014.
  • Chapman, Stanley D. Merchant Entreprise in Britain. From the Industrial Revolution to the World War I. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
  • Charles River Associates. An Economic Analysis of the Aluminum Industry. Cambridge: Charles Rivers Ass, 1971.
  • Coppolaro, Lucia. The Making of a World Trading Power the European Economic Community (EEC) in the GATT Kennedy round Negotiations (1963–67). Farnham: Ashgate, 2013.
  • Cottier, Thomas, and Panagiotis Delimatsis. The Prospects of International Trade Regulation. From Fragmentation to Coherence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.10.1017/CBO9780511792496
  • Cuff, Robert D. “Stockpile and Defense Escalation, 1965–1968.” Public Historian 9, no. 4 (1987): 44–64.10.2307/3377773
  • Daviet, Jean-Pierre. “Saint-Gobain et les ententes internationales.” In International cartels revisited. Vues nouvelles sur les cartels internationaux (1880-1980), edited by Dominique Barjot, 105–116. Caen: Editions diffusions du Lys, 1994.
  • Delay, Annie. L’Industrie mondiale de l’aluminium. Paris: DAFSA, Collection ‘Analyses des secteurs,’ 1981.
  • Elliot, William Y., Alexander Skelton, and Donald H. Wallace, eds. International Control in Nonferrous Metals. New York: Macmillan, 1937.
  • Engel, Alexander. “Futures and Risk. The Rise and Demise of the Hedger-Speculator Dichotomy.” Socio-Economic Review 11, no. 3 (2013): 553–576.10.1093/ser/mwt007
  • Engle, Nathaniel H., Homer E. Gregory, and Robert Mosse. Aluminum: An Industrial Marketing Survey. Chicago, IL: Irwin, 1945.
  • European Economic Commission. Aluminium. Raw Materials Dossiers. Research and Development. Brussels: DG XII, Research, Science and Education (doc. XII/1133/78), 1978.
  • Fear, Jeffrey. “Cartels and Competition. Neither Markets Nor Hierarchies.” working paper 07-011. Harvard Business School, 2006.
  • Fear, Jeffrey. “Cartels.” In The Oxford Handbook of Business History. Edited by Geoffrey Jones and Jonathan Zeitlin. London: Oxford University press, 2008.
  • Fellman, Susanna, and Martin Shanahan. “Introduction. Regulating Competition – The Rise and Fall of ‘Cartel Registers’ in the Twentieth-Century World.” In Regulating Competition. Cartel Registers in the Twentieth-Century World, edited by Susanna Fellman and Martin Shanahan, 1–13. New York and London: Routledge, 2015.
  • Fergusson, Niall. High Financer. The lives and time of Siegmund Warburg. London: Penguin Press, 2010.
  • Figuerola-Ferretti, Isabel, and Christopher L. Gilbert. “Price Volatility and Marketing Methods in the Non-Ferrous Metal Industry.” Journal of Financial Economy 27, no. 3 (2001): 169–177.
  • Figuerola-Ferretti, Isabel, and Christopher L. Gilbert. “Price Discovery in the Aluminium Market.” Journal of Future Markets 25, no. 10 (2005): 967–988.10.1002/(ISSN)1096-9934
  • Fligstein, Neil. The Architecture of Markets. An Economic Sociology of Twenty-First-Century Capitalist Society. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002.
  • Frenz, Walter. Handbook of EU Competition Law. Berlin: Springer, 2016.10.1007/978-3-662-48593-4
  • Freyer, Tony A. Antitrust and Global Capitalism. London: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
  • Friedman, Milton. “Commodity-Reserve Currency.” The Journal of Political Economy 59, no. 3 (1951): 203–232.10.1086/257077
  • Frøland, Hans-Otto, and Mats Ingulstad. “An Age of Aluminium. The Political Economy of the Aluminium Industry in the Twentieth Century.” In From Warfare to Welfare. Business-Government Relations in the Aluminium Industry. Edited by Hans-Otto Frøland and Mats Ingulstad, 15–32. Trondheim: Akademika Publishing, 2012.
  • Gerber, David J., and Global Competition. Law, Markets, and Globalisation. Oxford: Oxford Univesity Press, 2012.
  • Gibson-Jarvie, Robert. The London Metal Exchange. A Commodity Market. London: Woodhead-Faulkner, 1989.
  • Gilbert, Christopher L. “Modelling Market Fundamentals: A Model of the Aluminium Market.” Journal of Applied Econometrics 10, no. 4 (1995): 385–410.10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1255
  • Goeffrey, Jones, ed. The Multinational Traders. New York and London: Routledge, 1998.
  • Goss, Barry A. The Theory of Futures Trading. New York: Routledge, 1972.
  • Goss, Barry A. "The Forward Pricing Function of the London Metal Exchange.” In Futures Markets. Their Establishment and Performance, edited by Barry A. Goss, 157–173. New York: Routledge, 2013 (first edition 1986).
  • Graham, Margaret B. W., and Elisabeth H. Pruitt. R&D for Industry: A Century of Technical Innovation at Alcoa. Cambridge MA: University Press, 1990.
  • Greenstone, Wayne D. “The Coffee Cartel: Manipulation in the Public Interest.” The Journal of Futures Markets 1, no. 1 (1981): 3–16.10.1002/(ISSN)1096-9934
  • Grinberg, Ivan. Aluminum. Light at heart. Paris: Gallimard, 2009.
  • Gross, Martin. “A Semi Strong Test of the Efficiency of the Aluminium and Copper Markets at the LME.” Journal of Futures Markets 8, no. 1 (1988): 67–77.10.1002/(ISSN)1096-9934
  • Hachez-Leroy, Florence. L’Aluminium français: La Création d’un Marché, 1911–1981. Paris: CNRS Editions, 1999.
  • Hachez-Leroy, Florence. “La construction européenne et ses conséquences sur l’industrie européenne de l’aluminium.” Cahiers d’histoire de l’aluminium 1 (2003): 23–35.
  • Hachez-Leroy, Florence. “Le Cartel International de l’Aluminium du Point de Vue des Sociétés Françaises, 1901–1940.” In International Cartels Revisited: Vues Nouvelles sur les Cartels Internationaux (1880s–1980s), edited by Dominique Barjot, 153–162. Caen: Editions du Lys, 1994.
  • Hachez-Leroy, Florence. “Stratégie Et Cartels Internationaux, 1901–1981.” In Industrialisation Et Sociétés En Europe Occidentale De La Fin Du XIXe Siècle à Nos Jours: L’Âge De L’Aluminium, edited by Ivan Grinberg and Florence Hachez-Leroy, 164–174. Paris: Armand Colin, 1997.
  • Hart, Albert G., Nicholas Kaldor, and Jan Tinbergen. The Case for an International Commodity Reserve Currency. Geneva: UNCTAD, 1963.
  • Hexner, Ervin. International Cartels. Chapel Hill: North Carolina University Press, 1946.
  • Hillman, John. The International Tin Cartel. New York and London: Routledge, 2010.
  • Holloway, Steven. The Aluminium Multinationals and the Bauxite Cartel. London: Macmillan, 1988.10.1007/978-1-349-09093-8
  • Huré, Valérie. Les organisations européennes de l’aluminium: Premiers contacts avec des associations à la recherche de leur identité (1953-1984). Unpublished BA Thesis, Université d’Artois, 1996.
  • Ingulstad, Mats. “We Want Aluminium Not Excuses! Antitrust and Business-Government Partnership in the American Aluminium Industry, 1917-1957.” In From Warfare to Welfare: Business-Government Relations in the Aluminium Industry, edited by Hans Otto Frøland and Mats Ingulstad, 33–68. Trondheim: Akademika, 2012.
  • Ionescu, George. The European Alternatives. An Inquiry into the Policies of the European Community. London : Sijthoff & Noordhoff, 1979.
  • Jack, David S. “Populists versus Theorists: Futures Markets and the Volatility of Prices.” Explorations in Economic History 44 (2007): 342–362.10.1016/j.eeh.2006.04.002
  • Jackson, Ian. The Economic Cold War. America, Britain and East-West Trade, 1948-63. London: Palgrave, 2001.
  • Jensen-Eriksen, Niklas. "The Cold War in Energy Markets. British Efforts to Contain Soviet Oil Exports to Non-Communist Countries 1950-1965.” In Le Petrôle et la Guerre. Oil and War, edited by Alain Bertrand, 191–208. Brussels: Peter Lang, 2012.
  • Jones, Goeffrey. Merchants to Multinationals. British Trading Companies in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.
  • Kipping, Mathias, and Ludovic Cailluet. “Mintzberg’s Emergent and Deliberate Strategies: Tracking Alcan’s Activities in Europe, 1928–2007.” Business History Review, No 84 (2010): 79–104.10.1017/S0007680500001252
  • Knoepfli, Adrian. From Dawn to Dusk. Alusuisse. Swiss Aluminium Pioner from 1930 to 2010. Zurich: Jetz, 1930.
  • Kostecki, Michel, ed. The Soviet Impact on Commodity Markets. London: Macmillan, 1984.
  • Kronstein, Heinrich. The Law of International Cartels. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1973.
  • Lambert, Emily. The Futures. The Rise of the Speculator and the Origins of the Wolrd’s Biggest Markets. New York: Basic Books, 2011.
  • Lanthier, Pierre. “Les stratégies financières d’ALCAN de 1940 à 1970: du soutient public aux invetissements privés.” Revue française d’histoire économique I-II (2015-2016): 32–44.
  • Lesclous, Réné. Histoire des sites producteurs d’aluminium. Les choix stratégiques de Pechiney 1892-1992. Paris: Presses des Mines, 2004.
  • Levenstein, Margaret C., and Valerie Y. Suslow. “What Determines Cartel Success?” Journal of Economic Literature 44, no. 1 (2006): 43–95.10.1257/002205106776162681
  • Levenstein, Margaret C., and Valerie Y. Suslow. “Breaking up is Hard to Do: Determinants of Cartel Duration.” Journal of Law and Economics 54, no. 2 (2011): 455–494.10.1086/657660
  • Levy, Jonathan I. “Contemplating Delivery. Futures Trading and the Problem of Commodity Exchange in the United States, 1875–1905.” The American Historical Review 111, no. 2 (2006): 307–335.10.1086/ahr.111.2.307
  • Litvak, Isaiah, and Christopher Maule. “Assessing Industry Concentration. The Case of Aluminium.” Journal of the Industrial Business Studies 15, no. 1 (1984): 97–104.10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490473
  • Lopez-Morel, Miguel A. “Rothschilds' Strategies in International Non-Ferrous Metals Markets, 1830–1940.” The Economic History Review 67, no. 6 (2014): 720–749.
  • Lopez-Morel, Miguel A., and Luciano R. Segreto. “The International Mercury Cartel., 1928–1954: Controlling Global Supply.” Business History Review 89, no. 2 (2015): 255–280.10.1017/S0007680515000355
  • Maizels, Alfred. Commodities in Crisis. The Commodity Crisis of the 1980s and the Political Economy of International Commodity Policies. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992.
  • Marquet, Yannick. Négoce International Des Matières Premières. Paris: Eyrolles, 1992.
  • Mason, Edward S. Controlling World Trade: Cartels and Commodity Agreements. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1946.
  • McGowan, Lee. The Antitrust Revolution in Europe. Exploring the European Commission’s Cartel Policy. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2010.10.4337/9781849807012
  • Means, Gardiner C. Pricing Power and the Public Interest. A Study Based on Steel. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1962.
  • Michie, Ranald. The London Stock Exchange. An history. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
  • Mikdashi, Zuhayr. “Aluminum.” In Big Business and the State. Changing Relations in Western Europe, edited by Raymond Vernon, 170–195. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1974
  • Mouak, Prosper. Le marché de l’aluminium. Structuration et analyse du comportement des prix au comptant et à terme au London Metal Exchange. Unpublished PHD Thesis, Université d’Orléans, 2010.
  • Nappi, Carmine. Commodity Market Controls. A historical review. Toronto: Lexington Books, 1979.
  • Nappi, Carmine. L’Aluminium. Paris: Economica, 1994.
  • Nappi, Carmine. “L’industrie internationale de l’aluminium. Changements structurels et perspectives, 1970-2010.” In Aluminium. From luxury metal to mass commodity – du métal de luxe au métal de masse (XIXe-XXe siècles), edited by Dominique Barjot and Marco Bertilorenzi, 149–169. Paris: Presses de l’Université Paris Sorbonne, 2014.
  • Newbery, David M. “Commodity-Price Stabilization in Imperfect or Cartelized Markets.” Econometrica 52 (1984): 563–578.10.2307/1913465
  • Newbery, David M., and Joseph E. Stiglitz. The Theory of Commodity Price Stabilization: A Study in the Economics of Risk. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1981.
  • North, Douglass C. Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.10.1017/CBO9780511808678
  • Patel, Kiran, and Heike Schweitzer. The Historical Foundations of EU Competition Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199665358.001.0001
  • Peck, Merton J. Competition in the Aluminum Industry, 1945–1958. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1961.10.4159/harvard.9780674423893
  • Peck, Merton J., ed. The World Aluminum Industry in a Changing Energy Era. Washington DC: John Hopkins University Press, 1988.
  • Perchard, Andrew. Aluminiumville. Government, Global Business and the Scottish Highlands. Lancaster: Crucible Books, 2012.
  • Pindyck, Robert S. “Inventories and the Short-Run Dynamics of Commodity Prices.” The RAND Journal of Economics 25, no. 1 (1994): 141–159.10.2307/2555858
  • Porter, Michael. Competitive Strategy. Techniques for analyzing industries and competitors: New York, Free Press, 1980.
  • Ramirez, Sigfrido. “La Politique de la concurrence de la CEE.’ et l’industrie: l’exemple des accords sur la distribution automobile (1972-1985).” Histoire, économie et société 27, no. 1 (2008): 63–78.10.3917/hes.081.0063
  • Rudell, Alexander. Die Zulässogkeit horizontaler Empfehlungen nach deutschem und EWG-Kartellrecht. Dusseldorf: Carl Heymanns Verlag KG, 1973.
  • Scherer, Frederic M. Industrial Pricing. Theory and Evidence. Chicago, IL: Rand McNally, 1970.
  • Schröter, Harm. “Cartelisation and Decartelisation in Europe, 1870-1995: Rise and Decline of an Economic Institution.” The Journal of European Economic History 25, no. 1 (1996): 129–153.
  • Segreto, Luciano R. “East-West Trade in Cold War Europe: National Interests and Hypocrisy.” In Towards a New Europe. Identity, Economics, Institutions: Different Experiences, edited by Alberto Tonini. Firenze: Polistampa, 2006.
  • Slade, Margaret E. “The Two Pricing Systems for Non-Ferrous Metals.” Resources Policy 15, no. 3 (1989): 209–220.10.1016/0301-4207(89)90053-6
  • Smith, George David. From Monopoly to Competition. The Transformation of Alcoa, 1888-1986. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
  • Spar, Debora. The Cooperative Edge. The International Policies of International Cartels. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1994.
  • Stanziani, Alessandro. Rules of Exchange. French Capitalism in Comparative Perspective, Eighteenth to Early Twentieth Centuries. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
  • Stein, Jerome L. The Economics of Futures Markets. Oxford: Basil Blackwll, 1986.
  • Stigler, George J. “A Theory of Oligopoly.” The Journal of Political Economy 72, no. 1 (1964): 44–61.10.1086/258853
  • Stiglitz, Joseph E. Globalisation and Its Discontents. New York: Norton & Co., 2002.
  • Stocking, George W., and Myron W. Watkins. Cartels in Action: Cases Studies in International Business Diplomacy. New York: Twentieth Century Fund, 1946.
  • Storli, Espen. “Cartel Theory and Cartel Practice. The Case of the International Aluminium Cartels, 1901-1940.” Business History Review 88, no. 3 (2014): 445–467.10.1017/S0007680514000385
  • Storli, Espen, and David Brégaint. “The Ups and Downs of a Family Life: Det Norske Nitridaktienselskap, 1912-1976.” Enterprise and Society 10, no. 4 (2009): 763–790.
  • Streit, Manfred E. (ed.). Futures Markets Modelling, Managing, and Monitoring Futures Trading. Oxford: Blackwell, 1983.
  • Stuckey, John A. Vertical Integration and Joint Ventures in the Aluminum Industry. London: Harvard University, 1983.
  • Tarring, Trevor. Corner! a Century of Metal Market Manipulation. London: Metal Bulletin Books, 1997.
  • Tisdell, Clement A. The Theory of Price Uncertainty, Production, and Profit. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968.
  • Tsokhas, Kosmas. “The Rise and Decline of an International Zinc and Lead Cartel, 1945-1975.” Australian Economic History Review 40, no. 3 (2000): 262–286.
  • UN (United Nations). Les Sociétés transnationales dans l’industrie de production de l’aluminium à partir de la bauxite. New York: United Nations (doc. ST/CTC/20), 1982.
  • UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development). Studies in the Processing, Marketing and Distribution of Commodities. The Processing and Marketing of Bauxite, Alumina and Aluminium: Areas for International Co-Operation. Geneva: United Nations, document TD/B/C.1/PSC/Rev.1, 1982.
  • Van Bael, Ivo, and Jean-François Bellis. Competition Law of the European Community. The Hague and New York: Wolters Kluwer, 2010.
  • Vernon, Raymond. “Soviet Commodity Power in International Economic Relations.” In The Soviet Impact on Commodity Markets, edited by Michel Kostecki, 6–15. London: Macmillan, 1984.10.1007/978-1-349-06513-4
  • Wallace, Donald H. Market Control in Aluminum Industry. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1937.
  • Waller, Spencer Weber. “The Story of Alcoa: The Enduring Questions of Market Power, Conduct, and Remedy in Monopolization Cases.” In Antitrust Stories, edited by Eleanor M Fox and Daniel A Crane. New York: Foundation Press, 2007.
  • Warlouzet, Laurent. “The Centralization of EU Competition Policy. Historical Institutionalist Dynamics from Cartel Monitoring to Merger Control (1956-91).” Journal of Common Market Studies 54, no. 3 (2016): 725–741.10.1111/jcms.12318
  • Warlouzet, Laurent. Governing Europe in a Globalizing World. Neoliberalism and Its Alternatives following the 1973 Oil Crisis. London: Routledge, 2018.
  • Warlouzet, Laurent. “Competition Policy in the European Economic Community (1957-1992). The Curse of Compulsory Registration?” In Regulating Competition. Cartel Registers in the Twentieth-Century World, edited by Susanna Fellman and Martin Shanahan. London: Routledge, 48–65, 2015
  • Watkins, Clinton, and Michael McAleer. “Pricing of Non-Ferrous Metals Futures on the London Metal Exchange.” Applied Financial Economics 16 (2006): 858–880.
  • Wells, Wyatt. Antitrust and the Formation of the Postwar World. New York: Columbia University Press, 2002.
  • Wolff, Rudolf. The Wolff’s Guide to the London Metal Exchange. London: Metal Bulletin books, 1980.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.