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Canadian Slavonic Papers
Revue Canadienne des Slavistes
Volume 8, 1966 - Issue 1
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The Economic Regionalization of the Soviet Union in the Lenin and Stalin Period

Z. Mieczkowski
Pages 89-124 | Published online: 05 May 2015

  • Iu. G. Saushkin, “Economic Geography in the USSR,” Economic Geography, 38, 1 (Jan., 1962), p. 28.
  • The Tsarist administrative division was aimed at weakening the non-Russian nationalities. Thus, for example, the present-day Tatar ASSR was split into five gubernias: Kazan (55.6 per cent), Ufa (19 per cent), Samara (13.5 per cent), Vyatka (7.8 per cent), Simbirsk (4.1 per cent). The area of the modern Mordovian ASSR was created from parts of four gubernias, Penza (46.2 per cent), Tambov (25.3 per cent), Simbirsk (21 per cent), and Nizhniy Novgorod (7.5 per cent). The Bashkir ASSR, Dagestan ASSR, Komi ASSR, and Mari ASSR were split into three gubernias each. A similar situation could be observed also with respect to the Union republics (Administrativno-territorialnoe deleniye souyuz nykh respublik na 1 marta, Moscow, 1937, p. iii).
  • These were changes of boundaries of gubernias, uyezds, and volosts and disintegration of the old units into new territorial entities.
  • P. M. Alampiev, Ekonomicheskoe rayonirovanie SSSR (Moscow: Gosplanizdat, 1959), p. 62.
  • Ibid., p. 69.
  • Under conditions of continuing change even the gathering of regional statistics was impossible.
  • The All-Russian Central Executive Committee; M. F. Vladimirsky was appointed head of the commission.
  • M. F. Vladimirsky, “Osnovnye polozhenia ustanovleniya granits administra-tivno-khozyaystvennykn rayonov,” Voprosy Ekonotnicheskogo Rayonirovantya SSSR (Moscow: Gospolitizdat, 1957), p. 59.
  • KPSS c rezolutsyakh i reshenyakh syezdov, konferentsyi i plenumov C.K.: I (7th ed., Moscow: Gospolitizdat, 1954), pp. 480–481.
  • Cf. I. A. Gladkov, Voprosy planirovaniya sovetskogo khozyaistva v 1918–1920 (Moscow: Gosudarstvennoe izd-vo, Politicheskoy Literatury, 1951), p. 334.
  • Plan GOELRO (2nd ed., Moscow: Gospolitizdat, 1955), p. 185.
  • In 1922, the authors of the GOELRO plan defined this approach briefly in the following statement: “The idea of economic regionalization has been born directly from the idea of electrification.” “Ekonomicheskoye rayonirovaniye Rossii (Doklad Gosplana III sessii VCIK 9-go sozyva),” Voprosy ekon. rayonirovaniya, p. 109.
  • K istorii plana elektrifikatsii Sovetskoy strany: Sbornik dokumentov t materialov 1918–1920 (Moscow: Gospolitizdat, 1952), p. 143.
  • Ibid., pp. 159–160.
  • Cf. Plan GOELRO, p. 328.
  • G. M. Krzhizhanovsky, Izbrannoye (Moscow, 1957), p. 238.
  • I. G. Aleksandrov, “O rayonirovanii,” Voprosy, p. 93.
  • “Tezisy, vyrabotannye komissiey pri VCIK po voprosy ob ekonomicheskom rayonirovanii Rossii,” Voprosy, pp. 104–105.
  • Later Vladivostok, when the Chita area was incorporated into the Lena-Angara region.
  • Voprosy, pp. 102–108.
  • “Ekonomicheskoye rayonirovaniye Rossii (Doklad Gosplana III sessii VCIK 9-go sozyva),” Voprosy, pp. 109–174.
  • Cf. “Ekonomicheskoe rayonirovanie Sovietskogo Soyuza i dorevolyutsionnoy Rossii (istoriya i teoriya voprosa), Bibliografichesky ukazatel” (Moscow, 1959). “Voprosy ekonomicheskogo rayonirovaniya i razvitiya promyshlennosti otdelnykh rayonov SSSR,” Bibliografiya po voprosam razmeshchenia i rayonirovaniya promyshlennosti SSSR (Moscow: Izd-vo, Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1960).
  • Voprosy, p. 102.
  • I. G. Aleksandrov, “Ekonomicheskoe rayonirovanie Rossii,” Voprosy, pp. 69–70; “Osnovy khozyaystvennogo rayonirovaniya SSSR,” Ibid., pp. 216–217; Alampiev. p. 102.
  • Aleksandrov, Voprosy, p. 71.26 Aleksandrov, p. 107.
  • Aleksandrov, Voprosy, p. 94.
  • Aleksandrov, p. 125.
  • Voprosy, pp. 76–78, 95, 105–108, 189, 224–227, 231, 307.
  • Alampiev, p. 108.
  • Voprosy, p. 120.
  • Alampiev, p. 79.
  • V. V. Kistanov and F. N. Sukhopara, “Perspektivnyy kharakter sovetskogo ekonomicheskogo rayonirovaniya,” Voprosy planirovanitia i razmescheniua pro-myshleimosti (Moscow, 1959), p. 132.
  • Alampiev, pp. 130, 134.
  • Voprosy, p. 70.
  • Voprosy, p. 90.
  • Voprosy, p. 121.
  • M. Alampiev, p. 100
  • Quoted from Alampiev, p. 118.
  • Ibid., p. 98.
  • Voprosy, pp. 122–123.
  • Alampiev, p. 131.
  • Voprosy, pp. 122–123.
  • Alampiev, p. 103.
  • Voprosy, p. 111.
  • Alampiev, pp. 114–115.
  • G. M. Krznizhanovsky, “Voprosy rayonirovaniya,” Voprosy, pp. 100–101.
  • Alampiev, p. 131.
  • Ibid., p. 94.
  • Cf. Ibid., p. 100.
  • Alampiev, p. 99.
  • Ibid.
  • Cf. Aleksandrov, Voprosy, pp. 72–76.
  • Krzhizhanovsky, Voprosy, p. 100.
  • Aleksandrov, Voprosy, p. 76.
  • Aleksandrov, Voprosy, p. 96.
  • Ibid.
  • Aleksandrov, Voprosy, p. 76.
  • In 1925 the Shakhty and Taganrog okrugs were detached from the Ukraine and incorporated into RSFSR as areas with clearcut Russian majorities (Alanipiev, p. 143).
  • Aleksandrov, Voprosy, p. 79.
  • Cf. Alampiev, p. 150.
  • Ibid., pp. 127–131.
  • Ibid., pp. 129–130.
  • Ibid., pp. 132–133.
  • Voprosy, pp. 102–108; Ibid., pp. 109–174.
  • Cf. Aleksandrov, Osnovy khozyaystvennogo rayonirovaniya SSSR (Moscow, 1924), p. 46.
  • Voprosy Geografia 41, p. 238
  • Voprosy, p. 7.
  • Cf. Alampiev, pp. 139–148.
  • What was meant here is illustrated by the following quotation: “… regionalization, which strengthened and brought nearer the organs of the Soviet power to the toilers” (Alampiev, p. 152).
  • I. V. Stalin, Sochmenya, 12, p. 336.
  • Administrativno-territorialnoe delenie Soyuza SS R (izd. 9, Moscow, 1930).
  • Complete collectivization was achieved in 1934.
  • “Rayonnyy razrez plana (Iz pervogo pyatiletnego plana narodnokhozyayst-vennogo stroitelstva SSSR),” Voprosy, pp. 262–303.
  • Cf. Ibid., p. 265.
  • Ibid., p. 267–78.
  • Leningrad was united with Karelia in the Northwest region and the Uzbek SSR with the Turkmen SSR in Middle Asia. Cf. Pyatiletny plan narodnokhozyaystvennogo stroitelstva, III (Moscow, 1930).
  • Vtoroy pyatletny plan razvitiya narodnogo khozyaystva 1933–37 (Moscow: Izd. Gosplana, 1934).
  • KPSS v rezolutsyakh i reshenyakh syezdov, konferentsyi i plenumov C. k.; I (7th. ed., Moscow: Gospolitizdat, 1954), p. 355.
  • Ibid., p. 176.
  • Cf. Alampiev, pp. 174–75.
  • Ibid., pp. 177–78, 180.
  • For discussion on post-Stalin development in Soviet economic regionalization, see Z. Mieczkowski, “The Major Economic Regions of the USSR in the Khrushchev Era,” The Canadian Geographer, IX, 1 (1965), pp. 19–30; and “The 1962–1963 Reforms in Soviet Economic Regionalization” Slavic Review, XXIV, 3 (Sept., 1965), pp. 479–496.
  • I. V. Komar, “The Major Economic Regions of the USSR,” Soviet Geography, 4 (1960), p. 41.
  • Kistanov, Sukhopara, p. 133.
  • V. Kostennikov, Ob ekonomicheskom rayonirovanii SSSR (Moscow: Gospoli-tizdat, 1957), p. 38.
  • N. N. Kolosovskiy, “Voprosy ekonomicheskogo rayonirovaniya SSSR,” Voprosy geografii, 47 (Moscow, 1959), pp. 6–14.
  • Cf. Yu. Saushkin, T. Kalashnikova, “Osnovnye ekonomicheskye rayony SSSR,” Voprosy geografi, 47 (Moscow, 1959), pp. 45–47.
  • The main author, I. G. Alexandrov, since 1921 or the date of its foundation in charge of the economic regionalization sector of Gosplan, by 1924 had already been transferred to a less important position in the Gosplan reconstruction sector where he worked in a more technical capacity as a hydrotechnical engineer. This fact is an additional proof that the Gosplan project was not a success.
  • N. N. Kolosovskiy, Osnovy ekonomicheskogo rayonirovaniya (Moscow, 1958), p. 97.
  • Yu. G. Saushkin, T. M. Kalashnikova, “Sovremennye problemy ekonomiches-kogo rayonirovaniya SSSR,” Materialy k III s'ezdu geograficheskogo obshchestva soyuza SSSR (Leningrad, 1959), p. 5.

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