Effects of Lubricating Oil Additives on the Microphysical Properties of Diesel Exhaust Particulate Matter

References

• Amouei, T. M., S. Gorjinezhad, M. Keles, et al. 2017. Size segregated PM and its chemical composition emitted from heated corn oil. Environ. Res. 154:101–08. doi:10.1016/j.envres.2016.12.025.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bott, R. C., K. M. Kirk, M. B. Logan, Reid, D. A. 2017. Diesel particulate matter and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fire stations. Environ Sci Process Impacts. 19(10):1320–26. doi:10.1039/C7EM00291B.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, H., and A. Yokochi. 2015. X-ray diffractometric study of microcrystallite size of naturally colored cottons. J Appl Polym Sci 76 (9):1466–71. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(20000531)76:9<1466::AID-APP10>3.0.CO;2-Q.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong, L., W. Han, X. Liang, Y. Wang. 2015. Comparative study on particles formation in a diesel engine when lubricating oil involved in fuel combustion. J. Chem. 2015:1–7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dresselhaus, M. S., A. Jorio, M. Hofmann, G. Dresselhaus, R. Saito. 2010. Perspectives on carbon nanotubes and graphene Raman spectroscopy. Nano Lett. 10(3):751–58. doi:10.1021/nl904286r.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du, J. Y., R. S. Zhou, D. P. Zhang, et al. 2017. Impacts of DOC on PM emission from diesel engine fueled with biodiesel blends. Zhongguo Huanjing Kexue China Environ. Sci. 37 (2):497–502.
   Google Scholar
• Fitzer, E. 1988. Composites for high temperatures. Pure Appl. Chem. 60 (3):287–302. doi:10.1351/pac198860030287.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao, J., C. Ma, F. Xia, et al. 2016. Raman characteristics of PM emitted by a diesel engine equipped with a NTP reactor. Fuel 185:289–97. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2016.07.125.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gopal, K. N., and R. T. K. Raj. 2016. Effect of pongamia oil methyl ester–Diesel blend on lubricating oil degradation of di compression ignition engine. Fuel 165:105–14. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2015.10.031.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hou, B., B. Ren, R. Deng, G. Zhu, Z. Wang, & Z. Li. 2017. Three-dimensional electro-fenton oxidation of N-heterocyclic compounds with a novel catalytic particle electrode: High activity, wide pH range and catalytic mechanism. RSC Adv. 7(25):15455–62. doi:10.1039/C7RA00361G.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jian, Z., W. Zhong, Q. U. Lei, & Z. Yang. 2016. The analysis of raman spectra of particulate matters emitted from biodiesel-diesel blend fuels. Spectrosc. Spectral Anal. 36 (8):2505–09.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jung, H., D. B. Kittelson, and M. R. Zachariah. The influence of engine lubricating oil on diesel nanoparticle emissions and kinetics of oxidation. SAE technical paper 2003-01-3179. 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Kawano, M., S. Uno, J. Koyama, E. Kokushi, & A. Mcelroy. 2016. Effects of oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the early life stages of Japanese medaka. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res.. 1–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kleeman, M. J., S. G. Riddle, M. A. Robert, C. A. Jakober. 2008. Lubricating oil and fuel contributions to particulate matter emissions from light-duty gasoline and heavy-duty diesel vehicles. Environ. Sci. Technol. 42(1):235–42. doi:10.1021/es071054c.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liang, X., Y. Wang, G.-Q. Shu, K. Yang, and Y. Chen. Experimental study the influence of EP antiwear additive on particle emissions in diesel engines. SAE technical paper 2013-01-1556. 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Lin, S. L., J. H. Tsai, S. J. Chen, K. L. Huang. 2017. Emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and particle-bound metals from a diesel engine generator fueled with waste cooking oil-based biodiesel blends. Aerosol Air Qual. Res. 17(6):1579–89. doi:10.4209/aaqr.2017.04.0151.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Llamas, A., A. M. Al-Lal, M. J. García-Martínez, et al. 2017. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) produced in the combustion of fatty acid alkyl esters from different feedstocks: Quantification, statistical analysis and mechanisms of formation. Sci. Total Environ. 586:446–56. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.180.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Overgaard, H., P. Klit, and A. Vølund. 2016. Investigation of different piston ring curvatures on lubricant transport along cylinder liner in large two-stroke marine diesel engines. ARCHIVE Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part J. Eng. Tribol. 1994–1996 135065011774410.
   Google Scholar
• Peng, X., J. Gao, G. Shi, X. Shi, & Y. Deng. 2018. A preliminary assessment of the impacts of multiple temporal-scale variations in particulate matter on its source apportionment. Atmos. Chem. Phys.. 1–40.
   Google Scholar
• Pirjola, L., P. Karjalainen, J. Heikkilä, S. Saari, T. Tzamkiozis, & L. Ntziachristos. 2015. Effects of fresh lubricant oils on particle emissions emitted by a modern gasoline direct injection passenger car. Environ. Sci. Technol. 49(6):3644–52. doi:10.1021/es505109u.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Šenkeřík, V., M. Stanek, D. Manas. et al. 2016. Effect of recycled particle size to micro-hardness properties of styrene acrylonitrile. Defect Diffusion Forum.
   Google Scholar
• Singh, A. K. 2011. Castor oil-based lubricant reduces smoke emission in two-stroke engines. Ind. Crops Prod. 33 (2):287–95. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2010.12.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sonntag, D. B., C. R. Bailey, C. R. Fulper, R. W. Baldauf. 2012. Contribution of lubricating oil to particulate matter emissions from light-duty gasoline vehicles in Kansas city. Environ. Sci. Technol. 46(7):4191–99. doi:10.1021/es203747f.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tan, P.-Q., Y. Li, and H. Shen. 2018. Exhaust particle properties from a light duty diesel engine using different ash content lubricating oil. J. Energy Inst. 91:55–64. doi:10.1016/j.joei.2016.11.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuinstra, F. 1970. Raman spectra of graphite. J. Chem. Phys. 53 (3):1126–30. doi:10.1063/1.1674108.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, W., J. Yu, Y. Cui, J. He, & Y. Wang. 2018. Characteristics of fine particulate matter and its sources in an industrialized coastal city, Ningbo, Yangtze River Delta, China. Atmos. Res. 203:105–17. doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2017.11.033.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Y., X. Liang, G. Shu, et al. 2014. Effect of lubricant oil additive on size distribution, morphology, and nanostructure of diesel particulate matter. Appl. Energy 130:33–40. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.05.042.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Y., X. Liang, G. Tang, et al. 2017. Impact of lubricating oil combustion on nanostructure, composition and graphitization of diesel particles. Fuel 190:237–44. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2016.11.021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yehliu, K., R. L. Vander Wal, O. Armas, and A. L. Boehman. 2012. Impact of fuel formulation on the nanostructure and reactivity of diesel soot. Combust Flame 159:3597–606. doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2012.07.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuan, B., L. Zeng, X. Sun, et al. 2018. Enhanced sodium storage performance in flexible free-standing multichannel carbon nanofibers with enlarged interlayer spacing. Nano Res. 11(4):2256–64. doi:10.1007/s12274-017-1847-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, C., T. Wang, and Y. Ding. 2017. Influence of Pt particle size on the activity of Pt/AC catalyst in selective oxidation of glycerol to lactic acid. Catal Letters 147 (5):1–7. doi:10.1007/s10562-017-2016-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Y., W. Tao, Z. Li, et al. 2018. Experimental studies on the combustion and particulate matter emission characteristics of biodiesel surrogate component/diesel. Appl. Therm. Eng. 131:565–75. doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.12.045.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, S., P. K. Davy, M. Huang, et al. 2018. High-resolution sampling and analysis of ambient particulate matter in the Pearl River Delta region of Southern China: Source apportionment and health risk implications. Atmos. Chem. Phys.. 1–37.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zukeran, A., Y. Nanjo, K. Ito, et al. 2017. Removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons emitted from diesel engine using an electrostatic precipitator and heat exchanger[C]//Industry applications society meeting. IEEE. 1–6.
   Google Scholar