EFFECT OF SWIRL ON PERFORMANCE OF FOAM POROUS MEDIUM BURNERS

REFERENCES

• Andrews , G.E. and Bradley , D. ( 1973 ) Limits of flammability and natural convection for Methane-Air Mixtures . Proc. Combust. Instit. , 14 , 1119 .
   Google Scholar
• Bouma , P.H. , Somers , L.M. , Goey , L.P. , and Nieuwenhuizen , J.K. (1995) Modeling of methane-air combustion on ceramic foam surface burners in the radiation mode. Heat Technol. , 13(2), 127. [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Breen , B.P. , Bell , A.W. , and Volo , N.B.D. ( 1971 ) Combustion control for elimination of nitric oxide emissions from fossil-fuel power plants . Proc. Combust. Instit. , 13 , 391 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Chaffin , C. , Koenig , M. , Koeroghlian , M. , Matthews , R.D. , Hall , M.J. , Nichols , S.P. , and Lim , I.-G. ( 1991 ) Experimental investigation of premixed combustion within highly porous media . ASME/JSME Ther. Eng. Proc. Japan. Soc. Mech. Eng. , 4 , 219 – 224 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Chen , Z.H. and Sohrab , S.H. ( 1995 ) Brief communication: flammability limit and limit-temperature of counterflow lean methane-air flames . Combust. Flame , 102 , 193 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark , T.P. ( 1993 ) Studies of OH, CH, and C₂ radiation from laminar and turbulent propane-air and ethylene-air flames , NACA TN 4266 , pp. 1 – 23 .
   Google Scholar
• Dwyer , H. and Hasegawa , T. ( 2002 ) Some flows associated with premixed laminar flame propagating in a rotating tube flow . Proc. Combust. Instit. , 29 , 1471 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Echigo , R. , Ichimiya , K. , Kurusu , M. , and Yoshizawa , Y. ( 1983 ) Combustion augmentation of extremely low calorific gases: application of the effective energy conversion method from gas enthalpy to thermal radiation. Proceedings of ASME-JSME Thermal Engineering Joint Conference . Japan. Soc. Mech. Eng. , 4 , 99 – 104 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Ellzey , J.L. and Goel , R. ( 1995 ) Emissions of CO and NO from a two stage porous media . Combust. Sci. Technol. , 107 , 81 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fu , X. ( 1997 ) Modeling of a Submerged Flame Porous Burner/Radiant Heater , Ph.D. thesis , Purdue University .
   Google Scholar
• Golombok , M. and Shirvill , L.C. ( 1990 ) Radiation Characteristics of Surface Combustion Burners, Eurotherm Seminar No. 17 , Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago , USA , pp. 7 – 13 .
   Google Scholar
• Hall , M.J. and Hiatt , J.P. ( 1994 ) Exit flows from highly porous media . Phys. Fluids J. , 6 ( 2 ), 469 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Harrison , T.R. ( 1960 ) Radiation Pyrometry and its Underlying Principles of Radiant Heat Transfer, , 1st ed. , John Wiley and Sons, Inc. , Chap. 2 , p. 61 .
   Google Scholar
• Hashimoto , T. , Yamasaki , S. , and Takeno , T. ( 1981 ) An Excess Enthalpy Flame Stabilized in Ceramic Tubes, Flames, Lasers and Reactive Systems, Eighth International Colloquium on Gas Dynamics , Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , USA , pp. 57 – 77 .
   Google Scholar
• Hayhurst , A.N. and Vince , I.M. ( 1980 ) Nitric oxide formation from N2 in flames: The importance of prompt NO . Prog. Ener. Combust. Sci. , 6 , 35 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiatt , J.P. and Hall , M.J. (1994) Pore Scale Turbulence in Porous Ceramic Burners, Combustion Fundamentals and Applications: Central States Section Meeting of the Combustion Institute, The Boeing Company , Rocketdyne and Propulsion Power , USA, pp. 49–54.
   Google Scholar
• Holman , J.P. ( 1989 ) Experimental Methods for Engineers, , 3rd ed. , McGraw-Hill Company , New York , Chap. 2 , p. 41 .
   Google Scholar
• Howell , J.R. , Hall , M.J. and Ellzey , J.L. ( 1996 ) Combustion of hydrocarbon fuels within porous inert media . Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. , 22 , 121 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsu , P.-F. , Howell , J.R. , and Matthews , R.D. ( 1991 ) A numerical investigation of premixed combustion within porous inert media . ASME/JSME Ther. Eng. Proc. Japan. Soc. Mech. Eng. , 4 , 225 – 231 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Hsu , P.-F. , Evans , W.D. , and Howell , J.R. ( 1993 ) Experimental and numerical study of premixed combustion within non-homogeneous porous ceramics . Combust. Sci. Technol. , 90 , 149 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsu , P.-F. and Matthews , R.D. ( 1993 ) The necessity of using detailed kinetics in models for premixed combustion within porous media . Combust. Flame , 93 , 457 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hustad , J.E. and S⊘nju , O.K. ( 1988 ) Experimental studies of lower flammability limits of gases and mixture of gases at elevated temperatures . Combust. Flame , 71 , 283 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Kamal , M.M. and Mohamad , M.M. ( 2005 ) Development of a cylindrical porous medium burner . J. Porous Media , Accepted paper . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Kaviany , M. and Oliveira , A.A. ( 2000 ) Length scales and innovative use of non-equilibria in combustion in porous media , Proceedings of Symposium on Energy Engineering in the 21st Century , Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , China , pp. 32 – 56 .
   Google Scholar
• Kawamura , T. , Asato , K. , and Hayashi , T. ( 1983 ) Combustion of extra lean gaseous fuels by a burner with a heat exchanger . Proc. ASME-JSME Ther. Eng. Joint Conf. Japan. Soc. Mech. Eng. , 4 , 93 – 98 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Keller , J.O. , Bramlette , T.T. , Barr , P.K. , and Alvarez , J.R. ( 1994 ) NOx and CO emissions from a pulse combustor operating in a lean premixed mode . Combust. Flame , 99 , 460 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kojima , J. , Ikeda , Y. , and Nakajima , T. ( 2000 ) Spatially resolved measurement of OH, CH, and C2 chemilumenscence in the reaction zone of laminar methane/air premixed flames . Proc. Combust. Instit. , 28 , 1757 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kotani , Y. and Takeno , T. ( 1982 ) An experimental study on stability and combustion characteristics of an excess enthalpy flame . Proc. Combust. Instit. , 19 , 1503 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Kotani , Y. , Behbahani , H.F. , and Takeno , T. ( 1984a ) An excess enthalpy flame combustor for extended flow ranges . Proc. Combust. Instit. , 20 , 2025 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Kotani , Y. , Behbahani , H.F. , and Takeno , T. ( 1984b ) An experimental study on stability and combustion characteristics of an excess enthalpy flame . Proc. Combust. Instit. , 20 , 2025 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Kulkarni , M.R. , Chavali , K.P. , and Peck , R.E. (1992) Emission characteristics of radiant surface burners, 1992 Fall Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, The Boeing Company, Rocketdyne and Propulsion Power , USA, pp. 1–21.
   Google Scholar
• Kulkarni , M.R. and Peck , R.E. ( 1992 ) Analysis of a bilayered porous radiant burner , Fall Meeting of the Western States Section of the Combustion Institute, The Boeing Company , Rocketdyne and Propulsion Power , USA , pp. 1 – 25 .
   Google Scholar
• Lefebvre , A.H. ( 1983 ) Gas Turbine Combustion, , 1st ed. , McGraw Hill Company , New York , Chap. 3 , p. 129 .
   Google Scholar
• Lim , I.-G. and Matthews , R.D. ( 1993 ) A model for turbulent premixed combustion within porous inert media . Emerg. Energy Tech., ASME PD , 50 , 85 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• McCarthy , T.A. ( 1989 ) Measurements of infrared radiative transfer for porous ceramic materials , M.Sc thesis , University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign .
   Google Scholar
• Min , D.K. and Shin , H.D. ( 1991 ) Laminar premixed flame stabilized inside a honeycomb ceramic . Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer , 34 ( 2 ), 341 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mital , R. , Gore , J.P. , and Viskanta , R. ( 1997 ) A study of the structure of submerged reaction zone in porous ceramic radiant burners . Combust. Flame , 111 , 175 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohamad , A.A. ( 2003 ) Fundamentals of combustion in porous burners , proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Porous Media , Ovidius University Press , Romania , pp. 348 – 357 .
   Google Scholar
• Pickenäcker , O. , Kesting , A. , and Trimis , D. ( 2000 ) Novel low NOx burner designs for boilers and furnaces by using staged combustion in inert porous media , 5th European Conference on Industrial Furnaces and Boilers (INFUB5) , Session: Burners, Combustion and Basic Heat Transfer , vol. 1 , Fraunhofer Institute , Germany , pp. 1 – 12 .
   Google Scholar
• Pickenäcker , O. , Pickenäcker , K. , Wawrzinek , K. , Trimis , D. , Pritzkow , W.E.C. , Müller , C. , Goedtke , P. , Papenburg , U. , Adler , J. , Standke , G. , Heymer , H. , Tauscher , W. , and Jansen , F. ( 1999 ) Innovative ceramic materials for porous medium burners . Interceram , 48 ( 5&6 ), 2 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Sakai , Y. and Ishizuka , S. ( 1996 ) The phenomena of flame propagation in a rotating tube . Proc. Combust. Instit. , 26 , 847 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Sathe , S.B. , Peck , R.E. , and Tong , T.W. ( 1990 ) A numerical analysis of heat transfer and combustion in porous radiant burners . Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer , 33 ( 6 ), 1331 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato , K. , Hase , K. , and Takeno , T. ( 1983 ) A further experimental study on the excess enthalpy flame . Transact. Japanese Soci. Aeron. Space Sci. , 26 , 65 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Sheu , W.J. , Sohrab , S.H. , and Sivashinsky , G.I. ( 1990 ) Effect of rotation on Bunsen flame . Combust. Flame , 79 , 190 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Siegel , R. and Howell , J.R. ( 1972 ) Thermal Radiation Heat Transfer , McGraw-Hill Company , Chap. 9 , pp. 662 – 665 .
   Google Scholar
• Singh , S. , Ziolkowski , M. , Sultzbaugh , J. , and Viskanta , R. (1991) Mathematical model of a ceramic radiant heater. Foss. Fuel Combust., ASME PD , 33, 111. [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Sivashinsky , G.I. , Rakib , Z. , Matalon , M. , and Sohrab , S.H. ( 1988 ) Flame propagation in a rotating gas . Combust. Sci. Technol. , 57 , 37 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smoot , L.D. , Hecker , W.C. , and Williams , G.A. ( 1976 ) Prediction of propagating methane-air flames . Combust. Flame , 26 , 323 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Speyer , R.F. , Lin , W.-Y. , and Agarwal , G. ( 1996 ) Radiant efficiencies and performance considerations of commercially manufactured gas radiant burners . Exp. Heat Transfer J. , 9 , 213 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sullivan , J.D. and Kendall , R.M. ( 1992 ) Thermal performance and NOx emissions from porous surface radiant burners , International Gas Research Conference , Gas Technology Institute , Canada , pp. 1626 – 1634 .
   Google Scholar
• Takeno , T. and Hase , K. ( 1983 ) Effects of solid length and heat loss on excess enthalpy flame . Combust. Sci. Technol. , 31 , 207 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tong , T.W. and Li , W.J. ( 1995 ) Enhancement of thermal emission from porous radiant burners . Quant. Spect. Rad. Transfer , 53 ( 2 ), 235 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Tong , T.W. , Lin , W.-Q. , and Peck , R.E. ( 1987 ) Radiative heat transfer in porous media with spatially dependent heat generation . ASME HTD , 81 , 43 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Trimis , D. ( 2000 ) Stabilized combustion in porous media-applications of the porous burner technology in energy- and heat engineering , AIAA 2000–2298, Fluids 2000 Conference and Exhibit , Stanford University , Stanford , USA , pp. 1 – 11 .
   Google Scholar
• Viskanta , R. and Gore , J.P. ( 1997 ) Overview of cellular ceramics based porous radiant burners for supporting combustion , Fourth International Conference on Technologies and combustion for a clean environment , Thammas University , Thailand , pp. 1 – 11 .
   Google Scholar
• Weinberg , F.J. ( 1971 ) Combustion temperatures: The future . Nature , 233 , 239 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu , G.-Y. , Hsu , K.-C. , Hwang , K.-J. , Han , H.-W. , and Wang , M.-R. ( 1991 ) Effects of the swirl number of the spray flame in a swirl stabilized can combustor . Chinese Soc. Mech. Eng. , 112 ( 1 ), 21 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Xiong , T.-Y. and Viskanta , R. ( 1992 ) A basic study of a porous-matrix combustor heater . Foss. Fuel Combust., ASME , 39 , 31 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Yoshizawa , Y. , Sasaki , K. , and Echigo , R. ( 1988 ) Analytical study of the structure of radiation controlled flame . Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer , 31 ( 2 ), 311 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhdanok , S.A. , Dobrego , K.V. , and Futko , S.I. ( 1998 ) Flame localization inside axis-symmetric cylindrical and spherical porous media burners . Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer , 41 , 3647 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou , X.Y. and Pereira , J.C. ( 1997 ) Numerical study of combustion and pollutants formation in inert non-homogeneous porous media , 4th International Conference on Combustion Technologies for a Clean Environment , Thammas University , Thailand , vol. 2 , No. 28.2 , pp. 5 – 13 .
   Google Scholar