References
- Ryoko Kato Tsuneyoshi , 'Meanings of Equality: Lessons from Japanese Debates,” The Educational Forum 54 ( Winter 1990 ): 185 – 195
- Isaiah Ben-Dasan , The Japanese and the Jews ( New York : Weatherhill , 1972 , 1989).
- Japanese Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture , Education in Japan ( Tokyo : Author , 1986 ), p. 15 .
- Patricia P. Lines , Compulsory Education Laws and Their Impact in Public and Private Education ( Denver : Education Commission of the States , 1985 ).
- Edward R. Beauchamp , “ The Development of Japanese Educational Policy, 1945–85 ,” History of Education Quarterly 27 ( Fall 1987 ): 299 – 324
- U.S. Department of Education , Office of Educational Research and Improvement , Youth Indicators 1988 ( Washington , D.C. : U.S. Government Printing Office, August 1988 ), pp. 52 and 54.
- Japanese Ministry of Education , Education in Japan , pp. 50 – 51
- Peggy Lukens , “ Probing Myths About Japanese Education ,” Education Week , November 18, 1989 , p. 32 .
- Japanese Ministry of Education , Education in Japan , p. 21 .
- L. Dean Webb , Martha M. McCarthy , and Steven B. Thomas , Financing Elementary and Secondary Education ( Columbus , Ohio : Charles E. Merrill , 1988 ).
- Japanese Ministry of Education , Education in Japan.
- Koji Aoki and Mary McCarthy , “ The Right to Education in Japan ,” Journal of Law and Education 13 ( No. 3 , 1985 ): 441 – 452
- Teruhisa Horio , Educational Thought and Ideology in Modern Japan ( Tokyo : University of Tokyo Press , 1988 ), p. 3 .
- Tsuneyoshi , “ Meanings of Equality. ”
- Susan D. Holloway , “ Concepts of Ability and Effort in Japan and the United States ,” Review of Educational Research 58 ( No. 3 , 1988 ): 327 – 345
- 347 U.S. 483 ( 1954 ).
- John N. Hawkins , “ Japan ,” Education and Urban Society 18 ( August 1986 ): 412 – 422
- Samuel Coleman , Family Planning in Japanese Society: Traditional Birth Control in a Modem Urban Culture ( Princeton , N.J. : Princeton University Press , 1983 ), p. 150 .
- Beauchamp , Japanese Educational Policy , p. 309 .
- Grove City College v. Bell , 104 S.Ct. 1211 ( 1984 ).
- See, e.g., Pickering v. Board of Education , 391 U.S. 563 ( 1968 ); Parducci v. Rutland, 316 F.Supp. 352 (1970); Mailloux v. Kiley, 323 F.Supp. 1387 (1971).
- 102 S.Ct. 2799 ( 1982 ).
- 393 U.S. 503 ( 1969 ).
- Bethel v. Eraser , 106 S.Ct. 3159 ( 1986 ).
- Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier , 108 S.Ct. 562 ( 1988 ).
- Tinker at 526.
- 419 U.S. 565 ( 1975 ).
- See, Ingraham v. Wright , 403 U.S. 651 ( 1977 ).
- Hall v. Tawney , 612 F2d 607 ( 1980 ).
- “ Teacher will be fired in pupil's death ,” Chicago Tribune , July 26, 1990 .
- 469 U.S. 325 ( 1985 ).
- Horio , Educational Thought in Japan , pp. 5 – 6
- 268 U.S. 510 ( 1925 ).
- Horio , Educational Thought in Japan , pp. 165 – 166
- Horio , Educational Thought in Japan , p. 13 .
- Ben-Dasan , Japanese and Jews , p. 17 .
- Beauchamp , Japanese Educational Policy , p. 308 .
- This most recent example of the trend in question has surfaced in the Milwaukee Public Schools.
- Horio , Educational Thought in Japan , p. 166 .