Soil Quality of a Mature Alley Cropping Agroforestry System in Temperate North America

References

• Acosta-Martínez, V., T.M. Zobeck, and V.G. Allen. 2010. Soil microbial communities and function in alternative systems to continuous cotton. Soil Science Society of America Journal 74: 1181–1192.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amador, J.A., A.M. Glucksman, J.B. Lyons, and J.H.Gorres. 1997. Spatial distribution of soil phosphatase activity within a riparian forest. Soil Science 162: 80–8825.
   Google Scholar
• Angers, D.A., and G.R. Mehuys. 1993. Aggregate stability to water. In Soil sampling and methods of analysis, M.R. Carter ( ed.), 651–657. Boca Raton, FL.: Canadian Society of Soil Science, Lewis Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Bandick, A.K., and R.P. Dick. 1999. Field management effects on soil enzyme activities. Soil Biology And Biochemistry 31: 1471–1479.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bardhan, S., S. Jose, S. Biswas, K. Kabir, and W. Rogers. 2012. Biodiversity in home gardens in Bangladesh—a comparison. Agroforestry Systems 85: 29–34.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boerner, R.E.J., K.L.M. Decker, and E.K. Sutherland. 2000. Prescribed burning effects on soil enzyme activity in a southern Ohio hardwood forest: a landscape-scale analysis. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 32: 899–908.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carter, M.R. 2004. Researching structural complexity in agricultural soils. Soil and Tillage Research 79: 1–6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christensen, B.T. 2001. Physical fractionation of soil and structural and functional complexity in organic matter turnover. European Journal of Soil Science 52: 345–353.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Decker, K.L.M., R.E.J. Boerner, and S.J.Morris. 1999. Scale dependent patterns of soil enzyme activity in a forested landscape. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 29: 232–241.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dick, R.P. 1994. Soil enzyme activities as indicators of soil quality. In Defining soil quality for sustainable development, J.W. Doran et al. ( eds.), 107–124. Madison, WI.: SSSA Special Publication 35.
   Google Scholar
• Dick, R.P., D.P. Breakwell, and R.F. Turco. 1996. Soil enzyme activities and biodiversity measurements as integrative microbiological indicators. In Methods of assessing soil quality, J.W. Doran and A.J. Jones, ( eds.) 247–271. Madison, WI.: SSSA special publication 49, Soil Science Society of America.
   Google Scholar
• Dick, R.P. 1997. Soil enzyme activities as integrative indicators of soil health. In Biological indicators of soil health, C. E. Pankhurst, B.M. Doube, and V.V.S.R. Gupta ( eds.), 121–156. Wallingford, UK: CAB International.
   Google Scholar
• Doran, J.W. 1980. Soil microbial and biochemical changes associated with reduced tillage. Soil Science Society of America Journal 44: 765–771.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doran, J.W., E.W. Elliott, and K. Paustian. 1998. Soil microbial activity, nitrogen cycling, and long-term changes in organic carbon pools as related to fallow tillage management. Soil Tillage and Research 49: 3–18.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekenler, M., and M.A. Tabatabai. 2003. Tillage and residue management effects on β-glucosidase activity in soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 35: 871–874.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gold, M.A., and H.E. Garrett. 2009. Agroforestry nomenclature, concepts and practices. In North American agroforestry: An integrated science and practice, 2nd edition, H.E. Garrett ( ed.), 45–55. Madison, WI: Agronomy Society of America.
   Google Scholar
• Gomez, E., V. Bisaro, and M. Conti. 2000. Potential C-source utilization patterns of bacterial communities as influenced by clearing and land use in a vertic soil of Argentina. Applied Soil Ecology 15: 273–281.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grossman, R.B., and T.G. Reinsch. 2002. Bulk density and linear extensibility. In Methods of soil analysis. Part 4. Physical Methods, J.H. Dane and G.C. Topp ( eds.), 201–228. Madison, WI: SSSA Book Ser. 5.
   Google Scholar
• Hakansson, I., and R.C. Reeder. 1994. Subsoil compaction by vehicles with high axle load-extent, persistence and crop response. Soil and Tillage Research 29: 277–304.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jose, S. 2009. Agroforestry for ecosystem services and environmental benefits: an overview. Agroforestry Systems 76: 1–10.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirchner, M.J., A.G. Wollum, and L.D. King. 1993. Soil microbial populations and activities in reduced chemical input agroecosystems. Soil Science Society of America Journal 57: 1289–1295.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kremer, R.J., and R.D. Kussman. 2011. Soil quality in a pecan-kura clover alley cropping system in the Midwestern USA. Agroforestry Systems 83: 213–223.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kremer, R.J., and J. Li. 2003. Developing weed-suppressive soils through improved soil quality management. Soil and Tillage Research 72: 193–202.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lupawayi, N.Z., W.A. Rice, and G.W. Clayton. 1998. Soil microbial diversity and community structure under wheat as influenced by tillage and crop rotation. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 30: 1733–1741.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, A.W., and S.G. Pallardy. 2001. Resource competition across the crop-tree interface in a maize-silver maple temperate alley cropping stand in Missouri. Agroforestry Systems 53: 247–259.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mungai, N.W., P.P. Motavalli, R.J. Kremer, and K.A. Nelson. 2005. Spatial variation of soil enzyme activities and microbial functional diversity in temperate alley cropping systems. Biology and Fertility of Soils 42: 129–136.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myers, R.T., D.R. Zak, D.C. White, and A. Peacock. 2001. Landscape-level patterns of microbial community composition and substrate use in upland forest ecosystems. Soil Science Society of America Journal 65: 359–367.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oelbermann, M. 2002. Linking carbon inputs to sustainable agriculture in Canadian and Costa Rican agroforestry systems. Ph.D. Dissertation. 208 p. Guelph, Canada: Department of Land Research Science at University of Guelph, Canada.
   Google Scholar
• Owenby, J.R., and D.S. Ezell. 1992. Monthly station normals of temperature, precipitation, and heating and cooling degree days 1961–90. Climatography of the United States no. 81. Ashville, NC: National Climatic Data Center.
   Google Scholar
• Pallardy, S.G., D.E. Gibbins, and J.L. Rhoads. 2003. Biomass production by two-year-old poplar clones on floodplain sites in the Lower Midwest, USA. Agroforestry Systems 59: 21–26.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, E., and A.J.M. Smucker. 2005. Erosive strength of concentric regions within soil microaggregates. Soil Science Society of America Journal 69: 1912–1921.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parham, J.A., and S.P. Deng. 2000. Detection, quantification, and characterization of β-glucosaminidase activity in soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 32: 1183–1190.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paudel, B.R., R.P. Udawatta, R.J. Kremer, and S.H. Anderson. 2011. Agroforestry and grass buffer effects on soil quality parameters for grazed pasture and row-crop systems. Applied Soil Ecology 48: 125–132.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peichl, M., N.V. Thevathasan, A.M. Gordon, J. Huss, and R.A. Abohassan. 2006. Carbon sequestration potentials in temperate tree-based intercropping systems. Southern Ontario, Canada. Agroforestry Systems 66: 243–257.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pepper, I.L., C.P. Gerba, and J.W. Brendecke. 1995. Dehydrogenase Activity of Soils. In Environmental microbiology: A lab manual. 51–56.
   Google Scholar
• Rhoades, C.C., T.M. Nissen, and J.S. Kettler. 1998. Soil nitrogen dynamics in alley cropping and no-till systems on ultisols of Georgia Piedmont, USA. Agroforestry Systems 39: 31–44.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schloter, M., O. Dilly, and J.C. Munch. 2003. Indicators for evaluating soil quality. Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment 98: 255–262.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seobi, T., S.H. Anderson, R.P. Udawatta, and C.J. Gantzer. 2005. Influence of grass and agroforestry buffer strips on soil hydraulic properties for an Albaqualf. Soil Science Society of America Journal 69: 893–901.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinsabaugh, R.L., M.M. Carreiro, and D.A. Repert. 2002. Allocation of extracellular enzymatic activity in relation to litter composition, N deposition and mass loss. Biogeochemistry 60: 1–24.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinsabaugh, R.L., R.K. Antibus, and A.E. Linkins. 1991. An enzymic approach to the analysis of microbial activity during plant litter decomposition. Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment 34: 43–54.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thevathasan, N.V., and A.M. Gordon. 2004. Ecology of tree intercropping systems in the North temperate region: Experiences from southern Ontario, Canada. Agroforestry Systems 61: 257–268.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner, B.L., D.W. Hopkins, P.M. Haygarth, and N. Ostle. 2002. β-Glucosidase activity in pasture soils. Applied Soil Ecology 20: 157–162.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Udawatta, R.P., and S. Jose. 2011. Carbon sequestration potential of North American agroforestry practices. In Carbon sequestration in agroforestry systems, B.M. Kumar and P.K.R. Nair ( eds.), 17–42. The Netherlands: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Udawatta, R.P., R.J. Kremer, B.W. Adamson, and S.H. Anderson. 2008a. Variations in soil aggregate stability and enzyme activities in a temperate agroforestry practice. Applied Soil Ecology 39: 153–160.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Udawatta, R.P., C.J. Gantzer, S.H. Anderson, and H.E. Garrett. 2008b. Agroforestry and grass buffer effects on high resolution X-ray Ct-measured pore characteristics. Soil Science Society of America Journal 72: 295–304.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Udawatta, R.P., S.H. Anderson, C.J. Gantzer, and H.E. Garrett. 2006. Agroforestry and grass buffer influence on macropore characteristics: a computed tomography analysis. Soil Science Society of America Journal 70: 1763–1773.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Unklesbay, A.G., and J.D. Vineyard. 1992. Missouri deology. Columbia, MO.: University of Missouri Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, W., A.N. Kravchenko, A.J.M. Smucker, W. Liang, and M.L. Rivers. 2012. Intra-aggregate pore characteristics: x-ray computed microtopography analysis. Soil Science Society of America Journal 76: 1159–1171.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wienhold, B.J., and D.L.Tanaka. 2001. Soil property changes during conversion from perennial vegetation to annual cropping. Soil Science Society of America Journal 65: 1795–1803.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, P. 1999. Nutrient inputs from trees via throughfall, stemflow and litterfall in an intercropping system. M.Sc. Thesis. 111 p. Guelph, Canada: Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph.
   Google Scholar