Universal Flame Propagation Behavior in Packed Bed of Biomass

REFERENCES

• Collazo , J. , Porteiro , J. , Patiño , D. , and Granada , E. 2012 . Numerical modeling of the combustion of densified wood under fixed-bed conditions . Fuel , 93 , 149 – 159 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper , J. , and Hallett , W. 2000 . A numerical model for packed-bed combustion of char particles . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 55 ( 20 ), 4451 – 4460 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dasappa , S. , Sridhar , H.V. , Sridhar , G. , Paul , P.J. , and Mukunda , H.S. 2003 . Biomass gasification—a substitute to fossil fuel for heat application . Biomass Bioenergy , 25 ( 6 ), 637 – 649 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dosanjh , S.S. , Pagni , P.J. , and Fernandez-Pello , C. 1987 . Forced cocurrent smoldering combustion . Combust. Flame , 68 , 131 – 142 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fatehi , M. , and Kaviany , M. 1994. Adiabatic reverse combustion in a packed bed. Combust. Flame , 99, 1–17.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gnanendra , P. , Ramesha , D. , and Dasappa , S. 2012 . Preliminary investigation on the use of biogas sludge for gasification . Int. J. Sustainable Energy , 31 ( 4 ), 251 – 267 .
   Google Scholar
• Gort , R. 1995 . On the propagation of a reaction front in a packed bed: thermal conversion of municipal waste and biomass. PhD thesis , University of Twente .
   Google Scholar
• Gort , R. , and Brouwers , J.J.H. 2001 . Theoretical analysis of the propagation of a reaction front in a packed bed . Combust. Flame , 124 , 1 – 13 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horttanainen , M. , Saastamoinen , J. , and Sarkomaa , P. 2002 . Operational limits of ignition front propagation against airflow in packed beds of different wood fuels . Energy Fuels , 16 , 676 – 686 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johansson , R. , Thunman , H. , and Leckner , B. 2007 . Influence of intraparticle gradients in modeling of fixed bed combustion . Combust. Flame , 149 , 49 – 62 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• La Fontaine , H. , and Reed , T. 1993 . An inverted downdraft wood-gas stove and charcoal producer . In Klass , D. (Ed.) Energy from Biomass and Wastes , volume XV , Institute of Gas Technology, Chicago .
   Google Scholar
• Mukunda , H.S. , Basani , J. , Shravan , H.M. , and Philip , B. 2007 . Smoldering combustion of “incense” sticks, experiments and modeling . Combust. Sci. Technol. , 179 , 1113 – 1129 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mukunda , H.S. , Dasappa , S. , Paul , P.J. , Rajan , N.K.S. , Yagnaraman , M. , Kumar , D.R. , and Deogaonkar , M. 2010 . Gasifier stove—science, technology and outreach . Curr. Sci. , 98 ( 5 ), 627 – 638 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paul , P.J. , Mukunda , H.S. , and Jain , V.K. 1982 . Regression rates in boundary layer combustion . Proc. Combust. Inst. , 19 , 717 – 729 .
   Google Scholar
• Porteiro , J. , Patino , D. , Collazo , J. , Granada , E. , Moran , J. , and Miguez , J. 2010a . Experimental analysis of the ignition front propagation of several biomass fuels in a fixed-bed combustor . Fuel , 89 ( 1 ), 26 – 35 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porteiro , J. , Patino , D. , Moran , J. , and Granada , E. 2010b . Study of a fixed-bed biomass combustor: Influential parameters on ignition front propagation using parametric analysis . Energy Fuels , 24 ( 7 ), 3890 – 3897 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quintiere , J. 2006 . Fundamentals of Fire Phenomena . Wiley Online Library , New york .
   Google Scholar
• Reed , T. , Walt , R. , Ellis , S. , Das , A. , and Deutch , S. 1999 . Superficial velocity—the key to downdraft gasification. In Fourth Biomass Conference of the Americas, Oakland, CA; Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK, pp. 343–356 .
   Google Scholar
• Ronnback , M. , Axell , M. , Gustavsson , L. , Thunman , H. , and Leckner , B. 2001 . Combustion processes in a biomass fuel bed—Experimental results . In Progress in thermochemical biomass conversion . Wiley , New york .
   Google Scholar
• Ryan , J. , and Hallett , W. 2002 . Packed bed combustion of char particles: Experiments and an ash model . Chem. Eng. Sci. , 57 ( 18 ), 3873 – 3882 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryu , C. , Yang , Y. , Khor , A. , Yates , N. , Sharifi , V. , and Swithenbank , J. 2006 . Effect of fuel properties on biomass combustion: Part I. Experiments–fuel type, equivalence ratio and particle size . Fuel , 85 ( 7–8 ), 1039 – 1046 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saastamoinen , J. , and Richard , J.-R. 1996 . Simultaneous drying and pyrolysis of solid fuel particles . Combust. Flame , 106 ( 3 ), 288 – 300 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saastamoinen , J.J. , Taipale , R. , Horttanainen , M. , and Sarkomaa , P. 2000 . Propagation of ignition front in beds of wood particles . Combust. Flame , 123 , 214 – 226 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saastamoinen , J.J. , Horttanainen , M. , and Sarkomaa , P. 2001 . Ignition wave propagation and release of volatiles in beds of wood particles . Combust. Sci. Technol. , 165 ( 1 ), 41 – 60 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thunman , H. , and Leckner , B. 2005 . Influence of size and density of fuel on combustion in a packed bed . Proc. Combust. Inst. , 30 , 2939 – 2946 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thunman , H. , Davidsson , K. , and Leckner , B. 2004. Separation of drying and devolatilization during conversion of solid fuels. Combust. Flame , 137(1–2), 242–250.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Varunkumar , S. , Rajan , N.K.S. , and Mukunda , H.S. 2011 . Single particle and packed bed combustion in modern gasifier stoves—density effects . Combust. Sci. Technol. , 183 ( 11 ), 1147 – 1163 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wall , T. , Bhattacharya , S. , Zhang , D. , Gupta , R. , and He , X. 1993 . The properties and thermal effects of ash deposits in coal-fired furnaces . Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. , 19 ( 6 ), 487 – 504 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang , Y. , Sharifi , V. , and Swithenbank , J. 2004 . Effect of air flow rate and fuel moisture on the burning behaviours of biomass and simulated municipal solid wastes in packed beds . Fuel , 83 ( 11–12 ), 1553 – 1562 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zbogar , A. , and Frandsen , F. 2003 . Surface emissivity of coal ashes . IFRF Combustion Journal, (Article No 200305) , 1 – 5 .
   Google Scholar
• Zbogar , A. , Frandsen , F. , Jensen , P. , and Glarborg , P. 2005 . Heat transfer in ash deposits: A modelling tool-box . Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. , 31 ( 5–6 ), 371 – 421 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar