References
- Allocca, L., Montanaro, A., Di Gioia, R., and Bonandrini, G. 2014. Spray characterization of a single-hole gasoline injector under flash boiling conditions. SAE Technical Paper 2014-32-0041. doi:10.4271/2014-32-0041.
- Brehob, D.D., Fleming, J., Haghgooie, M., and Stein, R.A. 1998. Stratified-charge engine fuel economy and emissions characteristics. SAE Paper 982704.
- Chang, D., and Lee, C. 2002. Preliminary computational studies of flash boiling for fuel injectors in gasoline direct injection automotive engines. IECEC 2002 Paper No. 20164.
- Huang, Y., Huang, S., Huang, R., and Hong, G. 2016. Spray and evaporation characteristics of Ethanol and Gasoline direct injection in non-evaporating, transitional flash boiling and flash-boiling conditions. Energy Convers. Manag., 108, 68–77. doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2015.10.081.
- Kale, R., and Banerjee, R. 2019a. Experimental investigation on GDI spray behavior of isooctane and alcohols at elevated pressure and temperature conditions. Fuel, 236, 1–12. ISSN 0016-2361. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2018.08.153.
- Kale, R., and Banerjee, R. 2019b. Understanding spray and atomization characteristics of butanol isomers and isooctane under engine like hot injector body conditions. Fuel, 237, 191–201. ISSN 0016-2361. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2018.09.142.
- Köpple, F., Jochmann, P., Kufferath, A., and Bargende, M. 2013. Investigation of the parameters influencing the spray-wall interaction in a GDI engine - prerequisite for the prediction of particulate emissions by numerical simulation. SAE Int. J. Engines, 6(2), 911–925. doi:10.4271/2013-01-1089.
- Matthews, R.D., Stovell, C., Ng, H., Larsen, R., and Johnson, B.E. 1999. Effects of load on emissions and NOx trap/catalyst efficiency for a direct injection spark ignition engine. SAE Paper 1999-01-1528.
- Montanaro, A., Allocca, L., and Lazzaro, M. 2017. Iso-octane spray from a GDI multi-hole injector under non- and flash boiling conditions. SAE Technical Paper 2017-01-2319. doi:10.4271/2017-01-2319.
- Moulai, M., Grover, R., Parrish, S., and Schmidt, D. 2015. Internal and near-nozzle flow in a multi-hole gasoline injector under flashing and non-flashing conditions. SAE Technical Paper 2015-01-0944. doi:10.4271/2015-01-0944.
- Parrish, S. 2014. Evaluation of liquid and vapor penetration of sprays from a multi-hole gasoline fuel injector operating under engine-like conditions. SAE Int. J. Engines, 7(2), 1017–1033. doi:10.4271/2014-01-1409.
- Senda, J., Hojyo, Y., and Fujimoto, H. 1994. Modelling of atomization process in flash boiling spray. SAE Technical Paper 941925. doi: 10.4271/941925.
- Shim, Y.S., Choi, G.M., and Kim, D.J. 2009. Numerical and experimental study on effect of wall geometry on wall impingement process of hollow cone fuel spray under various ambient conditions. Int. J. Multiphas. Flow, 35, 885–895. doi:10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2009.06.004.
- Zeng, W., Xu, M., Zhang, G., Zhang, Y., and Cleary David, J. 2012. Atomization and vaporization for flash-boiling multi-hole sprays with alcohol fuels. Fuel, 95, 287–297. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2011.08.048.
- Zhao, F., Lai, M.C., and Harrington, D.L. 1999. Automotive spark-ignited direct-injection gasoline engines. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci., 25(5), 437–562. doi:10.1016/S0360-1285(99)00004-0.