Modeling Lifted Jet Flames in a Heated Coflow Using an Optimized Eddy Dissipation Concept Model

REFERENCES

• Afarin, Y., and Tabejamaat, S. 2013. The effect of fuel inlet turbulence intensity on H2/CH4 flame structure of MILD combustion using the LES method. Combust. Theor. Model., 17(3), 383–410.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aminian, J., Galletti, C., Shahhosseini, S., and Tognotti, L. 2011. Key modeling issues in prediction of minor species in diluted-preheated combustion conditions. Appl. Therm. Eng., 31(16), 3287–3300.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aminian, J., Galletti, C., Shahhosseini, S., and Tognotti, L. 2012. Numerical investigation of a MILD combustion burner: Analysis of mixing field, chemical kinetics and turbulence-chemistry interaction. Flow Turbul. Combust., 88(4), 597–623.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cabra, R., Chen, J.Y., Dibble, R., Karpetis, A., and Barlow, R. 2005. Lifted methane-air jet flames in a vitiated coflow. Combust. Flame, 143(4), 491–506.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cabra, R., Myhrvold, T., Chen, J., Dibble, R., Karpetis, A., and Barlow, R. 2002. Simultaneous laser Raman-Rayleigh-Lif measurements and numerical modeling results of a lifted turbulent H2/N2 jet flame in a vitiated coflow. Proc. Combust. Inst., 29, 1881–1888.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao, R.R., Pope, S.B., and Masri, A.R. 2005. Turbulent lifted flames in a vitiated coflow investigated using joint PDF calculations. Combust. Flame, 142, 438–453.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavaliere, A., and de Joannon, M. 2004. Mild combustion. Prog. Energ. Combust. Sci., 30(4), 329–366.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christo, F.C., and Dally, B.B. 2004. Application of transport PDF approach for modelling MILD combustion. In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Australian Fluid Mechanic Conference, M. Behnia, W. Lin, and G. D. McBain (eds.), University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
   Google Scholar
• Christo, F.C., and Dally, B.B. 2005. Modeling turbulent reacting jets issuing into a hot and diluted coflow. Combust. Flame, 142(1–2), 117–129.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dally, B., Karpetis, A., and Barlow, R. 2002. Structure of turbulent non-premixed jet flames in a diluted hot coflow. Proc. Combust. Inst., 29, 1147–1154.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dally, B.B., Fletcher, D.F., and Masri, A.R. 1998. Flow and mixing fields of turbulent bluff-body jets and flames. Combust. Theor. Model., 2(2), 193–219.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De, A., Oldenhof, E., Sathiah, P., and Roekaerts, D. 2011. Numerical simulation of Delft-jet-in-hot-coflow (DJHC) flames using the eddy dissipation concept model for turbulence-chemistry interaction. Flow Turbul. Combust., 87(4), 537–567.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elsamra, R.M.I., Vranckx, S., and Carl, S.A. 2005. CH(A2Δ) formation in hydrocarbon combustion: The temperature dependence of the rate constant of the reaction C2H + O2 → CH(A2Δ) + CO2. J. Phys. Chem. 109(45), 10287–10293.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frassoldati, A., Sharma, P., Cuoci, A., Faravelli, T., and Ranzi, E. 2010. Kinetic and fluid dynamics modeling of methane/hydrogen jet flames in diluted coflow. Appl. Therm. Eng., 30(4), 376–383.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galletti, C., Parente, A., and Tognotti, L. 2007. Numerical and experimental investigation of a mild combustion burner. Combust. Flame, 151, 649–664.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao, X., Duan, F., Lim, S.C., and Yip, M.S. 2013. NOx formation in hydrogen-methane turbulent diffusion flame under the moderate or intense low-oxygen dilution conditions. Energy, 59, 559–569.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gkagkas, K., and Lindstedt, R.P. 2007. Transported PDF modelling with detailed chemistry of pre- and auto-ignition in CH4/air mixtures. Proc. Combust. Inst., 31, 1559–1566.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordon, R.L., Masri, A.R., and Mastorakos, E. 2008. Simultaneous Rayleigh temperature, OH- and CH2O-LIF imaging of methane jets in a vitiated coflow. Combust. Flame, 155(1–2), 181–195.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordon, R.L., Masri, A.R., Pope, S.B., and Goldin, G.M. 2007. A numerical study of auto-ignition in turbulent lifted flames issuing into a vitiated co-flow. Combust. Theor. Model., 11(3), 351–376.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, J.M., and Petersen, E.L. 2006. An optimized kinetics model for OH chemiluminescence at high temperatures and atmospheric pressures. Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 38(12), 714–724.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hidaka, Y., Takuma, H., and Suga, M. 1985. Shock-tube study of the rate constant for excited hydroxyl (OH*(2Σ+)) formation in the nitrous oxide-molecular hydrogen reaction. J. Phys. Chem., 89(23), 4903–4905.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ihme, M., and See, Y.C. 2011. LES flamelet modeling of a three-stream MILD combustor : Analysis of flame sensitivity to scalar inflow conditions. Proc. Combust. Inst., 33, 1309–1217.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ihme, M., Zhang, J., He, G., and Dally, B.B. 2012. Large-eddy simulation of a jet-in-hot-coflow burner operating in the oxygen-diluted combustion regime. Flow Turbul. Combust., 89, 449–464.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kerkemeier, S.G., Markides, C.N., Frouzakis, C.E., and Boulouchos, K. 2013. Direct numerical simulation of the autoignition of a hydrogen plume in a turbulent coflow of hot air. J. Fluid Mech., 720, 424–456.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kulkarni, R.M., and Polifke, W. 2013. LES of Delft-jet-in-hot-coflow (DJHC) with tabulated chemistry and stochastic fields combustion model. Fuel Process. Technol., 107, 138–146.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo, Z., Yoo, C.S., Richardson, E.S., Chen, J.H., Law, C.K., and Lu, T. 2012. Chemical explosive mode analysis for a turbulent lifted ethylene jet flame in highly-heated coflow. Combust. Flame, 159(1), 265–274.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magnussen, B.F. 1981. On the structure of turbulence and a generalized eddy dissipation concept for chemical reaction in turbulent flow. Presented at the 19th AIAA Aerospace Meeting, St. Louis, MO, January 12–15.
   Google Scholar
• Magnussen, B.F. 2005. The eddy dissipation concept a bridge between science and technology. Presented at the ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Computational Combustion, Lisbon, Portugal, June 21–24.
   Google Scholar
• Mardani, A., Tabejamaat, S., and Ghamari, M. 2010. Numerical study of influence of molecular diffusion in the Mild combustion regime. Combust. Theor. Model., 14(5), 747–774.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mardani, A., Tabejamaat, S., and Hassanpour, S. 2013. Numerical study of CO and CO2 formation in CH4/H2 blended flame under MILD condition. Combust. Flame, 160(9), 1636–1649.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mardani, A., Tabejamaat, S., and Mohammadi, M.B. 2011. Numerical study of the effect of turbulence on rate of reactions in the MILD combustion regime. Combust. Theor. Model., 15(6), 753–772.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masri, A.R., Cao, R., Pope, S.B., and Goldin, G.M. 2003. PDF calculations of turbulent lifted flames of H2/N2 fuel issuing into a vitiated co-flow. Combust. Theor. Model., 8(1), 1–22.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Medwell, P.R., Blunck, D.L., and Dally, B.B. 2014. The role of precursors on the stabilisation of jet flames issuing into a hot environment. Combust. Flame, 161(2), 465–474.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Medwell, P.R., and Dally, B.B. 2012. Effect of fuel composition on jet flames in a heated and diluted oxidant stream. Combust. Flame, 159(10), 3138–3145.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Medwell, P.R., Kalt, P.A.M., and Dally, B.B. 2007. Simultaneous imaging of OH, formaldehyde, and temperature of turbulent nonpremixed jet flames in a heated and diluted coflow. Combust. Flame, 148(1–2), 48–61.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Medwell, P.R., Kalt, P.A.M., and Dally, B.B. 2008. Imaging of diluted turbulent ethylene flames stabilized on a jet in hot coflow (JHC) burner. Combust. Flame, 152, 100–113.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Medwell, P.R., Kalt, P.A.M., and Dally, B.B. 2009. Reaction zone weakening effects under hot and diluted oxidant stream conditions. Combust. Sci. Technol., 181(7), 937–953.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Najafizadeh, S.M.M., Sadeghi, M.T., Sotudeh-Gharebagh, R., and Roekaerts, D.J. 2013. Chemical structure of autoignition in a turbulent lifted H2/N2 jet flame issuing into a vitiated coflow. Combust. Flame, 160(12), 2928–2940.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oldenhof, E., Tummers, M.J., van Veen, E.H., and Roekaerts, D.J.E.M. 2010. Ignition kernel formation and lift-off behaviour of jet-in-hot-coflow flames. Combust. Flame, 157(6), 1167–1178.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oldenhof, E., Tummers, M.J., van Veen, E.H., and Roekaerts, D.J.E.M. 2011. Role of entrainment in the stabilisation of jet-in-hot-coflow flames. Combust. Flame, 158(8), 1553–1563.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oldenhof, E., Tummers, M.J., van Veen, E.H., and Roekaerts, D.J.E.M. 2012. Transient response of the Delft jet-in-hot coflow flames. Combust. Flame, 159(2), 697–706.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petersen, E.L., Kalitan, D.M., and Rickard, M.J. 2003. Calibration and chemical kinetics modeling of an OH chemiluminescence diagnostic. AIAA Paper, 2003–4493.
   Google Scholar
• Ren, Z., and Pope, S.B. 2009. Sensitivity calculations in PDF modelling of turbulent flames. Proc. Combust. Inst., 32, 1629–1637.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shabanian, S.R., Medwell, P.R., Rahimi, M., Frassoldati, A., and Cuoci, A. 2013. Kinetic and fluid dynamic modeling of ethylene jet flames in diluted and heated oxidant stream combustion conditions. Appl. Therm. Eng., 52, 538–554.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, G.P., Golden, D.M., Frenklach, M., Moriarty, N.W., Eiteneer, B., Goldenberg, M., Bowman, C.T., Hanson, R.K., Song, S., Gardiner, Jr., W.C., Lissianski, V.V., and Qin, Z. 2000. GRI-Mech 3.0. Available at: http://www.me.berkeley.edu/gri_mech/.
   Google Scholar
• Tamura, M., Berg, P.A., Harrington, J.E., Luque, J., Jeffries, J.B., Smith, G.P., and Crosley, D.R. 1998. Collisional quenching of CH(A), OH(A), and NO(A) in low pressure hydrocarbon flames. Combust. Flame, 114(34), 502–514.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, F., Mi, J., and Li, P. 2013. Combustion regimes of a jet diffusion flame in hot co-flow. Energy and Fuels, 27(6), 3488–3498.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoo, C.S., Richardson, E.S., Sankaran, R., and Chen, J.H. 2011. A DNS study on the stabilization mechanism of a turbulent lifted ethylene jet flame in highly-heated coflow. Proc. Combust. Inst., 33, 1619–1627.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar