45
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Case Study: Distribution and Redistribution of Levomepromazine and its Metabolites in a Fatal Poisoning

, , &
Pages 77-88 | Published online: 22 Nov 2013

REFERENCES

  • O'Neill J. and Fountain A. Levomepromazine (Methotrimeprazine) and the last 48 Hours. Hosp Med 1999; 60(8): 564–7.
  • Hals P.A. and Dahl S.G. Metabolism of Levomepromazine in Man. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 1995; 20(1): 60–71.
  • Moffat A.C., Jackson J.V. Moss M.S. and Woddop B. (editors). Clarke's Isolation And Identification of Drugs in Pharmaceuticals, Body Fluids, and Postmortem Materials. 2nd ed. London: Pharmaceutical Press, 1986; 757–758.
  • Baselt R.C. and Cravey R.H. (editors) Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man, 4th ed. California: Chemical Toxicology Institute, 1995; 545–546.
  • Druid H. and Holmgren P. A Compilation of Fatal and Control Concentrations of Drugs in Postmortem Femoral Blood, J.Forensic Sci.1997; 42: 79–87.
  • Stead A.H. and Moffat A.C. A Collection of Therapeutic, Toxic and Fatal Blood Drug Concentrations in Man. Human Toxicol. 1983; 3: 437–64.
  • Uges D.R.A. Therapeutic and Toxic Drug Concentrations, The Bulletin of the International Association of Forensic Toxicologists.1996; 26(1): Supplement.
  • Robertson M.D. and Drummer O.H. Postmortem Drug Metabolism by Bacteria, J Forensic Sci.1995; 40: 382–386.
  • Pounder D.J. Postmortem Drug Redistribution—a Toxicological Nightmare, Forensic Sci. Int. 1990; 35(5): 1572–9.
  • Moriya F. and Hashimoto Y. Redistribution of Basic Drugs Into Cardiac Blood from surrounding Tissues During Early—Stages Postmortem, J. Forensic Sci. 1999; 44: 10–16.
  • Hilberg T., Rogde S. and Morland J. Postmortem Drug Redistribution—Human Cases Related to Results in Experimental Animals, J. Forensic Sci. 1999; 44: 3–9.
  • Shepherd M.F. Postmortem Changes and Pharmacokinetics: Review of the Literature and Case Report. Ann Pharmacother. 1992; 26(40): 510–4.
  • Quatrehomme G., Bourret F., Liao Z. and Oilier A. An Experimental Methodology for the Study of Postmortem Changes in Toxic Concentrations of Drugs, using Secobarbital as an Example, J. Forensic Sci. 1994; 39: 1300–4.
  • Mayer J.M., Kofoed J. and Robinson D.W. Postmortem Changes in Drug Concetrations in the Blood, Proceedings of the 24th International Meeting, The International Association of Forensic Toxicologists, Banff, Alberta, Canada, 1987; 40–47.
  • Causón R. Validation of Chromatographic Methods in Biomedical Analysis. Viewpoint and Discussion, J. Chromatography B. 1997; 689: 175–180.
  • Bressolle F., Bromet-Petit M. and Audran M. Validation of Liquid Chromatographic and Gas Chromatographic Methods. Application to Pharmacokinetics, J. Chromatography B. 1996; 686: 3–10.
  • Loennechen T., Andersen A., Hals P.A. and Dahl S.G. High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Levomepromazine (Methotrimeprazine) and its main Metabolites in Serum and Urine, Ther Drug Monit.1990; 12(6): 574–81.
  • Loennechen T.% and Dahl S.G. High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Levomepromazine (Methotrimeprazine) and its main Metabolites. J Chromatogr 1990; 503(1): 205–15
  • Pawelczyk E. Chemia Leków, PZWL, Warszawa, 1986.
  • Kostowski W. and Puzyński S., Psychofarmakologia Doś wiadczalna i Kliniczna, PZWL, Warszawa, 1980; 198–260.
  • Klys M. and Bujak-Gizycka B., Application of Liquid Chromatography with Mass Detection (LC/MS) in the Evaluation of Drug Metabolism in Fatal Poisoning, Acta Poloniae Toxicologica.2000; 8(2): 187–203.
  • Hilberg T., Morland J. and Bjomeboe A. Postmortem Release of Amitriptyline from the Lungs; Mechanism of Postmortem Drug Redistribution. Forensic Sci Int. 1994; 64(1): 47–55.
  • Robertson M.D. and Drummer O.H. Postmortem Distribution and Redistribution of Nitrobenzodiazepines in Man. J Forensic Sci. 1998; 43(1); 9–13.
  • Langford A.M. and Pounder D.J. Possible Markers for Postmortem Drug Redistribution. J Forensic Sci. 1997; 42(1): 88–92.
  • Jones G.R. Site-Dependent Differences in the Blood Levels of Some Drugs, Proceedings of the 24th International Meeting, the International Association of Forensic Toxicologists. Banff, Alberta, Canada, 1987; 32–39.
  • Jones G.R. and Pounder D.J. Site Dependence of Drug Concentrations in Postmortem Blood- a Case Study. J. Anal. Toxicol. 1987; 11: 184–190.
  • Logan B.K. and Smimow D. Postmortem distribution and redistribution of morphine in man. J Forensic Sci. 1996; 41(2): 221–9.
  • Schmidt C. Investigation of the Postmortem Redistribution of Opiates. Proc West Pharmacol Soc. 1996; 39: 27–8.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.