INCREASE ON INCINERATION CAPACITY AND NO_X CONTROL FOR AIR ENRICHMENT IN THE EXPERIMENTAL SIMULATION OF AQUEOUS RESIDUE INCINERATION

REFERENCES

• Ballester , J. M. and Dopazo , C. 1994 . Experimental study of the influence of atomization characteristic on combustion of heavy oil . Combust. Sci. Technol. , 103 : 235 – 263 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baukal , C. E. Jr. 1998 . “ Pollutant emissions ” . In Oxygen-Enriched Combustion , Edited by: Baukal , C. E. Jr. pp. 45 – 72 . Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bonner , T. A. , Cornett , C. L. , Desai , B. O. , Fullerkamp , J. M. , Hughes , T. W. , Johnson , M. L. , Kennedy , E. D. , McCormick , R. J. , Peters , J. A. and Zanders , D. L. 1981 . Handbook of Hazardous Waste Incineration , Dayton, OH : Monsanto Research Corporation . Chap. 2
   Google Scholar
• Brunner , C. R. 1991 . Handbook of Incineration Systems , New York : McGraw-Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Cunha , R. P. 2001 . Modelling of an Aqueous Residue Incinerator Using Detailed Chemical Kinetics , Brazil : Universidade Estadual Paulista . M.S. Thesis, in Portuguese
   Google Scholar
• Dempsey , C. R. and Oppelt , E. T. 1993 . Incineration of hazardous waste, a critical review update . J. Air Waste Manage. , 43 : 25 – 73 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farrell , L. M. , Pavlack , T. T. , Selines , R. J. and Rich , L. 1996 . Environmental benefits available through oxyfuel heating burners . Steel Times , 224 : 259
   Google Scholar
• Fenimore , C. P. 1976 . Reactions of fuel-nitrogen in the rich flame gases . Combust. Flame , 26 : 249
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flamme , M. and Kremer , H. 1993 . “ Reduction of the NOx Output from Industrial Burners Firing a Mixture of Fuel Gas and Combustion Air Enriched and Oxygen ” . In Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Combustion Technologies for a Clean Environment 1 – 7 . Lisbon
   Google Scholar
• Franke , H. and Hatami , R. 1991 . Oxygen Improves the Incineration of Hazardous Waste , Messer Griesheim Industries Inc. . Publication 90.5698/16e, Reprint from Focus on Gas 8
   Google Scholar
• Gitman , G. 1986 . “ Pyretron, a Variable Gas/Oxygen/Air Combustion System ” . In Proceedings of the Industrial Combustion Technology Symposium pp. 171 – 178 . Chicago, IL
   Google Scholar
• Griffith , C. R. 1990 . “ Diverse Experience Using Oxygen Systems in Waste Incineration ” . In Fourth Annual National Symposium on Incineration of Industrial Wastes Houston, TX
   Google Scholar
• Gurjão , J. W. B. 1993 . “ Enrichment of Combustion Air with Oxygen in Incineration of Health Service Residues ” . In Proceedings of the XII International Seminar on Hospital Solid Residues pp. 204 – 213 . Cascavel, , Brazil in Portuguese
   Google Scholar
• Hansen , E. R. , Leger , C. B. and Ho , M. D. 1994 . “ Theory and Practices with Oxygen Enrichment in a Cement Firing Waste Derived Fuels ” . In 1994 Incineration Conference Houston, TX
   Google Scholar
• Haynes , B. S. 1977 . The oxidation of hydrogen cyanide in fuel-rich flames . Combust. Flame , 28 : 113
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lacava , P. T. and Carvalho , J. A. 1996 . “ Thermal and Economical Analysis of Incinerators Operating with Oxygen Enriched Flames ” . In Proceedings of the VI Seminar of Industrial Engineering pp. 63 – 78 . Bananal, Brazil in Portuguese
   Google Scholar
• Lacava , P. T. , Pimenta , A. P. , Veras , C. A. V. and Carvalho , J. A. 1999 . Theoretical analysis of aqueous residues incineration with oxygen enriched flames . Int. Comm. Heat Mass Trans. , 26 : 1029 – 1040 .
   Google Scholar
• Lemieux , P. M. , Linak , W. P. , McSorley , J. A. , Wendt , J. O. L. and Dunn , J. E. 1990 . Minimization of transient emissions from rotary kiln incinerators . Combust. Sci. Technol. , 74 : 311 – 325 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyons , V. J. 1982 . Fuel/air nonuniformity—Effect on nitric oxide emissions . AIAA J. , 20 : 660 – 665 .
   Google Scholar
• Martins , C. A. , Carvalho , J. A. , Ferreira , M. A. and Veras , C. A. G. 1999 . “ An Experimental Investigation of NOx Formation in a Rijke Type Pulse Combustor ” . In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Combustion Technologies for a Clean Environment Lisbon
   Google Scholar
• Melo , G. F. , Lacava , P. T. and Carvalho , J. A. 1998 . A case study of air enrichment in rotary kiln incineration . Int. Comm. Heat Mass Transf. , 25 : 681 – 692 .
   Google Scholar
• Miller , J. A. and Bowman , C. T. 1989 . Mechanism and modeling of nitrogen chemistry in combustion . Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. , 15 : 287 – 338 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller , J. A. , Branch , M. C. and Kee , R. J. 1981 . A chemical kinetic model for the selective reduction of nitric oxide by ammonia . Combust. Flame , 43 : 81
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mullinger , P. and Chigier , N. A. 1974 . The design and performance of internal mixing multijet twin fluid atomizers . J. Inst. Fuel , 47 : 251 – 261 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pfefferle , L. D. and Churchill , S. W. 1986 . NOx production from the combustion of ethane doped with ammonia in a thermally stabilized plug flow burner . Combust. Sci. Technol. , 49 : 235 – 249 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rink , K. K. and Lefebvre , A. H. 1989 . The influences of fuel composition and spray characteristics on nitric oxide formation . Combust. Sci. Technol. , 68 : 1 – 14 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seita , S. 1996 . VOC emissions—Hazards and techniques control . Chem. Eng. World , 31 : 43 – 47 .
   Google Scholar
• Shahani , G. H. , Bucci , D. , de Vincentis , D. , Goff , S. and Mucher , M. B. 1994 . “ Intensify waste combustion with oxygen enrichment ” . In Chemical Engineering , New York : McGraw-Hill . Reprinted from
   Google Scholar
• Shahani , G. H. , Gunardson , H. H. and Easterbrook , N. C. 1996 . Consider oxygen for hydrocarbon oxidation . Chem. Eng. Prog. , 92 : 66 – 71 .
   Google Scholar
• Souza , F. D. A. , Vergnhanini , R. and Kobayashi , W. T. 1995 . “ NOx emission rates from oxyfuel oil flames ” . In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Combustion Technologies for a Clean Environment vol. I , 16 – 27 . Lisbon, , Portugal
   Google Scholar
• Spliethoff , H. , Greul , U. , Rudiger , H. and Hein , K. R. G. 1996 . Basic effects on NOx emissions in air staging and reburning at a bench-scale test facility . Fuel , 75 : 560 – 564 .
   Google Scholar
• Strauss , W. S. , Lukens , J. A. , Young , F. K. and Bingham , F. B. 1–4 May 1988 . “ Oxygen enrichment of combustion air in a 360 TPD mass burn refuse-fired waterwall furnace ” . In Proceedings of the 1988 National Waste Processing Conference, 13th Bi-Annual Conference 1–4 May , 315 Philadelphia, PA
   Google Scholar
• Syska , A. 1993 . “ Low NOx staged air recirculation burner undergoing field trials after excellence test performance ” . In Ind. Heating 40 – 43 .
   Google Scholar
• Turns , S. R. 1996 . An Introduction to Combustion, Concepts and Applications , New York : McGraw-Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Wall , T. F. 1987 . “ The combustion of coal as pulverized fuel through swirl burners ” . In Principles of combustion Engineering for Boilers , Edited by: Lawn , C. J. pp. 197 – 335 . Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Westbrook , C. K. 1986 . “ Computation of adiabatic flame temperature and other thermodynamic quantities ” . In Proceedings of the Industrial Combustion Technologies Symposium pp. 143 – 150 . Chicago, IL
   Google Scholar
• Westbrook , C. K. and Dryer , F. L. 1984 . Chemical kinetic modeling of hydrocarbon combustion . Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. , 10 : 1 – 57 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood , S. C. 1994 . NOx control . Chem. Eng. Prog. , 90 : 31 – 38 .
   Google Scholar