REFERENCES
- Arij , I.B. ( 2004 ) Dynamics of thermal particle conversion with application to biomass conversion in a circulating fluidized bed . PhD Thesis , Technische Universiteit Eindhoven .
- Bilbao , R. , Mastral , J. , Aldea , M. , and Ceamanos , J. ( 2001 ) Experimental and theoretical study of the ignition and smoldering of wood including convective effects . Combust. Flame , 126 , 1363 .
- Di Blasi , C. ( 1997 ) Influences of physical properties on biomass devolatilisation characteristics . Fuel , 76 , 957 .
- Di Blasi , C. and Russo , G. (1994) Modeling of transport phenomena and kinetics of biomass pyrolysis. In Bridgwater , A.V. (Ed.) Advances in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion , Blackie Academic and Professional , London, Vol. 2, pp. 906–921.
- Eisenstat , S.C. , Gursky , M.C. , Schultz , M.H. , and Sherman , A.H. ( 1982 ) The Yale sparse matrix package, the symmetric codes . Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. 18 , 1145 .
- Fredlund , B. ( 1993 ) Modelling of heat and mass transfer in wood structures during fire . Fire Safety J. 20 , 39 .
- Ghabi , C. , Ben Ticha , H. , and Sassi , M. ( 2006 ) Modeling and simulation of olive waste pyrolysis (French) . Afrique SCIENCE , 2 , 142 .
- Ghabi , C. , Ben Ticha , H. , and Sassi , M. ( 2007 ) Computational modeling and simulation of forward-smoldering of porous media in a fixed bed . Prog. Comput. Fluid Dynam. Inter. J. 7 , 283 .
- Ghoshdastidar , P.S. ( 1998 ) Computer Simulation of Flow and Heat Transfer , Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited , New Delhi .
- Glaister , D.S. ( 1987 ) The prediction of chemical kinetic, heat and mass transfer processes during the one- and two-dimension pyrolysis of a large wood pellet . Master thesis , University of Washington .
- Gronli , M.G. ( 1996 ) A theoretical and experimental study of the thermal degradation of biomass . PhD Thesis , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim Norway .
- Gronli , M.G. and Melaaen , M.C. ( 2000 ) Mathematical model for wood pyrolysis comparison of experimental measurements with model predictions . Energy Fuels , 14 , 791 .
- Incroprera , F.P. and DeWitt , D.P. ( 1990 ) Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transferx, , 3rd ed. , John Wiley and Sons Inc.
- Jalan , R.K. and Srivastava , V.K. ( 1999 ) Studies on pyrolysis of a single biomass cylindrical pellet-kinetic and heat transfer effects . Energy Convers. Manage . 40 , 467 .
- Janse , A.C.M. , Westerhout , R.W.J. , and Prins , W. ( 2000 ) Modelling of ash pyrolysis of a single wood particle . Chem. Eng. Process. , 39 , 239 .
- Jenkins , B.M. , Baxter , L.L. , and Miles , T.R. ( 1998 ) Combustion properties of biomass . Fuel Process. Technol. , 54 , 17 .
- Kansa , E.J. , Perlee , H.E. , and Chaiken , R.F. ( 1977 ) Mathematical model of wood pyrolysis including internal forced convection . Combust. Flame , 29 , 311 .
- Kersten , S. ( 2002 ) Biomass gasification in circulating fluidized beds. PhD Thesis , University of Twente , Enschede .
- Koufopanos , C.A. , Maschio , G. , and Lucchesi , A. ( 1989 ) Maschio and A. Lucchesi, ‘Kinetics study on biomass pyrolysis for fuel gas production.' Can. J. Chem. Eng. , 67 , 75 .
- Koufopanos , C.A. , Papayannakos , N. , Maschio , G. , and Lucchesi , A. ( 1991 ) Modelling of the pyrolysis of biomass particles studies on kinetics thermal and heat transfer effects . Can. J. Chem. Eng. , 69 , 907 .
- Larfeldt , J. , Leckner , B. , and Melaaen , M.C. ( 2000a ) Modelling and measurements of heat transfer in charcoal from pyrolysis of large wood particles . Biomass Bioenergy , 18 , 507 .
- Larfeldt , J. , Leckner , B. , and Melaaen , M.C. ( 2000b ) Modelling and measurements of the pyrolysis of large wood particles . Fuel , 79 , 1637 .
- Melaaen , M.C. ( 1996 ) Numerical analysis of heat and mass transfer in drying and pyrolysis of porous media . Numer. Heat Transfer Pt. A , 29 , 331 .
- Miller , R.S. and Bellan , J. ( 1996 ) Analysis of reaction products and conversion time in the pyrolysis of cellulose and wood particles . Combust. Sci. Technol. , 119 , 331 .
- Miyanami , K. , Fan , L. , and Walawender , W.P. ( 1977 ). A mathematical model for pyrolysis of a solid particle effects of the heat of reaction . Can. J. Chem. Eng. , 55 , 317 .
- Pyle , D.L. and Zaror , C.A. ( 1984 ) Heat transfer and kinetics in the low temperature pyrolysis of solids . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 39 , 147 .
- Raveendran , K. , Ganesh , A. , and Khilart , K.C. (1995) Influence of mineral matter on biomass pyrolysis characteristics. Fuel , 74, 1812.
- Saastamoinen , J. and Haukka , P. ( 1998 ) Simultaneous drying and pyrolysis in fixed bed combustion of wet biomass . Proceedings of the 11th International Drying Symposium, IDS'98 , Thessaloniki , Haldiki , Greece . Vol. C , pp. 1975 .
- Shafizadeh , F. ( 1982 ) Introduction to pyrolysis of biomass . J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol. , 4 , 283 .
- Siek , J. ( 1999 ) A Modern framework for portable high performance numerical linear algebra . PhD Thesis , University of Notre Dame , Indiana .
- Stull , D.R. and Prophet , H. ( 1971 ) JANAF Thermochemical Tables, 2nd ed., NSRDS-NBS 37 , US Government Printing Office , Washington , DC.
- TenWolde , A. , McNatt , J.D. , and Krahn , L. ( 1988 ) Thermal properties of wood and wood panel products for use in buildings . Rep. no DOE/USDA-21697/1 ORNL/Sub/87-21697/1 US Dep. Energy Conservation and Renewable Energy .
- Thurner , F. and Mann , U. ( 1981 ) Kinetic investigation of wood pyrolysis . Ind. Eng. Chem. Procs. Des. Dev. , 20 , 482 .
- Van Der Vorst , H.A. ( 1992 ) Lecture notes on iterative methods . PhD Thesis , Mathematical Institute University of Utrecht Netherlands .
- Versteeg , H.K. and Malalasekera , W. ( 1996 ) An Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics; The Finite Volume Method , Longman Scientific and Technical, Harlow, Essex .
- Wagenaar , B.M. ( 1994 ) The rotating cone reactor: for rapid thermal solids processing. PhD Thesis , University of Twente , Enschede .
- Wakao , N. and Kaguei , S. ( 1982 ) Heat and Mass Transfer in Packed Beds , New York , Gordon and Breach Science Publishers .
- Winterberg , M. and Tsotsas , E. ( 2000 ) Modelling of heat transport in beds packed with spherical particles for various bed geometries and/or thermal boundary conditions . Int. J. Therm. Sci. , 39 , 556 .
- Zanzi , R. , Sjöström , K. , and Björnbom , E. ( 2002 ) Rapid pyrolysis of agricultural residues at high temperatures . Biomass Bionergy , 23 , 357 .