References

• Patel V, Li W, Vairis A, et al. Recent development in friction stir processing as a solid-state grain refinement technique: microstructural evolution and property enhancement. Crit Rev Solid State Mater Sci. 2019;44(5):378–426. doi:10.1080/10408436.2018.1490251
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bharti S, Ghetiya ND, Patel KM. A review on manufacturing the surface composites by friction stir processing. Mater Manuf Process. 2021;36(2):135–170. doi:10.1080/10426914.2020.1813897
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bajakke PA, Malik VR, Deshpande AS. Particulate metal matrix composites and their fabrication via friction stir processing–a review. Mater Manuf Process. 2019;34(8):833–881. doi:10.1080/10426914.2019.1605181
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suneesh E, Sivapragash M. Comprehensive studies on processing and characterization of hybrid magnesium composites. Mater Manuf Process. 2018;33(12):1324–1345. doi:10.1080/10426914.2018.1453155
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang CI, Wang YN, Pei HR, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of nano-ZrO2 and nano-SiO2 particulate reinforced AZ31-Mg based composites fabricated by friction stir processing. Key Eng Mater. 2007;351:114–119. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.351.114
   Google Scholar
• Choudhary AK, Jain R. Fundamentals of friction stir welding, its application and recent advancements. In: Davim JP, editor. Welding technology. Springer, Cham; 2020. p. 1–44.
   Google Scholar
• Hussain I, Immanuel RJ. Composite materials and its advancements for a cleaner engine of future. Singapore: Springer; 2021. doi:10.1007/978-981-16-8337-4
   Google Scholar
• Sandeep KJ, Choudhary AK, Immanuel RJ. Microstructural characterization and mechanical performance of AZ91 magnesium alloy processed by friction stir processing using novel tool designs. J Mater Eng Perform. 2023. doi:10.1007/s11665-023-07980-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taghiabadi R, Moharami A. Mechanical properties enhancement of Mg–4Si in-situ composites by friction stir processing. Mater Sci Technol (United Kingdom). 2021;37(1):66–77. doi:10.1080/02670836.2020.1866848
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Babu N, Megalingam A. Microstructural, mechanical and tribological characterization of ZrB2 reinforced AZ31B surface coatings made by friction stir processing. J Adhes Sci Technol. 2023;37(2):195–212. doi:10.1080/01694243.2022.2029093
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu F, Ji Y, Sun Z, et al. Enhancing corrosion resistance of Al–Cu/AZ31 composites synthesized by a laser cladding and FSP hybrid method. Mater Manuf Process. 2019;34(13):1458–1466. doi:10.1080/10426914.2019.1661432
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khodabakhshi F, Nosko M, Gerlich AP. Dynamic restoration and crystallographic texture of a friction-stir processed Al–Mg–SiC surface nanocomposite. Mater Sci Technol (United Kingdom). 2018;34(14):1773–1791. doi:10.1080/02670836.2018.1490858
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaira Vignesh R, Padmanaban R, Govindaraju M. Synthesis and characterization of magnesium alloy surface composite (AZ91D - SiO2) by friction stir processing for bioimplants. Silicon. 2020;12(5):1085–1102. doi:10.1007/s12633-019-00194-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Satish Kumar T, Shalini S, Thankachan T. Friction stir processing based surface modification of AZ31 magnesium alloy. Mater Manuf Process. 2023;00(00):1–10. doi:10.1080/10426914.2023.2165670
   Google Scholar
• Vaira Vignesh R, Padmanaban R, Govindaraju M, et al. Investigations on the corrosion behaviour and biocompatibility of magnesium alloy surface composites AZ91D-ZrO2 fabricated by friction stir processing. Trans Inst Met Finish. 2019;97(5):261–270. doi:10.1080/00202967.2019.1648005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srivastava AK, Kumar N, Saxena A, et al. Effect of friction stir processing on microstructural and mechanical properties of lightweight composites and cast metal alloys – A review. Int J Cast Met Res. 2021;34(3–6):169–195. doi:10.1080/13640461.2021.2014667
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morishige T, Tsujikawa M, Hino M, et al. Microstructural modification of cast Mg alloys by friction stir processing. Int J Cast Met Res. 2008;21(1–4):109–113. doi:10.1179/136404608X361774
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong WLE, Gupta M. Development of Mg/Cu nanocomposites using microwave assisted rapid sintering. Compos Sci Technol. 2007;67(7–8):1541–1552. doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2006.07.015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hussain I, Immanuel RJ. High energy ball milling–an advanced processing route for effective development of titanium aluminide intermetallic alloy through mechanical alloying. Met Powders Rep. 2022;77(4).doi:10.12968/S0026-0657(22)70020-3
   Google Scholar
• Wang N, Xiao Z, Li S, et al. Development of a novel Ni-based composite via in-situ reinforcement units formed by high-density hierarchical nanoscale precipitates. Mater Des. 2023;225:111554. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2022.111554
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maweja K, Phasha M, van der Berg N. Microstructure and crystal structure of an equimolar Mg–Ti alloy processed by simoloyer high-energy ball mill. Powder Technol. 2010;199(3):256–263. doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2010.01.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma ZYY. Friction stir processing technology: a review. Metall Mater Trans A. 2008;39(3):642–658. doi:10.1007/s11661-007-9459-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen CF, Kao PW, Chang LW, et al. Effect of processing parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of an Al–Al11Ce3–Al2O3 in-situ composite produced by friction stir processing. Metall Mater Trans A Phys Metall Mater Sci. 2010;41(2):513–522. doi:10.1007/s11661-009-0115-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hussain I. Development and performance studies of a lightweight AA6061/Ti particulate surface composite through friction stir processing. 2023, No. May. doi:10.4271/2023-28-1303.Received
   Google Scholar
• Asadi P, Givi MKB, Abrinia K, et al. Effects of SiC particle size and process parameters on the microstructure and hardness of AZ91/SiC composite layer fabricated by FSP. J Mater Eng Perform. 2011;20(9):1554–1562. doi:10.1007/s11665-011-9855-x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faraji G, Asadi P. Characterization of AZ91/alumina nanocomposite produced by FSP. Mater Sci Eng A. 2011;528(6):2431–2440. doi:10.1016/j.msea.2010.11.065
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jamshidijam M, Akbari-Fakhrabadi A, Masoudpanah SM, et al. Wear behavior of multiwalled carbon nanotube/AZ31 composite obtained by friction stir processing. Tribol Trans. 2013;56(5):827–832. doi:10.1080/10402004.2013.804969
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• García-Vázquez F, Vargas-Arista B, Muñiz R, et al. The role of friction stir processing (FSP) parameters on TiC reinforced surface Al7075-T651 aluminum alloy. Soldag e Insp. 2016;21(4):508–516. doi:10.1590/0104-9224/si2104.10
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaira Vignesh R, Padmanaban R, Govindaraju M, et al. Mechanical properties and corrosion behaviour of AZ91D-HAP surface composites fabricated by friction stir processing. Mater Res Express. 2019;6(8). doi:10.1088/2053-1591/ab1ded
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nan X, Bo-Kun G, Yue F, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of a double-pass friction stir processed AZ31B magnesium alloy. Mater Sci Technol (United Kingdom). 2023;39(2):168–176. doi:10.1080/02670836.2022.2105501
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simar A, Mertens A, Ryelandt S, et al. Mean-Field model analysis of deformation and damage in friction stir processed Mg–C composites. Mater Sci Eng A. 2018;723:324–333. doi:10.1016/j.msea.2018.03.043
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rathee S, Maheshwari S, Siddiquee AN, et al. Distribution of reinforcement particles in surface composite fabrication via friction stir processing: suitable strategy. Mater Manuf Process. 2018;33(3):262–269. doi:10.1080/10426914.2017.1303147
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bagheri B, Abbasi M, Abdollahzadeh A, et al. A comparative study between friction stir processing and friction stir vibration processing to develop magnesium surface nanocomposites. Int J Miner Metall. Mater. 2020;27(8):1133–1146. doi:10.1007/s12613-020-1993-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bagheri B, Abdollahzadeh A, Sharifi F, et al. The role of vibration and pass number on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91/SiC composite layer during friction stir processing. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part C J Mech Eng Sci. 2022;236(5):2312–2326. doi:10.1177/09544062211024281
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu ZY, Xiao BL, Wang WG, et al. Singly dispersed carbon nanotube/aluminum composites fabricated by powder metallurgy combined with friction stir processing. Carbon N Y. 2012;50(5):1843–1852. doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2011.12.034
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shahani RA, Clyne TW. Recrystallization in fibrous and particulate metal matrix composites. Mater Sci Eng A. 1991;135(C):281–285. doi:10.1016/0921-5093(91)90576-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choudhary AK, Jain R. Numerical prediction of various defects and their formation mechanism during friction stir welding using coupled eulerian-lagrangian technique. Mech Adv Mater Struct. 2022;30(12):2371–2384. doi:10.1080/15376494.2022.2053911
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdollahzadeh A, Bagheri B, Shamsipur A. Development of Al/Cu/SiC bimetallic nano-composite by friction stir spot welding. Mater Manuf Process. 2022;38(11):1416–1425. doi:10.1080/10426914.2022.2157435
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malik VR, Bajakke PA, Jambagi SC, et al. Investigating mechanical and corrosion behavior of plain and reinforced AA1050 sheets fabricated by friction stir processing. Jom. 2020;72(10):3582–3593. doi:10.1007/s11837-020-04323-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seetharam R, Subbu SK, Davidson MJ, et al. Influence of reinforcement particles on dynamically recrystallized grain of Hot upset sintered Al-B4C composites. J Mater Eng Perform. 2022;31(11):9083–9096. doi:10.1007/s11665-022-06955-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar