- The term “coexistence” perhaps describes the present and the recent past better than the future. During my visit in Czechoslovakia in the summer of 1965 I had frequently heard the expression “normalization” with reference to current domestic and international trends. “Coexistence” seems to imply that the normal state of East-West relations is hostility, or at least insurmountable distinctness, which is only checked by the need for mutual survival during the era of the “balance of terror.” “Normalization,” on the other hand, seems to convey that what went on during the “cold war” was abnormal, and that the present tendencies represent a return to normalcy.
- Cf. e.g., the report of the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the U.S.S.R., A. N. Kosygin, to the September Plenum of the CC of the CPSU, Pravda, September 28, 1965.
- 3 A. Rotstein, “Economic Coexistence: Canada's Trade with the Soviet Bloc,” in A. Rotstein (ed.), The Prospect of Change (Toronto, 1965), 261–3.
- The statistics here may be misleading, since “Russian” in the table of Ethnic Groups is ambiguous. It is not clear whether it refers to prior citizenship or to linguistic origin.
- See, for instance, Richard Lowenthal, “New Turns in Soviet Foreign Policy,” Problems of Communism (Jan.-Feb., 1963); also Arnold Smith as quoted by Terrence Robertson in Maclean'’ (Aug. 21, 1965).
- On the interdependence between the developments in the two blocs see Pierre Hassner “Polycentrism, West and East: East European Implications of the Western Debates,” paper presented to the Fifth International Conference on World Politics held in September, 1965, in Noordwjk, Holland (mimeographed); also my chapter on “The Communist States and the West” in The Communists States at the Crossroads (New York, 1965).
- On the respective political objectives of the western powers in Eastern Europe, see John C. Campbell, American Policy Toward Communist Eastern Europe: The Choices Ahead (Minneapolis, Minnesota, 1965): Zbigniew Brzezinski, Alternative to Partition (New York, 1965), and my Eastern Europe in a Depolarized World (Toronto, 1965).
- On the impact of the relaxation of the East-West tensions in NATO see Charles Burton Marshall, “Détente: Effects on the Alliance” in Arnold Wolfers, Changing East-West Relations and the Unity of the West (Baltimore, Maryland, 1964).
- The study edited by Professor McWhinney on the juridical aspect of East-West détente was sponsored jointly by the University of Toronto and the C.I.I.A. and the study edited by Professor Uren on East-West trade was sponsored by Carleton University and the C.I.I.A. The C.I.I.A. also undertook the publication of Professor Skilling's book on Eastern Europe after Stalin and commissioned my pamphlet on the recent changes in that region.
- See for instance an excellent study on the United States Foreign Policy towards the U.S.S.R. and Eastern Europe, prepared for the Senate's committee on Foreign Relations by a group of scholars from Columbia and Harvard in 1959; or the proceedings of the hearings before the same Committee on the United State'’ trade with the Communist countries in 1964, in which the leading specialists from both the academic and business committees participated.
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