Investigating the influence of instrumental parameters and chemical composition on pyrolysis efficiency of peat

References

• Alewell, C., R. Giesler, J. Klaminder, J. Leifeld, and M. Rollog. 2011. Stable carbon isotopes as indicators for environmental change in palsa peats. Biogeosciences 8 (7):1769–78. doi:10.5194/bg-8-1769-2011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Artz, R. R. E., S. J. Chapman, A. H. J. Robertson, J. M. Potts, F. Laggoun-Défarge, S. Gogo, L. Comont, J.-R. Disnar, and A.-J. Francez. 2008. FTIR spectroscopy can be used as a screening tool for organic matter quality in regenerating cutover peatlands. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 40 (2):515–27. doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.09.019.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baldock, J. A., J. M. Oades, P. N. Nelson, T. M. Skene, A. Golchin, and P. Clarke. 1997. Assessing the extent of decomposition of natural organic materials using solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy. Soil Research 35 (5):1061–84. doi:10.1071/S97004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biller, P., and A. B. Ross. 2014. Pyrolysis GC–MS as a novel analysis technique to determine the biochemical composition of microalgae. Algal Research 6:91–97. doi:10.1016/j.algal.2014.09.009.
   Google Scholar
• Boon, J. J., L. Dupont, and J. W. De Leeuw. 1986. Characterization of a peat bog profile by Curie point pyrolysis-mass spectrometry combined with multivariant analysis and by pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In Fuchsman, C.H., editor, Peat and Water, New York: Elsevier, 215–39.
   Google Scholar
• Chapman, S. J., C. D. Campbell, A. R. Fraser, and G. Puri. 2001. FTIR spectroscopy of peat in and bordering Scots pine woodland: Relationship with chemical and biological properties. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 33 (9):1193–200. doi:10.1016/S0038-0717(01)00023-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De la Rosa, J. M., J. A. González-Pérez, R. González-Vázquez, H. Knicker, E. López-Capel, D. A. C. Manning, and F. J. González-Vila. 2008. Use of pyrolysis/GC–MS combined with thermal analysis to monitor C and N changes in soil organic matter from a Mediterranean fire affected forest. Catena 74 (3):296–303. doi:10.1016/j.catena.2008.03.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De la Rosa, J. M., J. A. González-Pérez, F. J. González-Vila, H. Knicker, and M. F. Araújo. 2011. Molecular composition of sedimentary humic acids from South West Iberian Peninsula: A multi-proxy approach. Organic Geochemistry 42 (7):791–802. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2011.05.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De la Rosa, J. M., S. R. Faria, M. E. Varela, H. Knicker, F. J. González-Vila, J. A. González-Pérez, and J. Keizer. 2012. Characterization of wildfire effects on soil organic matter using analytical pyrolysis. Geoderma 191:24–30. doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.01.032.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Derenne, S., and Q. Katell. 2015. Analytical pyrolysis as a tool to probe soil organic matter. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 111:108–20. doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2014.12.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Górecki, T., and J. Poerschmann. 2001. In-column pyrolysis: A new approach to an old problem. Analytical Chemistry 73 (9):2012–17. doi:10.1021/ac000913b.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grandy, A. S., M. S. Strickland, C. L. Lauber, M. A. Bradford, and N. Fierer. 2009. The influence of microbial communities, management, and soil texture on soil organic matter chemistry. Geoderma 150 (3–4):278–86. doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.02.007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, Y., G. Eglinton, E. R. E. Van der Hage, J. J. Boon, R. Bol, and P. Ineson. 1998. Dissolved organic matter and its parent organic matter in grass upland soil horizons studied by analytical pyrolysis techniques. European Journal of Soil Science 49 (1):1–15. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2389.1998.00141.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krüger, J. P., C. Alewell, K. Minkkinen, S. Szidat, and J. Leifeld. 2016. Calculating carbon changes in peat soils drained for forestry with four different profile-based methods. Forest Ecology and Management 381:29–36. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2016.09.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krull, E. S., and G. J. Retallack. 2000. δ13C depth profiles from paleosols across the Permian-Triassic boundary: Evidence for methane release. Geological Society of America Bulletin 112 (9):1459–72. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(2000)112<1459:CDPFPA>2.0.CO;2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larmola, T., J. L. Bubier, C. Kobyljanec, N. Basiliko, S. Juutinen, E. Humphreys, M. Preston, and T. R. Moore. 2013. Vegetation feedbacks of nutrient addition lead to a weaker carbon sink in an ombrotrophic bog. Global Change Biology 19 (12):3729–39. doi:10.1111/gcb.12328.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leifeld, J., C. Alewell, C. Bader, J. P. Krüger, C. W. Mueller, M. Sommer, M. Steffens, and S. Szidat. 2018. Pyrogenic carbon contributes substantially to carbon storage in intact and degraded northern peatlands. Land Degradation & Development 29 (7):2082–91. doi:10.1002/ldr.2812.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leifeld, J., C. Wüst-Galley, and S. Page. 2019. Intact and managed peatland soils as a source and sink of GHGs from 1850 to 2100. Nature Climate Change 9 (12):945-47.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leinweber, P., and H.-R. Schulten. 1995. Composition, stability and turnover of soil organic matter: Investigations by off-line pyrolysis and direct pyrolysis-mass spectrometry. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 32:91–110. doi:10.1016/0165-2370(94)00832-L.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu, Q., X.-C. Yang, C.-Q. Dong, Z.-F. Zhang, X.-M. Zhang, and X.-F. Zhu. 2011. Influence of pyrolysis temperature and time on the cellulose fast pyrolysis products: Analytical Py-GC/MS study. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 92 (2):430–38. doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2011.08.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu, X. Q., J. V. Hanna, and W. D. Johnson. 2000. Source indicators of humic substances: An elemental composition, solid state 13C CP/MAS NMR and Py-GC/MS study. Applied Geochemistry 15 (7):1019–33. doi:10.1016/S0883-2927(99)00103-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, F., C. Saiz-Jimenez, and F. J. Gonzalez-Vila. 1979. Pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of lignins. Holzforschung 33 (6):210–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parsi, Z., N. Hartog, T. Górecki, and J. Poerschmann. 2007. Analytical pyrolysis as a tool for the characterization of natural organic matter—A comparison of different approaches. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 79 (1):9–15. doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2006.10.013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paustian, K., J. Lehmann, S. Ogle, D. Reay, G. Philip Robertson, and P. Smith. 2016. Climate-smart soils. Nature 532 (7597):49. doi:10.1038/nature17174.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Preston, C. M., R. Hempfling, H.-R. Schulten, M. Schnitzer, J. A. Trofymow, and D. E. Axelson. 1994. Characterization of organic matter in a forest soil of coastal British Columbia by NMR and pyrolysis-field ionization mass spectrometry. Plant and Soil 158 (1):69–82. doi:10.1007/BF00007919.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saiz-Jimenez, C. 1994. Analytical pyrolysis of humic substances: Pitfalls, limitations, and possible solutions. Environmental Science & Technology 28 (11):1773–80. doi:10.1021/es00060a005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schellekens, J., P. Buurman, and X. Pontevedra-Pombal. 2009. Selecting parameters for the environmental interpretation of peat molecular chemistry–a pyrolysis-GC/MS study. Organic Geochemistry 40 (6):678–91. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2009.03.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt, M. W. I., M. S. Torn, S. Abiven, T. Dittmar, G. Guggenberger, I. A. Janssens, M. Kleber, I. Kögel-Knabner, J. Lehmann, and D. A. C. Manning. 2011. Persistence of soil organic matter as an ecosystem property. Nature 478 (7367):49. doi:10.1038/nature10386.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schulten, H.-R., and P. Leinweber. 1996. Characterization of humic and soil particles by analytical pyrolysis and computer modeling. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 38 (1–2):1–53. doi:10.1016/S0165-2370(96)00954-0.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schulten, H.-R., P. Leinweber, and B. K. G. Theng. 1996. Characterization of organic matter in an interlayer clay-organic complex from soil by pyrolysis methylation-mass spectrometry. Geoderma 69 (1–2):105–18. doi:10.1016/0016-7061(95)00054-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sorge, C., R. Müller, P. Leinweber, and H.-R. Schulten. 1993. Pyrolysis-mass spectrometry of whole soils, soil particle-size fractions, litter materials and humic substances: Statistical evaluation of sample weight, residue, volatilized matter and total ion intensity. Fresenius’ Journal of Analytical Chemistry 346 (6):697–703. doi:10.1007/BF00321275.
   Google Scholar
• Uden, P. C. 1993. Nomenclature and terminology for analytical pyrolysis (IUPAC Recommendations 1993). Pure and Applied Chemistry 65 (11):2405–09. doi:10.1351/pac199365112405.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White, D. M., D. Sarah Garland, L. Beyer, and K. Yoshikawa. 2004. Pyrolysis-GC/MS fingerprinting of environmental samples. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 71 (1):107–18. doi:10.1016/S0165-2370(03)00101-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar