180
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The use of small Bloodstains in Blood Source Area of Origin Determinations

, &
Pages 133-146 | Published online: 22 Nov 2013

REFERENCES

  • Balthazard V., Piedelievre R., Desoille H., and DeRobert L. Etude des Gouttes de Sang Projecte (Study of Projected Drops of Blood). Ann Med Leg Criminol Police Sci Toxicol. 1939; 19: 265–323.
  • MacDonell H. L. Bloodstain Patterns, 2nd Ed. Corning, NY: Laboratory of Forensic Science, 2005.
  • Laber T. L. and Epstein B. P. Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. Minneapolis, MN: Callan Publishing, 1983.
  • Stephens B.G. and Allen T.B. Backspatter of Blood from Gunshot Wounds—Observations and Experimental Simulation. J. Forensic Sci. 1983; 28(2): 437–439.
  • Eckert W.G. and James S.H. Interpretation of Bloodstain Evidence at Crime Scenes. New York, NY: Elsevier Publishing Co, 1989.
  • Raymond M.A. Crime Scene Reconstruction from Bloodstains. Aust. J. For. Sci. 1997; 29(2): 69–78.
  • Bevel T. Applying the Scientific Method to Crime Scene Reconstruction. J. Forensic Ident. 2001; 51(2): 150–162.
  • Gardner R. M. Defining a Methodology for Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. J. Forensic Ident. 2006; 56(4): 549–557.
  • Bevel T. and Gardner R.M. Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: With an Introduction to Crime Scene Reconstruction, 2nd Ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2002.
  • James S.H., Kish P.E., and Sutton T.P. Principles of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: Theory and Practice. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2005.
  • Raymond M.A., Hall N.M.G., and Jones M.K. Bloodstain Pattern Interpretation. In: Freckelton I. and Selby H. (Eds), Expert Evidence. Sydney NSW: Law Book Company, 2001; 3(8): 7031–7159.
  • Wonder A.Y. Blood Dynamics. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 2001.
  • Sweet M.J. Velocity Measurements of Projected Bloodstains from a Medium Velocity Impact Source. Can. Soc. Forensic. Sci. J. 1993; (26)3: 103–110.
  • Raymond M.A., Smith E.R., and Liesegang J. Oscillating Blood Droplets—Implications for Crime Scene Reconstruction. Science and Justice. 1996; 36(3): 166–171.
  • Josserand C., Lemoyne L., Troeger R., and Zaleski S. Droplet Impact on a Dry Surface: Triggering the Splash with a Small Obstacle. J. Fluid. Mech. 2005; 524: 47–55.
  • Rein M. Phenomena of Liquid Drop Impact on Solid and Liquid Surfaces. Fluid Dyn. Res. 1993; 12: 61–93.
  • Mao T., Kuhn D.C.S., and Tran H. Spread and Rebound of Liquid Droplets upon Impact on Flat Surfaces. Am. Inst. Chem. Eng. J. 1997; 43: 2169–2179.
  • Bennett T. and Poulikakos D. Splat-quench Solidification: Estimating the Maximum Spreading of a Droplet Impacting a Solid Surface. J. Material. Sci. 1993; 28: 963–970.
  • Yarin A.L. Drop Impact Dynamics: Splashing, Spreading, Receding and Bouncing. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 2006; 38: 159–192.
  • Bussman M., Mostaghimi J., and Chandra S. On a Three Dimensional Volume Tracking Model of Droplet Impact. Phys. Fluids. 1999; 11: 1406–17.
  • Bergeron V., Bonns D., Martin J. Y., and Vovelle L. Controlling Droplet Deposition with Polymer Additives. Nature. 2000; 405: 772–775.
  • Huang H. Non-Newtonian Effects on Ink Jet Droplet Formation. NAW. 2005; 5(6): 63–68.
  • Clanet C., Beguin C., Richard D., and Quere D. Maximal Deformation of an Impacting Drop. J. Fluid. Mech. 2004; 517: 199–208.
  • Haller K.K., Poulikakos D., Ventikos Y., and Monkewitz P. Shock Wave Formation in Droplet Impact on a Rigid Surface: Lateral Liquid Motion and Multiple Wave Structure in the Contact Line Region. J. Fluid. Mech. 2003; 490: 1–14.
  • Zhang X. and Basaran O. A. Dynamic Surface Tension in Impact of a Drop with a Solid Surface. J. Colloid. Interface Sci. 1997; 182: 166–178.
  • Mourougou-Candoni N., Prunet-Foch B., Legay F., Vignes-Adler M., and Wong K. Influence of Dynamic Surface Tension on the Spreading of Surfactant Solution Droplets Impacting onto a Low-Surface-Energy Solid Substrate. J. Colloid. Interface Sci. 1997; 192: 129–141.
  • Pizzola P.A., Roth S., and DeForest P. Blood Droplet Dynamics I. J. Forensic Sci. 1986; 31(1): 36–49.
  • Laturnus P. Measurement Survey. IABPA News. 1994; 10(3): 14–27.
  • Raymond M.A. PhD Thesis. La Trobe University, Melbourne, Vic, 1997.
  • Carter A.L. The Directional Analysis of Bloodstain Patterns: Theory and Experimental Validation. Can. Soc. Forensic. Sci. J. 2001; 34(4): 173–189.
  • Reynolds M.E. and Raymond M.A. A preliminary examination of a new bloodstain measurement process: Microsoft® Office Excel 2003 AutoShapes. J. Forensic Ident. 2008; 58(4): 453–468.
  • Carter A.L. The Directional Analysis of Bloodstain Patterns with a Computer. In: James S. H., Kish P. E. and Sutton T.P. Principles of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: Theory and Practice. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2005.
  • Raymond A., Smith E.R., and Liesegang J. The Physical Properties of Blood—Forensic Considerations. Science and Justice. 1996; 36(3): 153–160.
  • Gardner R.M. Deformation Levels in Blood Drops Created by Impact Events. IABPA News. 1997; 13(1): 10–14.
  • Windberger U., Bartholovitsch A., Plasenzotti R., Korak K.J., and Heinze G. Whole Blood Viscosity, Plasma Viscosity and Erythrocyte Aggregation in Nine Mammalian Species: Reference Values and Comparative Data. Exp. Physiol. 2003; 88(3): 431–440.
  • Christman D.V. A Study to Compare and Contrast Animal Blood to Human Blood Product. IABPA News. 1996; 12(2): 10–25.
  • Laurent A., Durussek J.J., Dafaux J., Penhouet L., Bailey A.L., Bonneau M., and Merland J. J. Effect of Contrast Media on Blood Rheology: Comparison in Human, Pig and Sheep. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 1999; 22: 62–66.
  • Hulse-Smith L., Mehdizadeh N.Z., and Chandra S. Deducing Drop Size and Impact Velocity from Circular Bloodstains. J. Forensic Sci. 2005; 50(1): 1–10.
  • Griffin T.J. and Anderson J.W. Out on a Tangent with Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. IABPA News. 1993; 9(1): 3–5.
  • Serway R.A. and Beichner R.J. Physics for Scientists and Engineers, 5th Ed. New York, N.Y: Saunders College Publishing, 2000.
  • Carter A.L. Differentiating High Velocity Blood Spatter Patterns, Expirated Bloodstains and Insect Activity (Letter to the Editor). IABPA News. 2006; 22(4): 34.
  • Chiou P.E., Wu M.C., Moon H., Chang-Jin K., and Toshiyoshi, H. Optical Actuation of Micro-Fluidics Based on Opto-Electrowetting. Presented at: Annual Solid-State Sensor, Actuator and Microsystems Conference, South Carolina, 2002.
  • Fan H. Liquid Droplet Spreading with Line Tension Effect. J. Phys. Condens. Matter. 2006; 18: 4481–4488.
  • Lu H.M. and Jiang Q. Size-Dependent Surface Tension and Tolman's Length of Droplets. Langmuir. 2005; 21: 779–781.
  • Tolman R.C. The Effect of Droplet Size on Surface Tension. J. Chem. Phys. 1949; 17(3): 333–337.
  • Sammarco T.A. and Burns M.A. Thermocapillary Pumping of Discrete Drops in Microfabricated Devices. AIChE. J. 1999; 45(2): 350–366.
  • Pollack M.G., Fair R.B., and Shenderov A.D. Electrowetting-based Actuation of Liquid Droplets for Micro-fluidic Applications. Applied Physics Letters. 2000; 77(11): 1725–1726.
  • Ichimura K., Oh S.K., and Nakagawa M. Light Driven Motion of Liquids on a Photo-responsive Surface. Science. 2000; 2: 1624–1626.
  • Haller K.K., Ventikos Y., and Poulikakos D. Computational Study of High-Speed Liquid Drop Impact. J. Appl. Phys. 2002; 92(5): 2821–2828.
  • Rioboo R., Marengo M., and Tropea C. Time Evolution of Liquid Drop Impact on Solid, Dry Surfaces. Exp Fluids. 2002; 33: 112–124.
  • Harlow F.H. and Shannon J.P. The Splash of a Liquid Drop. J. Appl. Phys. 1967; 38(10): 3855–3866.
  • Bergeron V., Bonn D., Martin J.Y., and Vovelle L. Controlling Droplet Deposition with Polymer Additives. Nature. 2000; 405: 772–775.
  • Huang W., Bhullar R.S., and Fung Y.C. The Surface—Tension—Driven Flow of Blood from a Droplet into a Capillary Tube. J. Biomech. Eng. 2001; 123(5): 446–454.
  • Carter A.L., Forsythe-Erman J., Hawkes V., Illes M., Laturnus P.L., Lefebvre G., Stewart C., and Yamashita, A.B. Validation of the Back™Track Suite of Programs for Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. J. Forensic Ident. 2006; 56(2): 242–254.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.