On The Refractive Index of Soot at Flame Temperature

References

• Ben Hamadi , M. ( 1984 ). Contribution à Ia comprehension des propriétés radiatives des suies dans une flamme de prémélange . Thèse de Docteur Ingénieur , Universitée de Rouen , France .
   Google Scholar
• Ben Hamadi M. , Vervisch , P. , and Coppalle , A. ( 1987 ). Radiation properties of soot from premixed flat flames Combustion and Flame 68 , 57 .
   Google Scholar
• Bohren , C. F. , and Huffman , D. R. ( 1983 ). Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles . John Wiley and sons .
   Google Scholar
• Charalampopoulos , T. T. , and Felske , J. D. ( 1987 ). Refractive indices of soot particles deduced from insitulaser light scattering measurements . Combustion and Flame 68 , 283 .
   Google Scholar
• Dalzell , W. H. , and Saroflm , A. E ( 1969 ). Optical constants of soot and their application to heat flux calculations . Journal of Heat Transfer . February , 100 .
   Google Scholar
• D'Allessio , A. ( 1981 ). Laser light scattering and fluorescence diagnostics of rich flames produced by gaseous and liquid fuels . In Proceedings of Particulate Carbon Formation during Combustion , Siegla , and Smith , (Eds.). Plenum Press , New York , pp. 207 – 259 .
   Google Scholar
• Friedlander , S. K. , and Wang , C. S. ( 1966 ). The self-preserving particle size distribution for coagulation by Brownian motion . J. Colloid and Int. Sc. 22 , 126 .
   Google Scholar
• Habib , Z. G. , and Vervisch , P. ( 1987 ). Optical constants of soot by means of the H/C ratio in hydrocarbon flames . In Proceedings of the Joint Meeting of The French and Italian Sections of The Combustion Institute , pp, 4 .4. June. Amalfi , Italy .
   Google Scholar
• Hottel , H. C. , and Broughton , F. P. ( 1932 ). Determination of true temperature and total radiation from luminous gas flames . Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 4 , 1 .
   Google Scholar
• Howarth , C. R. , Foster , P. J. , and Thring , M. W. ( 1966 ), The effect of temperature on the extinction of radiation by soot particles . Proceedings of the Third International Hear Transfer Conference 5 , 122 .
   Google Scholar
• Kerker , M. ( 1969 ). The Scattering of Light . Academic Press . New York .
   Google Scholar
• Lahaye , J. , and Prado , G. ( 1981 ). Morphology and internal structure of soot and carbon blacks . In Proceedings of Particulate Carbon Formation during Combustion , Siegla , and Smith , (Eds.). Plenum Press , New York , pp. 33 – 55 .
   Google Scholar
• Lai , F. S. , Friedlander , S. K. , Pich , J. , and Hidy , G. M. ( 1972 ). The self-preserving size distribution for Brownian coagulation in the free molecule regime . J. Colloid and Int. Sc. , vol. 39 , no 1 .
   Google Scholar
• Lee , S. C. , and Tien , C. L. ( 1981 ). Optical constants of soot in hydrocarbon flames . Eighteenth Symposium (lnternational) on Combustion . The Combustion Institute , pp. 1159 – 1166 .
   Google Scholar
• Lhuissicr , N. ( 1987 ). Caracterisation des suies dans des flammmes de prémélange par diffusion quasiélastiquc de la Lurmiére . Thése de Doctoral d'Universite , Universite de Rauen , France .
   Google Scholar
• Lhuissier , N. , Weill , M. E. , and Gouesbet , G. ( 1986 ). Granulomatric study of soot particles in flames using diffusion broadening spectroscopy . Aerosols. formation and reactivity. Second Int. Aerosol Conf. , Berlin . Pergamon Journal Ltd. , pp. 980 – 983 .
   Google Scholar
• McCartney , J. F. , and Ergun , S. ( 1958 ), Optical properties of coal and graphite . Fuel 37 , 272 .
   Google Scholar
• Millikan , R. C. ( 1961 ). Optical properties of soot . Journal of the Optical Society of America 51 , 698 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newman , J. S. and Stechiak , J. ( 1987 ). Characterisation of particulates from diffusion flames . Combustion and Flame 67 , 55 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pagni , P. J. , and Bard , S. ( 1978 ). Particulate volume fractions in diffusion flames . Seventeenth Symposium (International) on Combustion , The Combustion Institute , pp. 1017 – 1028 .
   Google Scholar
• Penner , S. S. , Bernard , J. M. , and Jerskey , T. ( 1976 ). Power spectra observed in laser scattering from moving, polydisperse particle systems in flames. I: Theory, Acta Astronautica 3, 69; ll: Preliminary Experiments . Acta Astronautica 3 , 93 .
   Google Scholar
• Sidall , R. G. and McGrath , I. D. ( 1963 ). The emissivity of luminous flames , Ninth Symposium (International) on Combustion , The Combustion Institute , pp. 102 – 110 .
   Google Scholar
• Stull , V. R. , and Plass , G. N. ( 1960 ). Emissivity of dispersed carbon particles . Journal of the Optical Society of AmeriCa 50 , 121 .
   Google Scholar
• Taft , E. A. , and Philipp , H. R. ( 1965 ). Optical propertices of graphite . Physical Review , 138 , 197 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tien , C. L. , and Lee , S. C. ( 1982 ). Flame radiation , Prog. Energy Combust., Sc. 8 , 41 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaglicco , B. M. , Beretta , F. , and D'Allessio , A. ( 1987 ). Measurement of the spectral behaviour of the scattering and extinction coefficients in rich flames , Proceedings of the Joint Meeting of The French and ltalian Sections of The Combustion Institute , p. 4 – 7 , June . Amalfi , Italy ,
   Google Scholar
• Viskanta , R , and Mcngüc . M. P. ( 1987 ). Radiation heat transfer in combustion systems . Prog. Energy combust. sc . 13 , 97 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weill , M. E. , Lhuissier , N. , and Gouesbet , G. ( 1986 ). Mean diameters and number densities in premixed flat CH4-O2 flames . Api. Opt. , 25 , 10 , 1676 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wcrsborg , B. L. , Fox , L. K. , and Howard , J. B. ( 1975 ). Soot concentration and absorption coefficient in low pressure flame . Combustion and Flame 24 , 1 .
   Google Scholar