Specialization, Diversification, and Environmental Technology Life Cycle

References

• Abernathy, W. J., and Clark, K. B. 1985. Innovation: Mapping the winds of creative destruction. Research Policy 14 (1): 3–22. doi:10.1016/0048-7333(85)90021-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abernathy, W. J., and Utterback, J. 1978. Patterns of industrial innovation. Technology Review 80 (7): 41–47.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Achilladelis, B. 1993. The dynamics of technological innovation: The sector of antibacterial medicines. Research Policy 22 (4): 279–308. doi:10.1016/0048-7333(93)90001-X.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Achilladelis, B., Schwarzkopf, A., and Cines, M. 1990. The dynamics of technological innovation: The case of the chemical industry. Research Policy 19 (1): 1–34. doi:10.1016/0048-7333(90)90032-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agarwal, R., and Gort, M. 2002. Firm and product life cycles and firm survival. American Economic Review 92 (2): 184–90. doi:10.1257/000282802320189221.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersen, B. 1999. The hunt for S -shaped growth paths in technological innovation: A patent study. Journal of Evolutionary Economics 9 (4): 487–526. doi:10.1007/s001910050093.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antonioli, D., Borghesi, S., and Mazzanti, M. 2016. Are regional systems greening the economy? Local spillovers, green innovations and firms’ economic performances. Economics of Innovation and New Technology 25 (7): 692–713. doi:10.1080/10438599.2015.1127557.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arthur, W. B. 2007. The structure of invention. Research Policy 36 (2): 274–87. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2006.11.005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Attaran, M. 1986. Industrial diversity and economic performance in U.S. areas. Annals of Regional Science 20 (2): 44–54. doi:10.1007/BF01287240.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Audretsch, D. B., and Feldman, M. P. 1996. Innovative clusters and the industry life cycle. Review of Industrial Organization 11 (2): 253–73. doi:10.1007/BF00157670.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balland, P. A., and Rigby, D. 2017. The geography of complex knowledge. Economic Geography 93 (1): 1–23. doi:10.1080/00130095.2016.1205947.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbieri, N., and Consoli, D. 2019. Regional diversification and green employment in US metropolitan areas. Research Policy 48 (3): 693–705. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2018.11.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbieri, N., Ghisetti, C., Gilli, M., Marin, G., and Nicolli, F. 2016. A survey of the literature on environmental innovation based on main path analysis. Journal of Economic Surveys 30 (3): 596–623. doi:10.1111/joes.2016.30.issue-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbieri, N., Marzucchi, A., and Rizzo, U. 2020. Knowledge sources and impacts on subsequent inventions: Do green technologies differ from non-green ones? Research Policy 49 (2). doi:10.1016/j.respol.2019.103901.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basalla, G. 1989. The evolution of technology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bishop, P., and Gripaios, P. 2010. Spatial externalities, relatedness and sector employment growth in Great Britain. Regional Studies 44 (4): 443–54. doi:10.1080/00343400802508810.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boschma, R., Coenen, L., Frenken, K., and Truffer, B. 2017. Towards a theory of regional diversification: Combining insights from evolutionary economic geography and transition studies. Regional Studies 51 (1): 31–45. doi:10.1080/00343404.2016.1258460.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boschma, R., and Iammarino, S. 2009. Related variety, trade linkages, and regional growth in Italy. Economic Geography 85 (3): 289–311. doi:10.1111/ecge.2009.85.issue-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boschma, R. A., and Frenken, K. 2006. Why is economic geography not an evolutionary science? Towards an evolutionary economic geography. Journal of Economic Geography 6 (3): 273–302. doi:10.1093/jeg/lbi022.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boston Consulting Group. 2015. Steel as a model for sustainable metal industry in 2050. https://www.bcg.com/publications/2015/metals-mining-sustainability-steel-as-a-model-for-a-sustainable-metal-industry-in-2050.aspx.
   Google Scholar
• Brunnermeier, S. B., and Cohen, M. A. 2003. Determinants of environmental innovation in US manufacturing industries. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 45 (2): 278–93. doi:10.1016/S0095-0696(02)00058-X.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cainelli, G., De Marchi, V., and Grandinetti, R. 2015. Does the development of environmental innovation require different resources? Evidence from Spanish manufacturing firms. Journal of Cleaner Production 94 (May): 211–20. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.02.008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cainelli, G., and Iacobucci, D. 2012. Agglomeration, related variety, and vertical integration. Economic Geography 88 (3): 255–77. doi:10.1111/ecge.2012.88.issue-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Callon, M. 1998. An essay on framing and overflowing: Economic externalities revisited by sociology. Sociological Review 46 (Supp l1): 244–69. doi:10.1111/j.1467-954X.1998.tb03477.x.
   Google Scholar
• Castaldi, C., Frenken, K., and Los, B. 2015. Related variety, unrelated variety and technological breakthroughs: An analysis of US state-level patenting. Regional Studies 49 (5): 767–81. doi:10.1080/00343404.2014.940305.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang, C. P., Wen, J., Zheng, M., Dong, M., and Hao, Y. 2018. Is higher government efficiency conducive to improving energy use efficiency? Evidence from OECD countries. Economic Modelling 72 (June): 65–77. doi:10.1016/j.econmod.2018.01.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang, S.-H., and Fan, C.-Y. 2016. Identification of the technology life cycle of telematics: A patent-based analytical perspective. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 105 (April): 1–10. doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2016.01.023.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charlot, S., Crescenzi, R., and Musolesi, A. 2015. Econometric modelling of the regional knowledge production function in Europe. Journal of Economic Geography 15 (6): 1227–59. doi:10.1093/jeg/lbu035.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christensen, C. M. 1997. Innovator’s dilemma: Whennew technologies cause great firms to fail. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business School Press Books.
   Google Scholar
• Constant, E. 1980. The origins of the turbojet revolution. (Johns Hopkins studies in the history of technology). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Content, J., and Frenken, K. 2016. Related variety and economic development: A literature review. European Planning Studies 24 (12): 2097–112. doi:10.1080/09654313.2016.1246517.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crescenzi, R., Gagliardi, L., and Iammarino, S. 2015. Foreign multinationals and domestic innovation: Intra-industry effects and firm heterogeneity. Research Policy 44 (3): 596–609. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2014.12.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crescenzi, R., Rodríguez-Pose, A., and Storper, M. 2007. The territorial dynamics of innovation: A Europe United States comparative analysis. Journal of Economic Geography 7 (6): 673–709. doi:10.1093/jeg/lbm030.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ––––. 2012. The territorial dynamics of innovation in China and India. Journal of Economic Geography 12 (5): 1055–85. doi:10.1093/jeg/lbs020.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Marchi, V. 2012. Environmental innovation and R&D cooperation: Empirical evidence from Spanish manufacturing firms. Research Policy 41 (3): 614–23. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2011.10.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Desrochers, P., and Leppälä, S. 2011. Creative cities and regions: The case for local economic diversity. Creativity and Innovation Management 20 (1): 59–69. doi:10.1111/caim.2011.20.issue-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Driscoll, J. C., and Kraay, A. C. 1998. Consistent covariance matrix estimation with spatially dependent panel data. Review of Economics and Statistics 80 (4): 549–60. doi:10.1162/003465398557825.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duranton, G., and Puga, D. 2001. Nursery cities: Urban diversity, process innovation, and the life cycle of products. American Economic Review 91 (5): 1454–77. doi:10.1257/aer.91.5.1454.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Essletzbichler, J. 2007. Diversity, stability and regional growth in the United States, 1975–2002. Applied evolutionary economics and economic geography, ed. K. Frenken, 203–29. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Feldman, M. P., and Audretsch, D. B. 1999. Innovation in cities: Science-based diversity, specialization and localized competition. European Economic Review 43 (2): 409–29. doi:10.1016/S0014-2921(98)00047-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fleming, L. 2001. Recombinant uncertainty in technological search. Management Science 47 (1): 117–32. doi:10.1287/mnsc.47.1.117.10671.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foster, R. N. 1986. Innovation: The attacker’s advantage. New York: Summit Books.
   Google Scholar
• Fredriksson, P. G., and Vollebergh, H. R. J. 2009. Corruption, federalism, and policy formation in the OECD: The case of energy policy. Public Choice 140 (1): 205–21. doi:10.1007/s11127-009-9419-x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frenken, K., and Boschma, R. A. 2007. A theoretical framework for evolutionary economic geography: Industrial dynamics and urban growth as a branching process. Journal of Economic Geography 7 (5): 635–49. doi:10.1093/jeg/lbm018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frenken, K., Van Oort, F., and Verburg, T. 2007. Related variety, unrelated variety and regional economic growth. Regional Studies 41 (5): 685–97. doi:10.1080/00343400601120296.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao, L., Porter, A. L., Wang, J., Fang, S., Zhang, X., Ma, T., and Huang, L. 2013. Technology life cycle analysis method based on patent documents. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 80 (3): 398–407. doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2012.10.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghisetti, C., and Pontoni, F. 2015. Investigating policy and R&D effects on environmental innovation: A meta-analysis. Ecological Economics 118:57–66. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2015.07.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glaeser, E. L., Kallal, H. D., Scheinkman, J. A., and Shleifer, A. 1992. Growth in cities. Journal of Political Economy 100 (6): 1126–52. doi:10.1086/261856.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gort, M., and Klepper, S. 1982. Time paths in the diffusion of product innovations. Economic Journal 92 (367): 630–53. doi:10.2307/2232554.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griliches, Z. 1979. Issues in assessing the contribution of research and development to productivity growth. Bell Journal of Economics 10 (1): 92–116. doi:10.2307/3003321.
   Google Scholar
• ———. 1990. Patent statistics as economic indicators: A survey. Journal of Economic Literature 28 (4): 1661–707.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, B. 2004. Innovation and diffusion. The Oxford handbook of innovation, ed. J. Fagerberg, D. Mowery, and R. R. Nelson, 459–85. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hall, B. H., and Helmers, C. 2013. Innovation and diffusion of clean/green technology: Can patent commons help? Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 66 (1): 33–51. doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2012.12.008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrison, B., Kelley, M., and Gant, J. 1996. Specialization versus diversity in local economies: The implications for innovative private-sector behavior. Cityscape 2 (2): 61–93.
   Google Scholar
• Hascic, I., and Migotto, M. 2015. Measuring environmental innovation using patent data. OECD Environment Working Paper 89. Paris: OECD.
   Google Scholar
• Haupt, R., Kloyer, M., and Lange, M. 2007. Patent indicators for the technology life cycle development. Research Policy 36 (3): 387–98. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2006.12.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henderson, R. 1995. Of life cycles real and imaginary: The unexpectedly long old age of optical lithography. Research Policy 24 (4): 631–43. doi:10.1016/S0048-7333(94)00790-X.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henderson, V., Kuncoro, A., and Turner, M. 1995. Industrial development in cities. Journal of Political Economy 103 (5): 1067–90. doi:10.1086/262013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henning, M. 2019. Time should tell (more): Evolutionary economic geography and the challenge of history. Regional Studies 53 (4): 602–13. doi:10.1080/00343404.2018.1515481.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes, T. P. 1983. Networks of power: Electrification in Western society, 1880–1930. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Jacobs, J. 1969. The economy of cities. New York: Vintage Books.
   Google Scholar
• Jacquemin, A. P., and Berry, C. H. 1979. Entropy measure of diversification and corporate growth. Journal of Industrial Economics 27 (4): 359–69. doi:10.2307/2097958.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaffe, A. B. 1986. Technological opportunity and spillovers of R&D: Evidence from firms’ patents, profits, and market value. American Economic Review 76 (5): 984–1001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ———. 1989. Real effects of academic research. American Economic Review 79 (5): 957–70.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joskow, P. L. 2001. US energy policy during the 1990s. Working paper 8454. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.
   Google Scholar
• Kelley, M. R., and Helper, S. 1999. Firm size and capabilities, regional agglomeration, and the adoption of new technology. Economics of Innovation and New Technology 8 (1–2): 79–103. doi:10.1080/10438599900000005.
   Google Scholar
• Klepper, S. 1996. Entry, exit, growth, and innovation over the product life cycle. American Economic Review 86 (3): 562–83.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ———. 1997. Industry life cycles. Industrial and Corporate Change 6 (1): 145–81. doi:10.1093/icc/6.1.145.
   Google Scholar
• Laplante, B., and Rilstone, P. 1996. Environmental inspections and emissions of the pulp and paper industry in Quebec. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 31 (1): 19–36. doi:10.1006/jeem.1996.0029.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, C., Cho, Y., Seol, H., and Park, Y. 2012. A stochastic patent citation analysis approach to assessing future technological impacts. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 79 (1): 16–29. doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2011.06.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, C., Kim, J., Kwon, O., and Woo, H.-G. 2016. Stochastic technology life cycle analysis using multiple patent indicators. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 106 (May): 53–64. doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2016.01.024.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lim, M., Zhou, Y., Wang, L., Rudolph, V., and Lu, G. Q. 2009. Development and potential of new generation photocatalytic systems for air pollution abatement: An overview. Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering 4 (4): 387–402. doi:10.1002/apj.321.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• March, J. G., and Simon, H. A. 1958. Organizations. New York: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Markusen, A. 1985. Profit cycles, oligopoly and regional development. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Marshall, A. 1890. Principles of Economics. London: Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Mazzanti, M., Marin, G., Mancinelli, S., and Nicolli, F. 2015. Carbon dioxide reducing environmental innovations, sector upstream/downstream integration and policy: Evidence from the EU. Empirica 42 (4): 709–35. doi:10.1007/s10663-014-9273-z.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montresor, S., and Quatraro, F. 2017. Regional branching and key enabling technologies: Evidence from European patent data. Economic Geography 93 (4): 367–96. doi:10.1080/00130095.2017.1326810.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ———. 2019. Green technologies and smart specialisation strategies: A European patent-based analysis of the intertwining of technological relatedness and key enabling technologies. Regional Studies 1–12. doi:10.1080/00343404.2019.1648784.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neffke, F., Henning, M., and Boschma, R. 2011. How do regions diversify over time? Industry relatedness and the development of new growth paths in regions. Economic Geography 87 (3): 237–65. doi:10.1111/ecge.2011.87.issue-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neffke, F., Henning, M., Boschma, R., Lundquist, K.-J., and Olander, L.-O. 2011. The dynamics of agglomeration externalities along the life cycle of industries. Regional Studies 45 (1): 49–65. doi:10.1080/00343401003596307.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson, R. R., and Winter, S. G. 1982. An evolutionary theory of economic change. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nooteboom, B. 2002. A balanced theory of sourcing, collaboration and networks. ERIM Report Series Research in Management 24-ORG. Rotterdam, the Netherlands: Erasums Institute of Mangement.
   Google Scholar
• Norton, R. D., and Rees, J. 1979. The product cycle and the spatial decentralization of American manufacturing. Regional Studies 13 (2): 141–51. doi:10.1080/09595237900185121.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OECD. 2011. Towards green growth. Paris: OECD.
   Google Scholar
• ———. 2015. Monitoring the transition to a low-carbon economy: A strategic approach to local development. Paris: OECD.
   Google Scholar
• Perruchas, F., Consoli, D., and Barbieri, N. 2020. Specialisation, diversification and the ladder of green technology development. Research Policy 49 (3): 103922. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2020.103922.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ponds, R., Oort, F. V., and Frenken, K. 2010. Innovation, spillovers and university-industry collaboration: An extended knowledge production function approach. Journal of Economic Geography 10 (2): 231–55. doi:10.1093/jeg/lbp036.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Popp, D. 2005. Lessons from patents: Using patents to measure technological change in environmental models. Ecological Economics 54 (2–3): 209–26. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2005.01.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Popp, D., Newell, R. G., and Jaffe, A. B. 2010. Energy, the environment, and technological change. Handbook of the economics of innovation—vol. 2, ed. N. Rosenberg and B. Halland, 873–938. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Quatraro, F., and Scandura, A. 2019. Academic inventors and the antecedents of green technologies. A regional analysis of Italian patent data. Ecological Economics 156:247–63. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.10.007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rigby, D. L., and Essletzbichler, J. 1997. Evolution, process variety, and regional trajectories of technological change in US manufacturing. Economic Geography 73 (3): 269–84. doi:10.2307/144484.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenberg, N. 1976. Perspectives on technology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Schumpeter, J. A. 1939. Business cycles: A theoretical, historical, and statistical analysis of the capitalist process. New York: McGraw-Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Storper, M., and Walker, R. 1989. The capitalist imperative. Territory, technology and industrial growth. New York: Basil Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Tanner, A. N. 2014. Regional branching reconsidered: Emergence of the fuel cell industry in European regions. Economic Geography 90 (4): 403–27. doi:10.1111/ecge.2014.90.issue-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Theil, H. 1972. Statistical decomposition analysis. With applications in the social and administrative sciences. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: North-Holland.
   Google Scholar
• Truffer, B., and Coenen, L. 2012. Environmental innovation and sustainability transitions in regional studies. Regional Studies 46 (1): 1–21. doi:10.1080/00343404.2012.646164.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• US Department of Energy. 2017. Fuel cell technologies market report 2016. Washington, DC: US Department of Energy.
   Google Scholar
• US National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and National Research Council. 2010. Electricity from renewable resources: Status, prospects and impediments. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
   Google Scholar
• Vona, F., and Consoli, D. 2015. Innovation and skill dynamics: A life-cycle approach. Industrial and Corporate Change 24 (6): 1393–415. doi:10.1093/icc/dtu028.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vona, F., Marin, G., Consoli, D., and Popp, D. 2018. Environmental regulation and green skills: An empirical exploration. Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists 5 (4): 713–53. doi:10.1086/698859.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weitzman, M. L. 1998. Recombinant Growth. Quarterly Journal of Economics 113 (2): 331–60. doi:10.1162/003355398555595.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar