75
Views
15
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Coal Quality Impacts on Alkali Vapor Emissions from Pressurized Fluidized Bed Coal Combustors

, , , , &
Pages 229-247 | Received 05 Sep 2000, Accepted 15 Feb 2001, Published online: 05 Apr 2007

References

  • Almsiedt , A. E , ( 1987 ), Distribution of the gas flow in fluidized beds with a slugging behavior , Chem. Eng. Sci. , 42 ( 3 ), 581 – 590 .
  • Arena , U. } D'Amore, M., and Massimilla , L. ( 1983 ), Carbon attrition during the fluidized combustion of a coal , AlChE J. , 29 ( 1 ): 40 – 49 .
  • Bonn , B. , Steffin , C. , Wanzl , W. , Gottwald , U. A. , and Monkhouse , P. B. ( 1999 ), The effect of chlorine content and other factors on alkali emissions during PFBC of bituminous coal and lignite , Tenth International Conference on Coal Science. Eds. B. Q. Lee and Z. Y. Liu , Shanxi Sci. & Technol. Press, Taiyuan , China, p. 391 – 394 .
  • Chen , H. L. , Muchmore , C. B. , Wang , L. , and Lin , L. S. ( 1991 ). Kinetics of chlorine release from coal and model compounds during heating in a nitrogen atmosphere , 1991 International Conference on Coal Science. , Butterworth Heineman , p. 989 – 992 .
  • Greger , P. , Hartinger , K. T. , Monkhouse , P. B. , and Wolfrum , J. ( 1996 ), In situ alkali concentration measurements in a pressurized fluidizcd-bed coal combustor by eximer laser induced fragmentation fluorescence. " Twenty-Sixth Symposium (International) on Combustion. , Combustion Institute , p. 3301 – 3307 .
  • Hippinen , I. , Lu , Y. , Laalikainen , J. , Nieminen , M. , and Jahkola , A. ( 1992 ), Gas emissions from the PFB combustion of solid fuels , J Inst. Energy , 65 , 154 – 159 .
  • Huggins , F. E. and Huffman , G. P. ( 1995 ), Chlorine in coal: an XAFS spectroscopic investigation , Fuel. , 74 ( 4 ), 556 – 569 .
  • Hulkkonen . S. , Jahkola , A. , and Kurkela , E. ( 1989 ), The Otaniemi pressurized fluidized bed test facility and research project , Tenth International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. , ASME. p. 233 – 237 .
  • Huggins , F. E. and Huffman , G. P. ( 1995 ). Chlorine in coal: an XAFS spectroscopic investigation , Fuel , 74 ( 4 ), 556 – 569 .
  • Iisa , K. , and Hupa , M. ( 1990 ), Sulfur absorption by limestone at pressurized fluidized bed conditions,| Twenty-Third Symposium, International) on Combustion , Combustion Institute , p. 943 – 948 .
  • Iisa , K. , Tullin , C. , and Hupa , M. ( 1991 ), Simultaneous sulfation and recarbonation of calcined limestone under PFBC conditions , Eleventh International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. , ASME , p. 83 – 90 .
  • Kunii , D. , and Levenspiel , O. ( 1990 ), Fluidized reactor models. 1. For bubbling beds of fine, intermediate, and large particles. 2. For the lean phase: freeboard and fast fluidization. " Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 29 . 1226 – 1234 .
  • Laalikainen , J. , Nieminen , M. , and Hippinen , I. ( 1993 ), Release of sodium and potassium in the PFB combustion of peat and coal. Twelfth International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion , ASME , S p. 1369 – 1374 .
  • Lee , S. H. D. , and Carls , E. L. ( 1989 ), Measurement of alkali vapor concentration in PFBC flue gas , Tenth International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion , ASME , p. 977 – 985 .
  • Lee , S. H. D. , and Carls , E. L. ( 1990 ). Measurement of sodium and potassium vapors in pressurised fluidised-bed combustion of Beulah lignite , J. Inst, of Energy , 63 . 203 – 210 .
  • Lee , S. H. D. , and Myles , K. M. ( 1987 ), Alkali Measurement in PFBC and its control by a granular bed of activated bauxite , Ninth International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion , ASME , p. 793 – 801 .
  • Lee , S. H. D. , Teats , F. G. , Swift , W. M. , and Banerjee , D. D. ( 1992 ), Alkali-vapor emission from PFBC of Illinois coals , Combust. Sci. and Technol. , 86 , 327 – 336 .
  • Lee , S. H. D. , Teats , F. G. , Swift , W. M. , and Banerjee , D. D. ( 1993 ), Measurement of alkali-vapor emission from pressurized fluidized-bed combustion of Illinois coals. Twelfth International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion , ASME , p. 1359 – 1368 .
  • Li , C.-Z. , Riley , K. W. , Kelly . M. D. and Nelson , P. F. ( 1995 ). Fate of metal ions in a brown coal during pyrolysis at low temperatures , Eighth International Conference an Coal Science, Elsevier Science, B. V . p. 683 – 686 .
  • Lim , M.Y. ( 1979 ), Trace Elements from Coal Combustion - Atmospheric Emissions , London , IEA Coal Research. .
  • Ljungstrom , E. , and Langer , V. ( 1989 ), In-bed oxygen measurements in a pressurized fluidized bed combustor. J. Inst, of Energy , 62 ( 3 ), 34 – 39 .
  • Mann . M. D. Capture of alkali during pressurized fluidized bed combustion using in-bed sorbents. Ph. D. Dissertation , University of North Dakota, School of Engineering. ( 1997 ) .
  • Mann , M. D. , Swanson , M. L. , and Yagla , S. L. ( 1995 ), Characterization of alkali and sulfur sorbents for pressurized fluidized bed combustion , Thirteenth International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion , ASME , p. 333 – 340 .
  • Muchmore , C. B. , Chen , H. L. Hesketh , H. E. , Wang , L. , Hughes , A. , Ambrose . R. , and Viswanath . D. S. ( 1993 ), Chlorine removal from coal by pre-combustion thermal treatment. Seventh Inter national Conference on Coal Science , p. 7 – 10 .
  • Niksa . S. ( 1995 ), Predicting the devolatilization behavior of any coal from its ultimate analysis. Combust. Flame , 100 , 384 – 394 .
  • Niksa , S. ( 1996 ), FLASHCHAIN theory for rapid coal devolatilization kinetics. 7. Predicting the release of oxygen species from various coals. , Energy Fuels , 10 , 173 – 187 .
  • Punjak , W. A. , and Shadman , F. ( 1988 ). Aluminosilicale sorbents for control of alkali vapors during combustion and gasification , Energy Fuels 2 . 702 – 708 .
  • Punjak , W. A. Uberoi , M. , and Shadman , F. ( 1989 ), High temperature adsorption of alkali vapors on solid sorbents , AlChE J. , 35 ( 7 ), 1186 – 1194 .
  • Seleuk , N. , Deirmenci , E. , and Oymak , O. ( 1997 ), Evaluation of an improved code for the performance of AFBCs , J. Inst, of Energy , 70 : 31 – 50 .
  • Uberoi , M. , Punjak . W, A. , and Shadman , F. ( 1990 ), The kinetics and mechanisms of alkali removal from flue gases by solid sorbents , Progress in Energy and Combustion Science. , 16 ( 4 ), 205 – 211 .
  • Yrjas . K. P. lisa . K. , and Hupa , M. ( 1993 ). Sulfur absorption capacity of different limestones and dolomites under pressurized combustion conditions , Twelfth International Conference on Fluid-ized Bed Combustion , ASME , p. 265 – 271 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.