Sooting Correlations for Premixed Flames

References

• Aleksishvili , M. M. , Eigenson , I. A. , Polyak , S. S. , and Shtern , V. Ya. ( 1976 ). Kinetics and chmism of oxidative cracking of propane . Kinetics and Catalysis 17 , 949 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Appleby , W. G. , Avery , W. H. , Meerbott , W. K. , and Sartor , A. F. (1953) . The decomposition of n-butanc in the presence of oxygen . J. Am. Chem. Soc . 75 , 1809 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Back , M. H. , and Martin , R. ( 1979 ). The thermal reactions of ethylene at 500°C in the presence and absence of small quantities of oxygen . lnt, J. Chcnt. Kin . 11 , 757 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker , J. A. , and Skinner , G. B. ( 1972 ). Shock-tube studies on the ignition of ethylene-oxygen-argon mixtures . Combust, Flame 19 , 347 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blazowski , W. S. ( 1980 ). Dependence of soot production on fuel structure in back mixed combustion . Combust, Sci. Tech . 21 , 87 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calcote . H. F. , and Manos , D. M. ( 1983 ). Effect of molecular structure on incipient soot formation . Combust. Flame : 49 , 259 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calcote , H. F. , and Miller , W. J. ( 1978 ). Ionic mechanisms of carbon formation in flames . Paper No. TP-371 , AcroChcm Research Laboratories, Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Calcote , H. F. , and Olson , D. B. ( 1982 ). Importance of temperature on soot formation in premixed flames . Combust, 56. Tech . 28 . 315 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dryer , F. L. , and Glassman , I. ( 1978 ). Comhustion chemistry of chain hydrocarbons. In Alternative Hydrocarbon Fuels : Combustion and Chemical Kinetics , Bowman , C. T. , and Birkeland , J. (Eds.), Vol. 62 , Progress in Astronauties and Aeronauties, American Institute of Aeronauties and Astronauties , New York , p. 255 .
   Google Scholar
• Dyer , T. M. , and Flower , W. I. , ( 1981 ). A phenomenological description of particulate formation during constant volume combustion . In Particulate Carbon: Fonnntton During Combustion , Sicgla , D. C . and aSmith , G. W. (Eds.), Plenum Press , New York , p. 363 .
   Google Scholar
• Flossdorf , J. , and wagner . H. Gg. ( 1967 ). RuBbildung in normalcn und gcsiortcn Kohlcnwasser-stotf-Luft-Flarnmcn . Z. phys. Chem, Neue Folge 54 , 113 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flossdorf , J. , Jost , W. , and Wagner , H. Gg. ( 1974 ). Entmischungseffekte in Flammen auf Bunsen-brennen . Ber, Bunsenges. Phys. Chem . 78 , 378 .
   Google Scholar
• Fujii , N. , and Asaba , T. ( 1973 ). Shock-tube study of thc reaction of rich mixtures of benzene and oxygen . Fourteenth Symposium (International) on Combustion , The Combustion Institute , Pittsburgh , PA, p. 433 .
   Google Scholar
• Glassman , I. ( 1979 ). Phenomenological models of soot processes in combustion systems . Princeton University Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , Report 1450; also Air Force Ollicc of Scientific Research Report TR-79-1147 .
   Google Scholar
• Glassman , I. , and Yuccarino , P. ( 1980 ). The effect of oxygen concentration on sooting diffusion flames . Combust. Sci. Tech . 24 , 107 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glassman , I. , and Yaccarino , P. ( 1981 ). The temperature effect in sooting diffusion flames . Eiglueenth Symposium (International) on Combustion , The Combustion Institute , Pittsburgh , PA, p. 1175 .
   Google Scholar
• Glassman , I. , Brezinsky , K. , Gomez , A. , and Takahashi , F. ( 1982 ). Physical and chemical kinetic effects in soot formation. Annual Meeting of the Combustion Institute, Sezione, Italiana ; also in Recent Advances in Aerospace Science , Plenum Press , New York .
   Google Scholar
• Gordon , S. , and McBride , B. J. ( 1971 ). Computer program for calculation of complex chemical equilibrium compositions, rocket performance, incident and reflected shocks and Chapman-Jouguet detonations . NASA SP - 273 .
   Google Scholar
• Grunter , J . Harris , M. E. , and Rowe , V. R. ( 1956 ). Fundamental flashback, blowoff, and yellow tip limits of fuel gas-air mixtures . Bureau of Mines , Report of Investigations 5225 .
   Google Scholar
• Hautman . D. J. ( 1980 ). Pyrolysis and oxidation kinetic mechanisms for propane. Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , Princeton University.
   Google Scholar
• Hautman , D. J. , Dryer , F. L. , Schug , K. P. , and Glassman , I. ( 1981) ;. A multiple-step overall kinetic mechanism for the oxidation of hydrocarbons . Combust. Sci. and Tech . 25 , 219 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris , S. J. , and Weiner , A. M. ( 1983 ). Surface growth of soot particles in premixed ethylene/air flames . Combust, Sci. Tech , 31 , 155 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haynes , B. S. , Jandcr , H. , and Wagner , H. Gg. ( 1980 ). Optical studies of soot formation processes in premixed flames . Ber, Bunscngcs. Phys. Chem , 84 , 585 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Homann , K. H. ( 1967 ). Carbon formation in premixed flames . Combust, Flame 11 , 265 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Layokun , S. K. ( 1979 ). Oxidative pyrolysis of propane . Ind. Eng, Client. Process Des. Dev , 18 , 241 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macfarlane , J. J. , Holderness , F. H. , and Whitcher , F. S. E. ( 1964 ). Soot formation rates in premixed Co and Co hydrocarbon-air flames at pressures up to 20 atmospheres . Combust, Flame 8 , 215 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin , R. , Dzierzynski , M. , and Niclause , M. ( 1964 ). II. Etude experirnentale de la pyrolyse du propane en présence de traces d'oxygene . J. Chilli. Phys , 61 , 790 .
   Google Scholar
• Martin , R. , Niclause , M. , and Scacchi , G. ( 1976 ). Influence of small quantities of oxygen on the thermal cracking of alkanes, ca.500°C . Industrial and Laboratory Pyrolysis , Albright , L. F ., and Crynes , B. L. (Eds.) , ACS Symp. Ser. , 32 , p. 37 .
   Google Scholar
• Millikan , R. C ( 1962 ). Non-equilibrium soot formation in premixed flames . J. Phys, Chem , 66 , 794 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Millikan , R. C , and Foss , W. I . ( 1962 ). Non-equilibrium effects in soot deposition . Combust, Flame 6 , 210 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murgulcscu , I. G. , and Bica , I. ( 1974 ). Pyrolysis and oxidative pyrolysis of isobutane, I . Rev. Roum. Chim . 19 , 1841 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy , S. L. ( 1982 ). Pure and oxidative pyrolysis of hydrocarbons in relation to the sooting diffusion flames. M.S.E. Thesis , Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University .
   Google Scholar
• Radcliffe , S. W. , and Appleton , J.P. ( 1971 ). Shock-tube measurements of carbon to oxygen atom ratios for incipient soot formation with Cai-le, C2H4 and C2Ho fuels . Combust, Sci. Tech . 3 , 255 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schalla , R. L. , Clark , T. P. , and McDonald , G. E. ( 1954 ). Formation and combustion of smoke in laminar flames . NACA Report 1186 .
   Google Scholar
• Scnkan , S. M. , Robinson , J. M. , and Gupta , A. K. ( 1983 ). Sooting limits of chlorinated hydrocarbon-methane-air premixed flames . Combust. Flame 49 , 305 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schug . K. P. , Manheimer-Timnat , Y. , Yaccarino , P. , and Glassman , I. ( 1980 ). Sooting behavior of gaseous hydrocarbon diffusion flames and the influence of additives . Combust. Sci. Tech . 22 , 235 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Street , J. C , and Thomas , A. ( 1955 ). Carbon formation in premixed flames . Fuel 34 , 4 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takahashi , F. , and Glassman . I. ( 1982 ). Sooting correlations for premixed flames, Fall Technical Meeting , Eastern States Section/Combustion Institute , Atlantic City , NJ , Paper no. 12 .
   Google Scholar
• Taylor , J. E. , and Kulich , D. M. ( 1976 ). Oxidative pyrolysis of selected hydrocarbons using the wall-less reactor . Industrial and Laboratory Pyrolysis , Albright , L. F. , and Crynes , B. L. (Eds .), ACS Symp. Ser ., 32 , p. 72 .
   Google Scholar
• Wright , F. J. ( 1969 ). The formation of carbon under well-stirred conditions . Twelfth Syrnposium (International) on Combustion , The Combustion Institute , Pittsburgh , PA, p. 867 .
   Google Scholar
• Westbrook , C K. , and Chase , L. L. ( 1982 ). Chemical kinetic and thermochemical data for combustion applications. Lawrence Livermore Laboratory , University of California , UCID-17833 .
   Google Scholar