376
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Gas characteristics and effectiveness of smoke control systems in elevator lobbies during elevator evacuation in a high-rise building fire

, , , &
Pages 1232-1245 | Received 05 Dec 2017, Accepted 21 Feb 2018, Published online: 01 Mar 2018

References

  • ANSYS Fluent Theory Guide. 2013. Release 15, ANSYS, Inc., Canonsburg, PA.
  • Chen, Y., Yang, L., and Zhang, T. 2012. Numerical study on fire smoke movement in elevator shafts under piston effect. J. Appl. Fire Sci., 22(4), 387–405.
  • Chen, Y., Zhou, X., Zhang, T., Yuqi, H., and Yang, L. 2015. Turbulent smoke flow in evacuation staircases during a high-rise residential building fire. Internat. J. Numer. Methods Heat Fluid Flow, 25(3), 534–549.
  • Chen, Y., Zhou, X., Zhang, T., Zhijian, F., Cao, B., and Yang, L. 2016a. vertical temperature distributions in ventilation shafts during a fire. Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci., 79, 118–125.
  • Chen, Y., Zhou, X., Zhang, T., Zhijian, F., Yuqi, H., and Yang, L. 2016b. Numerical analysis of combined buoyancy-induced and pressure-driven smoke flow in complex vertical shafts during building fires. Internat. J. Numer. Methods Heat Fluid Flow, 26(6), 1684–1698.
  • Cheng, H., and George, V. 2011 May. Hadjisophocleous, Dynamic modeling of fire spread in building. Fire Saf. J., 46(4), 211–224.
  • Chow, W.K., and Zhao, J.H. 2011 Aug. Scale modeling studies on stack effect in tall vertical shafts. J. Fire Sci., 29(6), 531–542.
  • Chung-Hwei, S., Lin, Y.-C., Shu, C.-M., and Hsu, M.-C. 2011 Dec. Stack effect of smoke for an old-style apartment in Taiwan. Build. Environ, 46(12), 2425–2433.
  • Fan, C.G., Yan Li, X., Mu, Y., Yi Guo, F., and Ji, J. 2017. Smoke movement characteristics under stack effect in a mine laneway fire. Appl. Thermal Eng., 110 ( (November 2015)), 70–79.
  • Hadjisophocleous, G.V., and Jia, Q. 2009 Jan. Comparison of FDS prediction of smoke movement in a 10-Storey building with experimental data. Fire Technol, 45(2), 163–177.
  • Hu, L.H., Tang, F., Delichatsios, M.A., Wang, Q., Lu, K.H., and Zhang, X.C. 2013a. Global behaviors of enclosure fire and façade flame heights in normal and reduced atmospheric pressures at two altitudes. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf, 56(1–2), 119–126.
  • Hu, L.H., Tang, F., Delichatsios, M.A., and Lu, K.H. 2013b. A mathematical model on lateral temperature profile of buoyant window spill plume from a compartment fire. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf, 56(1–2), 447–453.
  • Hu, L.H., Lu, K.H., Tang, F., Delichatsios, M.A., and He, L.H. 2014. A global non-dimensional factor characterizing side wall constraint effect on facade flame entrainment and flame height from opening of compartment fires. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf, 75(8), 122–129.
  • Ji, J., Li, M., Gao, Z.H., Li, Y.F., Shi, W.X., and Sun, J.H. 2016. Experimental investigation of combustion characteristics under different ventilation conditions in a compartment connected to a stairwell. Appl. Thermal Eng., 101, 390–401.
  • Ji, J., Wan, H., Yifan, L., Kaiyuan, L., and Sun, J. 2015. Influence of relative location of two openings on fire and smoke behaviors in stairwell with a compartment. Int. J. Thermal Sci., 89(September), 23–33.
  • Khoukhi, M., and Al-Maqbali, A. 2011. Stack pressure and airflow movement in high and medium rise buildings. Energy Procedia, 6, 422–431.
  • Kinateder, M.T., Omori, H., and Kuligowski, E.D. 2014. The Use of Elevators for Evacuation in Fire Emergencies in International Buildings, National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD.
  • Klote, J.H. 1991. A General Routing for Analysis of Stack Effect, National Institute of Standards and Technology. Gaithersburg, MD.
  • Klote, J.H., and Tamura, G. 1986. Elevator piston effect and the smoke problem. Fire Saf. J., 11(2), 227–233.
  • Lee, J., Song, D., and Park, D. 2010 Feb. A study on the development and application of the E/V shaft cooling system to reduce stack effect in high-rise buildings. Build. Environ, 45(2), 311–319.
  • Mercier, G.P., and Jaluria, Y. 1999 Feb. Fire-induced flow of smoke and hot gases in open vertical enclosures. Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci., 19(2), 77–84.
  • Officials: Death toll up to 80 in London high-rise fire, final count could take months. 2017. [Online]. Available https://www.firerescue1.com/high-rise/articles/280610018-Officials-Death-toll-up-to-80-in-London-high-rise-fire-final-count-could-take-months/.
  • Qi, D., Wang, L., and Zmeureanu, R. 2014. An analytical model of heat and mass transfer through non-adiabatic high-rise shafts during fires. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf, 72, 585–594.
  • Qi, D., Wang, L., and Zmeureanu, R. 2017. The effects of non-uniform temperature distribution on neutral plane level in non-adiabatic high-rise shafts during fires. Fire Technol, 53(1), 153–172.
  • Siikonen, M.L., and Hakonen, H. 2002. Efficient evacuation methods in tall buildings. Int. Congr. Vertical Transp. Technol.
  • Sun, X.Q., Hu, L.H., Chow, W.K., Xu, Y., and Li, F. 2011. A theoretical model to predict plume rise in shaft generated by growing compartment fire. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf, 54(4), 910–920.
  • Xiao, G.Q., Tu, J.Y., and Yeoh, G.H. 2008. Numerical simulation of the migration of hot gases in open vertical shaft. Appl. Thermal Eng., 28(5–6), 478–487.
  • Yan-Wu, L., Yuan, H.-Y., Lu, Y., Xu, R.-F., Fu, M., Yuan, M., and Han, L. 2017. Experimental studies of electromagnetic wave attenuation by flame and smoke in structure fire. Fire Technol, 53(1), 5–27.
  • Zhang, J.Y., Lu, W.Z., Huo, R., and Feng, R. 2008 Jun. A new model for determining neutral-plane position in shaft space of a building under fire situation. Build. Environ, 43(6), 1101–1108.
  • Zhang, X., Tan, C., and Yushi, L. 2016. Numerical analysis of smoke confinement by means of air curtains in high-rise buildings. Appl. Mechanics Mater., 858, 287–293.
  • Zu-Ming, C.H.E.N., Jin, Z.H.A.N.G., and De-Pin, L.I. 2011. Smoke control – discussion of switching elevator to evacuation elevator in high-rise building. Procedia Eng., 11, 40–44.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.