Season and Nitrogen Effects on Activities of Three Hydrolytic Enzymes in Soils of the Gurbantunggut Desert, Northwest China

References

• Aber, J. D., K. J. Nadelhoffer, P. Steudler, and J. M. Melillo. 1989. Nitrogen saturation in northern forest ecosystems. BioScience 39:378–386.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alon, A., and Y. Steinberger. 1999. Effect of nitrogen amendments on microbial biomass, above-ground biomass and nematode population in the Negev Desert soil. Journal of Arid Environments 41:429–441.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bai, C. M., X. L. He, H. T. Tang, B. Q. Shan, and L. L. Zhao. 2009. Spatial distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, glomalin and soil enzymes under the canopy of Astragalus adsurgens Pall. in the Mu Us sandland, China. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 41:941–947.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bell, C. W., V. Acosta-Martinez, N. E. McIntyre, S. Cox, D. T. Tissue, and J. C. Zak. 2009. Linking microbial community structure and function to seasonal differences in soil moisture and temperature in a Chihuahuan Desert Grassland. Microbial Ecology 58:827–842.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bell, T. H., J. N. Klironomos, and H. A. L. Henry. 2010. Seasonal responses of extracellular enzyme activity and microbial biomass to warming and nitrogen addition. Soil Science Society of America Journal 74:820–828.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, Y. N., Q. Wang, W. H. Li, and X. Ruan. 2007. Microbiotic crusts and their interrelations with environmental factors in the Gurbantonggut desert, western China. Environmental Geology 52:691–700.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dell, E. A., D. S. Carley, T. Rufty, and W. Shi. 2012. Heat stress and N fertilization affect soil microbial and enzyme activities in the creeping bentgrass (Agrostis Stolonifera L.) rhizosphere. Applied Soil Ecology 56:19–26.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Enrique, A. G., C. Bruno, A. Christopher, C. Virgile, and C. Steven. 2008. Effects of nitrogen availability on microbial activities, densities and functional diversities involved in the degradation of a Mediterranean evergreen oak litter (Quercus ilex L.). Soil Biology & Biochemistry 40:1654–1661.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallo, M. E., A. Porras-Alfaro, K. J. Odenbach, and R. L. Sinsabaugh. 2009. Photoacceleration of plant litter decomposition in an arid environment. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 41:1433–1441.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo, P., C. Y. Wang, Y. Jia, Q. A. Wang, G. M. Han, and X. J. Tian. 2011. Responses of soil microbial biomass and enzymatic activities to fertilizations of mixed inorganic and organic nitrogen at a subtropical forest in East China. Plant and Soil 338:355–366.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jin, K., S. Sleutel, D. Buchan, S. De Neve, D. X. Cai, D. Gabriels, and J. Y. Jin. 2009. Changes of soil enzyme activities under different tillage practices in the Chinese Loess Plateau. Soil & Tillage Research 104:115–120.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, D., J. R. Leake, and D. J. Read. 2005. Liming and nitrogen fertilization affects phosphatase activities, microbial biomass and mycorrhizal colonisation in upland grassland. Plant and Soil 271:157–164.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang, H. J., and C. Freeman. 1999. Phosphatase and arylsulphatase activities in wetland soils: annual variation and controlling factors. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 31:449–454.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang, H., and D. Lee. 2005. Inhibition of extracellular enzyme activities in a forest soil by additions of inorganic nitrogen. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 36:2129–2135.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katsalirou, E., S. P. Deng, D. L. Nofziger, and A. Gerakis. 2010. Long-term management effects on organic C and N pools and activities of C-transforming enzymes in prairie soils. European Journal of Soil Biology 46:335–341.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kieft, T. L. 1991. Soil microbiology in rechamation of arid and semiarid lands. In Semiarid lands and deserts: soil resource and reclamation, ed. J. Skujins, 209–256. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker.
   Google Scholar
• Li, K. H., W. Song, X. J. Liu, J. L. Shen, X. S. Luo, X. Q. Sui, B. Liu, Y. K. Hu, P. Christie, and C. Y. Tian. 2012. Atmospheric reactive nitrogen concentrations at ten sites with contrasting land use in an arid region of central Asia. Biogeosciences 9:4013–4021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, X. M., Q. Li, W. J. Liang, and Y. Jiang. 2008. Distribution of soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass along a latitudinal gradient in farmlands of Songliao Plain, Northeast China. Pedosphere 18:431–440.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyyemperumal, K., and W. Shi. 2008. Soil enzyme activities in two forage systems following application of different rates of swine lagoon effluent or ammonium nitrate. Applied Soil Ecology 38:128–136.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCrackin, M. L., T. K. Harms, N. B. Grimm, S. J. Hall, and J. P. Kaye. 2008. Responses of soil microorganisms to resource availability in urban, desert soils. Biogeochemistry 87:143–155.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nadeau, J. A., R. G. Qualls, R. S. Nowak, and R. R. Blank. 2007. The potential bioavailability of organic C, N, and P through enzyme hydrolysis in soils of the Mojave Desert. Biogeochemistry 82:305–320.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olander, L. P., and P. M. Vitousek. 2000. Regulation of soil phosphatase and chitinase activity by N and P availability. Biogeochemistry 49:175–190.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robroek, B. J. M., E. B. Adema, H. O. Venterink, L. Leonardson, and M. J. Wassen. 2009. How nitrogen and sulphur addition, and a single drought event affect root phosphatase activity in Phalaris arundinacea. Science of the Total Environment 407:2342–2348.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saiya-Cork, K. R., R. L. Sinsabaugh, and D. R. Zak. 2002. The effects of long term nitrogen deposition on extracellular enzyme activity in an Acer saccharum forest soil. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 34:1309–1315.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinsabaugh, R. L., M. E. Gallo, C. Lauber, M. P. Waldrop, and D. R. Zak. 2005. Extracellular enzyme activities and soil organic matter dynamics for northern hardwood forests receiving simulated nitrogen deposition. Biogeochemistry 75:201–215.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stursova, M., C. L. Crenshaw, and R. L. Sinsabaugh. 2006. Microbial responses to long-term N deposition in a semiarid grassland. Microbial Ecology 51:90–98.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waldrop, M. P., D. R. Zak, and R. L. Sinsabaugh. 2004. Microbial community response to nitrogen deposition in northern forest ecosystems. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 36:1443–1451.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallenstein, M. D., S. K. McMahon, and J. P. Schimel. 2009. Seasonal variation in enzyme activities and temperature sensitivities in Arctic tundra soils. Global Change Biology 15:1631–1639.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, C. Y., X. G. Feng, P. Guo, G. M. Han, and X. J. Tian. 2010. Response of degradative enzymes to N fertilization during litter decomposition in a subtropical forest through a microcosm experiment. Ecological Research 25:1121–1128.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, C. Y., G. M. Han, Y. Jia, X. G. Feng, P. Guo, and X. J. Tian. 2011. Response of litter decomposition and related soil enzyme activities to different forms of nitrogen fertilization in a subtropical forest. Ecological Research 26:505–513.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Q. K., S. L. Wang, and Y. X. Liu. 2008. Responses to N and P fertilization in a young Eucalyptus dunnii plantation: Microbial properties, enzyme activities and dissolved organic matter. Applied Soil Ecology 40:484–490.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, X. Q., J. Jiang, Y. C. Wang, W. L. Luo, C. W. Song, and J. J. Chen. 2006. Responses of ephemeral plant germination and growth to water and heat conditions in the southern part of Gurbantunggut Desert. Chinese Science Bulletin 51:110–116.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, N., Y. M. Zhang, H. L. Wang, J. Zhang, R.Y. Chen, and H. L. Nie. 2007. On the nitrogen fixation by biological soil crusts in the Gurbantunggut Desert, northern Xinjiang of China. Acta Ecologica Sinica 27: 3785–3793 (in Chinese with English abstract).
   Google Scholar
• Yao, H. Y., D. Bowman, and W. Shi. 2011. Seasonal variations of soil microbial biomass and activity in warm- and cool-season turfgrass systems. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 43:1536–1543.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuan, X. M., and Z. Q. Wang. 1997. Studies on the NO3− −N in the environment and soil. Arid Zone Research 14: 52–55 (in Chinese with English abstract).
   Google Scholar
• Zeglin, L. H., M. Stursova, R. L. Sinsabaugh, and S. L. Collins. 2007. Microbial responses to nitrogen addition in three contrasting grassland ecosystems. Oecologia 154:349–359.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeng, D. H., Y. L. Hu, Y. X. Liu, Y. L. Zhang, Z. H. Chen, and Z. Q. Wang. 2010. Responses of soil chemical and biological properties to nitrogen addition in a Dahurian larch plantation in Northeast China. Plant and Soil 333:81–92.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, W., X. J. Liu, Y. K. Hu, K. H. Li, J. L. Shen, X. S. Luo, and W. Song. 2011. Analysis on input of atmospheric nitrogen dry deposition in Urumqi. Arid Zone Research 28: 771–716 (in Chinese with English abstract).
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, Y., L. X. Zheng, X. J. Liu, T. Jickells, J. N. Cape, K. Goulding, A. Fangmeier, and F. S. Zhang. 2008. Evidence for organic N deposition and its anthropogenic sources in China. Atmospheric Environment 42:1035–1041.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, X. B., and Y. M. Zhang. 2014. Temporal dynamics of soil oxidative enzyme activity across a simulated gradient of nitrogen deposition in the Gurbantunggut Desert, Northwestern China. Geoderma 213:261–267.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, X.B., Y.M. Zhang, and A. Downing. 2012. Non-linear response of microbial activity across a gradient of nitrogen addition to a soil from the Gurbantunggut Desert, northwestern China. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 47:66–77.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar